Pinterest, a website best known for inspiration boards, has also been hosting sexualized photos of young girls, conspiracy theories, and white supremacist propaganda, a OneZero investigation has revealed.

P兴趣，一个网站的灵感板最有名，也被托管的年轻女孩，阴谋论和白人至上主义者的宣传性爱照片，一个OneZero查实。

In the past, the social media platform has been praised for its proactive moderation efforts, but OneZero found numerous instances of harmful content that not only evaded Pinterest’s abuse filters, but were actively recommended by its search algorithm. These findings underscore the risk of the site’s moderation approach, which “hides” dangerous material rather than removing it from the platform.

过去，社交媒体平台因其积极的审核工作而受到赞誉，但OneZero发现了许多有害内容的实例，这些实例不仅规避了Pinterest滥用过滤器，而且还受到其搜索算法的积极推荐。 这些发现强调了该站点进行审核的风险，该审核方法“隐藏”了危险材料，而不是将其从平台中删除。

“We want Pinterest to be a place for inspiration and that means we need to be deliberate about creating a safe and positive space for our users,” a Pinterest spokesperson told OneZero. “If people find content that shouldn’t be on Pinterest, we encourage them to report it to us. We rely on the reports from users to evolve our standards as well as using proactive tools to find and remove content. Additionally, we seek advice from outside experts on how we might improve our policies and enforcement.”

Pinterest发言人告诉OneZero： “我们希望Pint e休息能够成为一个灵感的地方，这意味着我们需要为用户创造安全，积极的空间。” “如果人们发现不应包含在Pinterest上的内容，我们鼓励他们向我们报告。 我们依靠用户的报告来发展我们的标准，并使用主动工具来查找和删除内容。 此外，我们就如何改善政策和执行力向外部专家征求意见。”

For years, Pinterest has sought to distance itself from other platforms by insisting it isn’t a social network, but a “‘catalog that’s hand-picked’ for users,” according to CEO Ben Silbermann. When Facebook and Twitter have opted to combat disinformation by removing millions of harmful posts and accounts, Pinterest chose another route, launching a search ban on “polluted content” in 2018 that started with anti-vaccination terms, cancer cures, and other health misinformation.

首席执行官本·西尔伯曼(Ben Silbermann)表示 ，多年来，Pinterest一直在坚持与其他平台保持距离，以坚持自己不是社交网络 ，而是“为用户精心挑选的”目录”。 当Facebook和Twitter选择通过消除数百万个有害帖子和帐户来打击虚假信息时，Pinterest选择了另一条途径，于2018年启动了对“污染内容” 的搜索禁令 ， 该禁令以反疫苗接种条款，癌症治愈方法和其他健康误导信息开始。

Instead of completely eliminating this type of content, Pinterest’s search engine blocks results for keywords likely to produce misinformation, according to the Wall Street Journal. These efforts were expanded last year, when Pinterest began serving verified health facts in response to vaccine-related searches in a move that echoed Facebook’s and Twitter’s approach, The Guardian reported, and banned hundreds of URLs and groups related to vaccine conspiracy theories. It similarly restricted “plantation wedding” content last year after civil rights advocates called on the company to stop glorifying the heritage of slavery, according to a BuzzFeed News report.

据《 华尔街日报》报道，Pinterest搜索引擎并没有完全消除这种类型的内容，而是阻止了可能产生错误信息的关键字的搜索结果。 据《 卫报》报道 ，去年，Pinterest开始针对疫苗相关的搜索提供经过验证的健康事实，以回应Facebook和Twitter的做法，从而扩大了这些努力。 根据《 卫报》的报道 ，Pinterest禁止了数百个与疫苗阴谋相关的网址和群组理论。 根据BuzzFeed新闻报道 ，去年，在民权主义者呼吁该公司停止美化奴隶制遗产之后，它同样限制了“种植婚礼”的内容。

Now, a Pinterest search for “vaccine” returns a disclaimer about medical hoaxes, and surfaces dozens of pins linking to helpful information from the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control. Users looking for “plantation wedding” ideas may find a warning that “people have reported Pins from this search,” meant to discourage them from thoughtlessly engaging with the material. As OneZero reported last October, Pinterest also developed a recommendation algorithm to improve its homepage experience.

