Java模拟发送Http请求详细示例

对接第三方接口，肯定是需要我们自己模拟浏览器来发送请求的，有的文档中有demo，有demo改一改参数配置就好了，但有的接口却没有demo，只有一份接口参数介绍文档，这时候就需要我们自己来写发送请求的代码了。

使用依赖

<!-- httpclient 相关依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpcore</artifactId><version>4.4.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpclient</artifactId><version>4.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpmime</artifactId><version>4.5</version>
</dependency>

请求代码如下：

// 创建Http实例
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建HttpPost实例
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ocrProperties.getApiUrl());//url post请求url
try {MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();builder.setCharset(java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8"));builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);//paramMap 表单里其他参数Map<String, String> paramMap = new HashMap<>();paramMap.put("appId", ocrProperties.getAppId());paramMap.put("appKey", ocrProperties.getAppkey());paramMap.put("image", encode(pictureFile.getBytes()));paramMap.put("fixMode", "1");//‘1’ - 修复模式 ‘0’ - 不修复模式//表单中参数for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : paramMap.entrySet()) {builder.addPart(entry.getKey(), new StringBody(entry.getValue(), ContentType.create("text/plain", Consts.UTF_8)));}HttpEntity entity = builder.build();httpPost.setEntity(entity);HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);// 执行提交if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {//返回的数据String res = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8"));//解析JSON，将JSON转换为JsonObject对象JsonObject asJsonObject = jsonParser.parse(res).getAsJsonObject();if(null != asJsonObject){//响应code码。200000：成功，其他失败String code = asJsonObject.get("code").getAsString();if("200000".equals(code)){//获取json元素，这里的格式比较复杂，需要多次转换，属于是json套json了JsonObject element = asJsonObject.get("data").getAsJsonObject().get("data").getAsJsonObject().getAsJsonObject("words_result").getAsJsonObject();//获取指定元素String companyName = element.getAsJsonObject("单位名称").get("words").getAsString();//公司名称String creditCode = element.getAsJsonObject("社会信用代码").get("words").getAsString();//社会信用代码String legalPerson = element.getAsJsonObject("法人").get("words").getAsString();//法人/公司代表人String address = element.getAsJsonObject("地址").get("words").getAsString();//地址map.put("companyName",companyName);map.put("creditCode",creditCode);map.put("legalPerson",legalPerson);map.put("address",address);}}}
} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();log.error("调用HttpPost失败！" + e.toString());
} finally {if (httpClient != null) {try {httpClient.close();} catch (IOException e) {log.error("关闭HttpPost连接失败");}}
}

使用的话把上面的代码改一改就好了，一般都是把这种封装为工具类使用的。

方式二

//1.根据订单号查询订单信息QueryWrapper<Order> wrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();wrapper.eq("order_no",orderNo);Order order = orderService.getOne(wrapper);//2.使用map设置生成二维码需要的参数Map m = new HashMap<>();//设置支付参数m.put("appid", "wx74862e0dfcf69954");m.put("mch_id", "1558950191");m.put("nonce_str", WXPayUtil.generateNonceStr());m.put("body", order.getCourseTitle());m.put("out_trade_no", orderNo);m.put("total_fee", order.getTotalFee().multiply(new BigDecimal("100")).longValue() + "");m.put("spbill_create_ip", "127.0.0.1");m.put("notify_url", "http://guli.shop/api/order/weixinPay/weixinNotify\n");m.put("trade_type", "NATIVE");//3.发送httpclient请求，传递参数HttpClient client = new HttpClient("https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/unifiedorder");//将map数据集合转换为xml格式client.setXmlParam(WXPayUtil.generateSignedXml(m, "T6m9iK73b0kn9g5v426MKfHQH7X8rKwb"));client.setHttps(true);//设置支持https请求//执行请求发送client.post();//4.得到发送请求返回结果//返回的内容是xml格式String xml = client.getContent();Map<String, String> resultMap = WXPayUtil.xmlToMap(xml);//封装返回结果集Map map = new HashMap<>();map.put("out_trade_no", orderNo);               //订单号map.put("course_id", order.getCourseId());      //课程id（支付成功返回页面需要用到）map.put("total_fee", order.getTotalFee());      //价格map.put("result_code", resultMap.get("result_code"));//返回二维码状态码map.put("code_url", resultMap.get("code_url"));//二维码地址

用到的工具类

package com.atguigu.eduorder.utils;import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;/*** http请求客户端** @author Eric**/
public class HttpClient {private String url;private Map<String, String> param;private int statusCode;private String content;private String xmlParam;private boolean isHttps;public boolean isHttps() {return isHttps;}public void setHttps(boolean isHttps) {this.isHttps = isHttps;}public String getXmlParam() {return xmlParam;}public void setXmlParam(String xmlParam) {this.xmlParam = xmlParam;}public HttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> param) {this.url = url;this.param = param;}public HttpClient(String url) {this.url = url;}public void setParameter(Map<String, String> map) {param = map;}public void addParameter(String key, String value) {if (param == null)param = new HashMap<String, String>();param.put(key, value);}public void post() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {HttpPost http = new HttpPost(url);setEntity(http);execute(http);}public void put() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {HttpPut http = new HttpPut(url);setEntity(http);execute(http);}public void get() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {if (param != null) {StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(this.url);boolean isFirst = true;for (String key : param.keySet()) {if (isFirst)url.append("?");elseurl.append("&");url.append(key).append("=").append(param.get(key));}this.url = url.toString();}HttpGet http = new HttpGet(url);execute(http);}/*** set http post,put param*/private void setEntity(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase http) {if (param != null) {List<NameValuePair> nvps = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>();for (String key : param.keySet())nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key))); // 参数http.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8)); // 设置参数}if (xmlParam != null) {http.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlParam, Consts.UTF_8));}}private void execute(HttpUriRequest http) throws ClientProtocolException,IOException {CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;try {if (isHttps) {SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {// 信任所有public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,String authType)throws CertificateException {return true;}}).build();SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();} else {httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();}CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(http);try {if (response != null) {if (response.getStatusLine() != null)statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();// 响应内容content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);}} finally {response.close();}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {httpClient.close();}}public int getStatusCode() {return statusCode;}public String getContent() throws ParseException, IOException {return content;}}

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