<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!--此行包含XML的版本信息和编码格式-->
<students><!--这是开始标签，也就是根节点--><student attribute = "六班吉祥物"><!--student为根节点的子节点，name节点的父节点， attribute是它的属性--><name>李帅</name><!--洛洛受为name节点的值--><sex>无</sex><age>14</age></student><student attribute = "吉祥物之基友"><name>建华</name><sex>随条件改变</sex><age>17</age></student>
</students><!--节点的结束标签都是以/加标签名称组成 -->

其中相关节点等知识不在详述，自行查阅。

//dom解析XML文件
-(void)domParser{//获得文件路径NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:@"XMLDemo" ofType:@"xml"];//见文件转化为data类型NSData* XMLData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];//将文件类型，通过note对象，转化为树形结构（一次性从内存中将xml文件转化为倒着的树形结构），在这里意味着将文件内容已经拉入了项目空间进行操作。GDataXMLDocument *doc = [[GDataXMLDocument alloc]initWithData:XMLData options:0 error:nil];//得到根节点GDataXMLElement *rootElement = [doc rootElement];//得到根节点的所有以“student”命名的子节点NSArray* stuArr = [rootElement elementsForName:@"student"];//初始化可变数组，用来存放学生的信息（需要注意的是，这里必须了解xml文件的数据结构，确定节点的末尾）NSMutableArray* stumArr = [NSMutableArray array];//得到所有Student节点的所有子节点，即Student对象中具体的个人for (GDataXMLElement* itemElement in stuArr) {NSArray* nameElement = [itemElement elementsForName:@"name"];//从节点中取值NSString *nameStr = [[nameElement objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSArray* sexArr = [itemElement elementsForName:@"sex"];NSString *sexStr = [[sexArr objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSArray *ageArr = [itemElement elementsForName:@"age"];NSString *ageStr = [[ageArr objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSDictionary *dic = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:nameStr,@"name",sexStr,@"sex",ageStr,@"age", nil];[stumArr addObject:dic];}NSLog(@"%@",stumArr);
}

然后看看sax解析的方式：

//xml的sax解析
-(void)saxParser{//获得文件路径NSString* pathStr = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"XMLDemo" ofType:@"xml"];//转化为data文件NSData* data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:pathStr];//sax解析NSXMLParser* parser= [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data];//指定代理，并导入协议，在sax解析的方式里，是通过逐行解析的方式去解析xml文件，在dialing方法中分步执行[parser setDelegate:self];//开始解析(同步，意思是解析不完成，下面的代码就不会执行)BOOL isSuccessful = [parser parse];if (isSuccessful) {NSLog(@"解析成功");}else{NSLog(@"解析失败");}}#pragma mark <NSXMLParserDelegate>
//开始解析
-(void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{NSLog(@"开始解析%s",__FUNCTION__);//初始化一个最大的容器self.allStudentMArr = [NSMutableArray array];
}
//开始解析节点
/***  Description**  @param parser        解析对象*  @param elementName   标签名称*  @param namespaceURI  命名空间指向的链接*  @param qName         命名空间的名称*  @param attributeDict 节点的属性*/
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *,NSString *> *)attributeDict{NSLog(@"开始解析节点%s",__FUNCTION__);if ([elementName isEqualToString:@"student"]) {//当解析到Student的时候，说明已经到了获取该节点的子节点的时候了，所以应该初始化容器了self.singleStudentMDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];}
}//开始取值
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string{NSLog(@"取值%s",__FUNCTION__);if (self.noteValueString) {
//        [self.noteValueString appendString:string];NSString* str = [self.noteValueString stringByAppendingString:string];
//        self.noteValueString = [str mutableCopy];self.noteValueString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:str];}else{self.noteValueString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:string];}}
//解析完毕某个节点
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName{if ([elementName isEqualToString:@"name"]) {[self.singleStudentMDic setObject: [self replaceStringWithString:self.noteValueString] forKey:elementName];}//每次解析玩一个节点，我们都需要将可变字符串清理一次，因为可变字符串是多次使用的if ([elementName isEqualToString:@"sex"]) {[self.singleStudentMDic setObject: [self replaceStringWithString:self.noteValueString] forKey:elementName];}if ([elementName isEqualToString:@"age"]) {[self.singleStudentMDic setObject: [self replaceStringWithString:self.noteValueString] forKey:elementName];}if ([elementName isEqualToString:@"student"]) {[self.allStudentMArr addObject:self.singleStudentMDic];}//每次对解析完毕的节点，必须将存储字符串置空。self.noteValueString = nil;
}//解析完毕
-(void)parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{NSLog(@"%s",__FUNCTION__);NSLog(@"%@",self.allStudentMArr);
}
//自定义的方法
-(NSString*)replaceStringWithString:(NSMutableString*)sourceString{//剔除字符串中的空格、换行、制表符NSString* resultString = [sourceString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@"" ];resultString = [resultString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\r" withString:@""];resultString = [resultString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\t" withString:@""];resultString = [resultString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];return resultString;
}