现在，在Pinterest中搜索“疫苗”将返回有关医疗恶作剧的免责声明，并显示数十个图钉，这些图钉链接到世界卫生组织和疾病控制中心的有用信息。 寻求“种植婚礼”创意的用户可能会发现一条警告，即“人们在搜索中报告了大头针”，这是在劝阻他们不加思索地与材料互动。 正如OneZero去年10月报道的那样 ，Pinterest还开发了一种推荐算法来改善其首页体验。

These decisions have resulted in considerable goodwill for the company. Although Pinterest has been in the news recently over alleged discriminatory, retaliatory, and racist remarks by managers within the company, it has so far avoided Facebook-level scrutiny. Instead, the company has received positive coverage for its moderation and curation efforts from outlets like OneZero, The Guardian, and other tech publications.

这些决定为公司带来了可观的商誉。 尽管Pinterest最近因公司内部管理人员涉嫌歧视，报复和种族主义言论而成为新闻 ，但到目前为止，它仍避免了Facebook级别的审查。 取而代之的是，该公司从OneZero ， The Guardian以及其他技术出版物等发行机构那里获得了对其审核和管理工作的积极报道。

“Since the reckoning over social networks began in 2016, a popular genre of content has emerged that I like to call Hey, These Search Results Are Bad,” The Verge wrote last year. “Clearly, certain subjects… lead to more stories about bad search results than others. And so I was delighted to see that Pinterest had taken note of this phenomenon — and taken a surprisingly bold step to protect against it.”

“自2016年开始对社交网络进行清算以来，一种流行的内容流派出现了，我喜欢称之为Hey，这些搜索结果很糟糕，” The Verge 去年写道 。 “显然，某些主题……比其他主题引出更多有关搜索结果不佳的故事。 因此，我很高兴看到Pinterest注意到了这一现象，并采取了出乎意料的大胆步骤来防范这种现象。”

Pinterest’s moderation approach isn’t foolproof, however. OneZero found numerous pins in clear and potentially harmful violation of Pinterest’s community guidelines. On Thursday, Caroline Orr, a reporter at the National Observer, also tweeted images of BDSM products next to pins of children’s furniture. Although sometimes hidden from Pinterest users, this material was often easily discoverable elsewhere online.

但是，Pinterest审核方法并非万无一失。 OneZero发现了许多明显违反Pinterest 社区准则且可能有害的引脚。 星期四，《 国家观察报 》( National Observer)的记者卡罗琳·奥尔(Caroline Orr)还在推特上贴了儿童家具别针旁边的BDSM产品图像 。 尽管有时对Pinterest用户不可见，但该材料通常可以在网上其他地方轻松找到。

Some problematic content is organically served to Pinterest users through recommendations based on their browsing behavior. But much of this content can be located through searches conducted while logged out of the platform, and on search engines like Google.

一些有问题的内容会根据其浏览行为通过推荐有机地提供给Pinterest用户。 但是，这些内容中的大部分可以通过注销平台时进行的搜索以及在Google等搜索引擎上找到。

“We block results entirely if we believe they are more likely to be unsafe, cause significant harm or pose an imminent danger,” Pinterest’s spokesperson said. “This blocking happens at the search query level, and doesn’t result in the removal of the underlying content, since not all of the results may violate our policies.”

Pinterest发言人说：“如果我们认为结果更有可能是不安全的，造成重大伤害或迫在眉睫的危险，我们将完全封锁结果。” “这种封锁发生在搜索查询级别，不会导致基础内容被删除，因为并非所有结果都可能违反我们的政策。”

Pinterest does not allow searches on its homepage until a user has logged in. But this restriction can be circumvented by navigating to an existing user page, such as Pinterest’s own account, which then contains a search bar. Google search offers another workaround, as it links to a major archive of Pinterest content. Boolean search strings (combinations of keywords that produce specific search results on the web) can reveal a host of content that might otherwise be caught in Pinterest’s keyword filters. Although people may not browse Pinterest this way, these loopholes expose the potential risk of Pinterest’s decision to mask, rather than delete, harmful content.

Pinterest直到用户登录后才允许在其主页上进行搜索。但是，可以通过导航到现有的用户页面(例如Pinterest自己的帐户 ，然后包含搜索栏)来绕开此限制。 Google搜索提供了另一种解决方法，因为它链接到Pinterest内容的主要存档。 布尔搜索字符串 (在网络上产生特定搜索结果的关键字的组合)可以显示大量可能会被Pinterest关键字过滤器捕获的内容。 尽管人们可能不会以这种方式浏览Pinterest，但这些漏洞暴露了Pinterest决定掩盖而不是删除有害内容的潜在风险。

Pinterest told OneZero that logged-out searches “should feature the same blocking and redirection to authoritative resources as logged-in searches.” A logged-out search for “coronavirus” directs users to vetted medical resources, for instance. The company said it also works with search engines to expedite the removal of content that has been removed from Pinterest, but clarified that some harmful material may fall through the cracks.

Pinterest告诉OneZero ，注销搜索“应该具有与登录搜索相同的阻止和重定向到权威资源的功能。” 例如，注销搜索“冠状病毒”会将用户引导到经过审查的医疗资源。 该公司表示，它还与搜索引擎合作，以加快删除已从Pinterest中删除的内容的速度，但该公司澄清说，某些有害材料可能会从裂缝中掉落。

“While we work hard to identify and take action on this content so it won’t be discoverable, some violating content will sometimes appear in search engine results, even in instances where we have requested that it be removed,” Pinterest’s spokesperson added.

Pinterest发言人补充说：“尽管我们努力识别此内容并对其采取行动，以使其无法被发现，但某些违规内容有时会出现在搜索引擎结果中，即使在我们要求将其删除的情况下，也是如此。”

Using these search methods, OneZero discovered sexualized images of young girls hosted on the platform, some appearing to be children. “Sexualization or sexual exploitation of minors, like grooming, sexual remarks, or inappropriate imagery,” is prohibited by Pinterest’s guidelines. OneZero did not confirm the age of the individuals in these photos, which were posted under a known code name for child pornography. Regardless, OneZero has reported the images to Pinterest and the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children.

使用这些搜索方法， OneZero发现了托管在平台上的年轻女孩的色情图片，其中一些似乎是儿童。 Pinterest指南禁止“对未成年人进行性化或性剥削，例如修饰，性言论或不当的图像”。 在这些照片中， OneZero并未确认这些人的年龄，这些照片以已知的儿童色情代号张贴。 无论如何， OneZero均已将这些图像报告给Pinterest和国家失踪与被剥削儿童中心。

OneZero found numerous pins in clear and potentially harmful violation of Pinterest’s community guidelines.

OneZero发现了许多明显违反Pinterest社区准则且可能有害的引脚。

The Department of Justice notes that generic terminology is often used to conceal child pornography and “prolong [its] existence” online. In 2013, Utah’s Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force — part of a national network of agencies working to prevent child exploitation online — began investigating 12 cases of people posting child pornography to Pinterest boards after the company reported the material to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. As of May 2013, the last time these investigations were publicized, charges in those cases were pending, and the Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force did not immediately respond to OneZero’s questions about their current status.