同时注意：sax解析和dom解析时都需要导入第三方文件

问题一：部分头文件报错

解决办法：

问题二：导入文件报错

//通过dom解析的方式，为xml增加节点（sax解析只可以读取，不可添加）
-(void)domAddNote{//获得文件路径NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:@"XMLDemo" ofType:@"xml"];//见文件转化为data类型NSData* XMLData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];//将文件类型，通过note对象，转化为树形结构（一次性从内存中将xml文件转化为倒着的树形结构）GDataXMLDocument *doc = [[GDataXMLDocument alloc]initWithData:XMLData options:0 error:nil];//得到根节点GDataXMLElement *rootElement = [doc rootElement];//创建一个我们需要添加的节点（Student）GDataXMLElement *creatElement = [GDataXMLNode elementWithName:@"student"];GDataXMLElement* nameElement = [GDataXMLElement elementWithName:@"name" stringValue:@"金鹏"];[creatElement addChild:nameElement];GDataXMLElement* ageElement = [GDataXMLElement elementWithName:@"age" stringValue:@"99"];[creatElement addChild:ageElement];GDataXMLElement* sexElement = [GDataXMLElement elementWithName:@"sex" stringValue:@"男男女女"];[creatElement addChild:sexElement];[rootElement addChild:creatElement];//得到根节点的所有子节点NSArray* stuArr = [rootElement elementsForName:@"student"];//初始化可变数组，用来存放学生的信息NSMutableArray* stumArr = [NSMutableArray array];//得到所有Student节点的所有子节点，即Student对象中具体的个人for (GDataXMLElement* itemElement in stuArr) {NSArray* nameElement = [itemElement elementsForName:@"name"];NSString *nameStr = [[nameElement objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSArray* sexArr = [itemElement elementsForName:@"sex"];NSString *sexStr = [[sexArr objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSArray *ageArr = [itemElement elementsForName:@"age"];NSString *ageStr = [[ageArr objectAtIndex:0] stringValue];NSDictionary *dic = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:nameStr,@"name",sexStr,@"sex",ageStr,@"age", nil];[stumArr addObject:dic];}NSLog(@"%@",stumArr);}

三、json数据结构与解析

{"reason":"success","result":[{"movieId":"216609","movieName":"诡八楼","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583083"},{"movieId":"216391","movieName":"摩登森林之美食总动员","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583246"},{"movieId":"216162","movieName":"龟兔再跑","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583181"},{"movieId":"215977","movieName":"森林孤影","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583247"},{"movieId":"215874","movieName":"从哪来，到哪去","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583542"},{"movieId":"215823","movieName":"有一天","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583092"},{"movieId":"215372","movieName":"兰辉","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583163"},{"movieId":"215365","movieName":"我是你的野蛮女友","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583708"},{"movieId":"215115","movieName":"触不可及","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583077"},{"movieId":"212024","movieName":"死亡派对","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583084"},{"movieId":"210860","movieName":"女生宿舍","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583157"},{"movieId":"209708","movieName":"不惧风暴","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583080"},{"movieId":"206446","movieName":"黎明之眼","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583098"},{"movieId":"205991","movieName":"一生一世","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583079"},{"movieId":"205238","movieName":"缘来是游戏","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583162"},{"movieId":"190893","movieName":"美女与野兽","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583090"},{"movieId":"190537","movieName":"敢死队3","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583082"},{"movieId":"183090","movieName":"空中营救","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583076"},{"movieId":"181874","movieName":"动物也疯狂","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583243"},{"movieId":"179197","movieName":"绝密跟踪","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583081"},{"movieId":"174132","movieName":"分歧者：异类觉醒","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583102"},{"movieId":"169864","movieName":"猩球崛起：黎明之战","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583078"},{"movieId":"128888","movieName":"挑战者联盟","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583248"},{"movieId":"49362","movieName":"共和国之旗","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583541"},{"movieId":"42201","movieName":"红旗谱","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583536"},{"movieId":"28678","movieName":"原色深海","pic_url":"http:\/\/v.juhe.cn\/movie\/picurl?2583539"}],"error_code":0
}

//JSON解析
-(void)jsonData{//先得到json文件的路径NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:@"MovieList" ofType:@"txt"];//将数据类型转化为nsdata类型NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];NSString *dataString = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];NSLog(@"%@",dataString);//解析NSError *error;NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:&error];NSLog(@"%@",dic);
}

当json数据串不是标准的数据文件时，需要对转化为的string进行剪切操作，从而进行工作。