司法部指出 ，通用术语通常用于隐藏儿童色情内容并“在线延长其存在”。 2013年，在公司向美国国家失踪与灭绝中心(National Center for Missing and Missing) 报告该材料后，犹他州的互联网儿童侵害犯罪特别工作组(该组织是致力于防止在线剥削儿童的国家机构网络的一部分) 开始调查12起向色情网站发布儿童色情内容的人的案件 。被剥削的孩子。 截至2013年5月，这些调查的最后一次公开发布，有关这些案件的指控正在审理中，互联网儿童侵害罪行特别工作组没有立即回答OneZero有关其现状的问题。

In addition, OneZero found pins promoting various medical misinformation — claims that vitamins can prevent cancer, that 5G causes the coronavirus, and propaganda for the “medical freedom” anti-vaccination movement. This includes links to personal health blogs, a YouTube video falsely claiming that Bill Gates is responsible for the coronavirus, anti-vaccination merchandise, and entire Pinterest boards dedicated to the myth that vaccines cause autism, despite the fact that the company has taken a hard-line stance against medical misinformation. Earlier this year, Pinterest rolled out custom search results to combat hoaxes about the coronavirus, and the platform says it does not allow users to save (and thereby amplify) certain health advice. While these restrictions may shield users from seeing certain material on Pinterest’s platform, the company is still hosting that material, which means it can be encountered through a Google search. Searching Google Images for “5G” and “coronavirus” on Pinterest reveals a deluge of images and links to YouTube videos that propagate this particular myth.

此外， OneZero还发现了促进各种医学错误信息的图钉-声称维生素可以预防癌症，5G引起冠状病毒，并宣传“ 医疗自由 ”的抗疫苗运动。 这包括指向个人健康博客的链接，一个YouTube视频 ，该视频错误地声称比尔·盖茨(Bill Gates)负责冠状病毒， 抗疫苗商品以及整个Pinterest委员会 ，这些委员会专门致力于疫苗引起自闭症的神话，尽管该公司采取了艰辛的行动。反对医疗错误信息的立场。 今年早些时候，Pinterest推出了自定义搜索结果，以消除有关冠状病毒的恶作剧，该平台表示不允许用户保存(从而扩大)某些健康建议。 尽管这些限制可能会使用户无法在Pinterest平台上看到某些资料，但该公司仍在托管该资料，这意味着可以通过Google搜索来找到该资料。 在Google图像上搜索Pinterest上的“ 5G”和“冠状病毒”会发现大量图像，并链接到传播这一特殊神话的YouTube视频。

After OneZero viewed a board containing anti-Black and pro-Ku Klux Klan pins, our homepage surfaced a link to an article glorifying the Confederate flag and pins of Confederate flag imagery.

在OneZero查看了包含反黑和亲Ku Klux Klan针脚的标牌后，我们的主页上出现了指向文章的链接，该文章美化了Confederate标志和Confederate标志图像的大头针。

OneZero also found YouTube videos, Soundcloud streams, and merchandise on Pinterest promoting QAnon ideology. Unlike Facebook, which has removed QAnon-affiliated pages for “targeted inauthentic behavior,” this type of content is readily available on Pinterest. While the company appears to have blocked the acronym “WWG1WGA” (referring to the QAnon slogan: “Where we go one, we go all”), it has not blocked the alternative “WWG1WGALL,” which Pinterest’s search bar actually autocompletes when logged in. Pinterest also hosts books and imagery related to Tempel ov Blood, a group associated with the Order of the Nine Angles, a Satanic, neo-Nazi group linked to threats of extremist violence.

OneZero还在Pinterest上发现了YouTube视频 ， Soundcloud流以及在商品上宣传QAnon意识形态的商品。 与Facebook 删除了针对“非真实行为”的QAnon关联页面不同，Facebook可以在Pinterest上轻松获得这种类型的内容。 尽管该公司似乎已阻止了首字母缩写词“ WWG1WGA”(指的是QAnon口号 ：“我们走到哪里，我们就走了”)，但它并未阻止替代品“ WWG1WGALL”，Pinterest搜索栏实际上在登录时自动完成Pinterest还托管了与坦Perl夫·血腥组织(Tempel ov Blood)有关的书籍和图像 ，该组织与“九角勋章” 相关 ，该组织是与极端主义暴力威胁有关的撒旦，新纳粹组织。

In its guidelines, Pinterest prohibits “Support for hate groups and people promoting hateful activities, prejudice, and conspiracy theories.” However, a significant amount of white supremacist and far-right content has been shared on the platform. This ranges from racist commentators to anti-Black and Islamophobic imagery to anti-Asian “kung flu” memes. For example, there are numerous pins linking to videos from Stefan Molyneux, a Canadian podcaster who routinely espouses “race science” and other white supremacist ideology. Molyneux was recently banned by YouTube and Soundcloud for hate speech and was suspended by Twitter for spam and platform manipulation.

Pinterest在其指南中禁止“支持仇恨团体和鼓吹仇恨活动，偏见和阴谋论的人。” 但是，该平台上已共享了大量白人至上主义者和极右派人士的内容。 从种族主义评论员到反黑人和伊斯兰憎恶的意象，再到反亚洲的“ 功夫 ”模因。 例如，有许多图钉链接到加拿大播客Stefan Molyneux的视频，后者经常拥护“种族科学”和其他白人至上主义意识形态。 Molyneux最近因仇恨言论而被YouTube和Soundcloud禁止，并因垃圾邮件和平台操纵而被Twitter暂停 。

Pinterest’s recommendation algorithm also appears to elevate racist content. After OneZero viewed a board containing anti-Black and pro-Ku Klux Klan pins (while logged into an account), our homepage surfaced a link to an article glorifying the Confederate flag and pins of Confederate flag imagery. As OneZero has previously reported, Pinterest’s algorithm allows users to control what appears on their homepage by “turning off” boards, histories, and topics that influence these personalized feeds. For power users, this is a useful step, but casual users may be less inclined to customize their experience, and there are other ways that Pinterest places harmful content at people’s fingertips.

Pinterest推荐算法似乎也可以提升种族主义内容。 OneZero观看后板含有抗黑和亲三K党引脚(同时登录到一个帐户)，我们的主页浮出水面一个链接到文章赞美盟旗和销盟旗 图像 。 正如OneZero之前报道的那样，Pinterest算法允许用户通过“ 关闭 ”影响这些个性化供稿的面板，历史和主题来控制其首页上显示的内容。 对于高级用户来说，这是一个有用的步骤，但是临时用户可能不太愿意自定义其体验，并且Pinterest还有其他方式可以将有害内容置于人们的指尖。

“Generally speaking, we limit the distribution of or remove hateful content and content and accounts that promote hateful activities, false or misleading content that may harm Pinterest users or the public’s well-being, safety or trust, and content and accounts that encourage, praise, promote, or provide aid to dangerous actors or groups and their activities,” Pinterest’s spokesperson said of the company’s guidelines. Pinterest does not have specific policies regarding hyperpartisan content, however, which may or may not fall under the aforementioned rules.

“一般来说，我们限制或发布可憎内容以及煽动可憎活动的内容和帐户，可能损害Pinterest用户或公众的福祉，安全或信任的虚假或误导性内容以及鼓励或赞美的内容和帐户， ，促进或向危险的演员或团体及其活动提供帮助，” Pinterest发言人在谈到公司的指导方针时说。 Pinterest没有关于超党派内容的具体政策，但是，该政策可能会或可能不会属于上述规则。

Mike Caulfield, a digital literacy expert at Washington State University Vancouver, has documented problematic content on Pinterest over the years. In 2018, he showed how a search for cooking “the perfect egg” led to pins about fringe conspiracy theories within 14 minutes of browsing. Caulfield theorized this was due to the way Pinterest uses boards to construct a model of your various interests. Indeed, users have gamed this system by sharing benign content alongside more extreme stuff, or as Daily Beast reported in 2018, pancake recipes next to QAnon memes. When OneZero viewed a pin linking to a video about 5G and the coronavirus, Pinterest recommended related content including “deepstate secret kill lists,” “Satanic elite bloodlines,” and biological warfare.

温哥华华盛顿州立大学的数字素养专家Mike Caulfield 多年来记录了有关Pinterest有问题的内容。 在2018年， 他展示了如何搜索烹饪“完美的鸡蛋”如何在浏览后14分钟之内找到关于边缘串谋理论的线索。 Caulfield从理论上讲，这是由于Pinterest使用董事会构建各种利益模型的方式。 确实，用户通过共享良性内容以及更多极端内容来玩这个系统，或者如《 每日野兽》 ( Daily Beast)在2018年报道的那样，在QAnon模因旁边的煎饼食谱。 当OneZero查看链接到有关5G和冠状病毒的视频的图钉时，Pinterest推荐了相关内容，包括“深层状态的秘密杀人名单”，“撒旦的精英血统”和生物战。

Pinterest’s autocomplete feature also nudges logged-in users toward troubling content. Typing “Chinese virus” autocompletes with “memes” and “jokes.” Meanwhile, an entry for “AOC” suggests “stupid memes.” Pinterest is aware of these effects. During the 2016 presidential election, it was accused of proliferating disinformation that originated on other platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter. It was again blamed for hosting polarizing and hyperpartisan memes during Canada’s 2019 federal election. The Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensics Research Lab, which studies disinformation online, revealed that “by clicking on only a single hyperpartisan and often hostile meme, the platform would recommend other politically intense memes.” Clicking on a single anti-Justin Trudeau meme led to a much larger network of far-right conspiracy theories.

Pinterest自动完成功能还可以使登录用户轻触内容。 输入“中国病毒”会自动以“模因”和“笑话”完成。 同时，“ AOC”的条目表示“愚蠢的模因”。 Pinterest意识到了这些影响。 在2016年总统大选期间，它被指控传播源自其他平台(例如Facebook和Twitter)的虚假信息 。 它再次因在加拿大2019年联邦大选期间主持偏见和超党派模因而受到指责。 大西洋委员会的数字取证研究实验室在线研究虚假信息，结果显示 “通过仅单击一个超级党派且经常带有敌意的模因，该平台将推荐其他具有政治倾向的模因。” 点击一个反贾斯汀·特鲁多的模因导致了极右翼阴谋理论的庞大网络。

The upcoming presidential election will be a stress test for Pinterest’s algorithms. Even now, a search for “election fraud” surfaces content that overwhelmingly supports false claims about mail-in ballots.

即将举行的总统大选将对Pinterest算法进行压力测试。 即使到了现在，对“选举欺诈”的搜索仍然显示出绝大多数内容支持有关邮寄选票的虚假主张 。

“Political content is not a popular use case on Pinterest, and we don’t want to become the go-to place for political news and debates,” Pinterest’s spokesperson said. The platform does not allow political campaign ads, and says it’s working to address “adversarial behavior.” Earlier this year, Pinterest also updated its policy to ban misinformation about voting and the census, reported the Washington Post.

Pinterest发言人说：“政治内容不是Pinterest上的流行用例，我们不想成为政治新闻和辩论的首选。” 该平台不允许进行政治竞选广告，并表示正在努力解决“对抗行为”。 据《 华盛顿邮报》报道 ，今年早些时候，Pinterest还更新了其政策，以禁止有关投票和人口普查的错误信息。

In the past, Pinterest has consulted the advice of companies like Storyful, a social media intelligence firm, which helped to inform its decision to block certain cancer-related searches. As OneZero previously reported, Pinterest has also welcomed the expertise of researchers like Caulfield, whose findings led to additional measures around combatting vaccination misinformation.

过去，Pinterest曾咨询诸如社交媒体情报公司Storyful之类的公司的建议，该公司帮助告知其决定阻止某些与癌症相关的搜索。 正如OneZero先前报道的那样，Pinterest也欢迎像Caulfield这样的研究人员的专业知识，他们的发现导致围绕疫苗接种错误信息采取额外措施。

Will Oremus contributed reporting to this story.

Will Oremus为这个故事提供了报道。

Have a tip about Pinterest? You can contact Sarah Emerson securely on Signal at +1 510 473 8820, or email sarahnemerson@protonmail.com.

有关于Pinterest提示吗？ 您可以通过+1 510 473 8820通过Signal与安全的Sarah Emerson联系，或发送电子邮件至 sarahnemerson@protonmail.com 。