MSTP的原理以及实验

MSTP的概念

MSTP兼容STP和RSTP，通过多实例能实现对业务流量和用户流量的隔离，同时还提供了数据转发的多个冗余路径，在数据转发过程中实现VLAN数据的负载均衡。在MSTP中，你可以将若干个VLAN映射到一个实例（instance），MSTP将为每个instance运行一颗生成树，可以基于instance设置优先级、端口路径开销等参数。

MSTP的生成背景

RSTP与STP共同的缺陷：由于局域网内所有的VLAN共享一颗生成树，因此无法实现在VLAN之间实现数据流量的平均分配，链路被阻塞之后将不承担任何流量。鉴于此基础，IEEE发布了MSTP，将VLAN根据不同的划分位集中实例，每个实例对应不同的生成树，所以可以实现数据流量的负载均衡，同时也解决了因VLAN过多而引起的资源占用过大的问题。

MSTP实验

交换机配置mstp，sw1为vlan10的主，vlan20的备，sw2为vlan20的主，vlan10的备；配置R1的loopback口为1.1.1.1，使得pc1和pc2可以ping通1.1.1.1。

R1

The device is running!<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int loo
[Huawei]int LoopBack 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
[Huawei-LoopBack0]q
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
Apr 12 2021 13:28:41-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocolIP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center en
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.20.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on

SW1

The device is running!<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p h u v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
Apr 12 2021 14:14:12-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center ^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]vlan batch^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p h u v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]int e 0/0/3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int e 0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p h p v 10
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p h u v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]stp re
[Huawei]stp region-configuration
[Huawei-mst-region]re
[Huawei-mst-region]region-name 11
[Huawei-mst-region]in
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10
[Huawei-mst-region]ins
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20
[Huawei-mst-region]act
[Huawei-mst-region]active re
[Huawei-mst-region]active region-configuration
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-mst-region]q
[Huawei]stp ins
[Huawei]stp instance 1 root primary
[Huawei]stp in
[Huawei]stp instance 2 root s
[Huawei]stp instance 2 root secondary
[Huawei]dis vrrp b
[Huawei]dis vrrp br
[Huawei]dis vrrp brief
Info: No VRRP backup group is configured with a virtual IPv4 address.
[Huawei]dis stp b
[Huawei]dis stp brief MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/2               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/3               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
[Huawei] User interface con0 is available

SW2

The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int e0/0/3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]
Apr 12 2021 14:41:05-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]in
Apr 12 2021 14:41:15-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p h p v 20
Error: The VLAN does not exist.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]int
Apr 12 2021 14:41:45-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.e 0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p h p v 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]
Apr 12 2021 14:41:55-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p h u v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]
Apr 12 2021 14:42:45-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[Huawei]stp re
[Huawei]stp region-configuration
[Huawei-mst-region]reg
[Huawei-mst-region]region-name 11
[Huawei-mst-region]inst
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10
[Huawei-mst-region]ins
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20
[Huawei-mst-region]act
[Huawei-mst-region]active re
[Huawei-mst-region]active region-configuration
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-mst-region]q
[Huawei]stp
Apr 12 2021 14:43:25-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[Huawei]stp ins
[Huawei]stp instance 2 root p
[Huawei]stp instance 2 root primary
[Huawei]stp ins
[Huawei]stp instance 1
Apr 12 2021 14:43:45-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.root s
[Huawei]stp instance 1 root secondary
[Huawei]
Apr 12 2021 14:43:55-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei]dis stp briefMSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/2               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/3               ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/3               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[Huawei]dis this
#
sysname Huawei
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
stp instance 1 root secondary
stp instance 2 root primary
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
return
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]dis this
#
sysname Huawei
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
stp instance 1 root secondary
stp instance 2 root primary
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
return
[Huawei]dis stp b
[Huawei]dis stp brief MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/2               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/3               ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/3               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[Huawei]dis stp
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode MSTP]-------
CIST Bridge         :32768.4c1f-cc98-5c6c
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 19
CIST Root/ERPC      :32768.4c1f-cc53-140e / 0
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :32768.4c1f-cc53-140e / 200000
CIST RootPortId     :128.2
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :30
TC count per hello  :0
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:12m:13s
Number of TC        :11
Last TC occurred    :Ethernet0/0/1
----[Port1(Ethernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----Port Protocol       :EnabledPort Role           :Designated PortPort Priority       :128Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=200000Designated Bridge/Port   :32768.4c1f-cc98-5c6c / 128.1Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabledPoint-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=trueTransit Limit       :147 packets/hello-timeProtection Type     :None[Huawei]
[Huawei]dis this
#
sysname Huawei
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
stp instance 1 root secondary
stp instance 2 root primary
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
return
[Huawei]dis stp b
[Huawei]dis stp brief MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/2               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/3               ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/3               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[Huawei] User interface con0 is available

SW3

The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]int e0/0/
Apr 12 2021 14:32:54-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p h u v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p h
Apr 12 2021 14:33:24-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 409
Error: The interface is already a L2 interface.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]p h p v 10
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0
Apr 12 2021 14:34:14-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095./0/4
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]p h p v 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]p h u v 10 20
Apr 12 2021 14:34:34-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]
Apr 12 2021 14:34:44-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p h p v 10
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p h u
Apr 12 2021 14:35:24-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.v 10 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]int e 0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]p
Apr 12 2021 14:35:34-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. h p v 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]
Apr 12 2021 14:35:44-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.p h u v 10
20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]
Apr 12 2021 14:36:04-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 12, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[Huawei]stp re
[Huawei]stp region-configuration
[Huawei-mst-region]re
[Huawei-mst-region]region-name 11
[Huawei-mst-region]instan
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10
[Huawei-mst-region]ins
[Huawei-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20
[Huawei-mst-region]stp in
[Huawei-mst-region]
[Huawei-mst-region]act
[Huawei-mst-region]active regi
[Huawei-mst-region]active region-configuration
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-mst-region]
Apr 12 2021 14:40:44-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 13, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-mst-region]
[Huawei-mst-region] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]dis stp bMSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection0    Ethernet0/0/1               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/2               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE0    Ethernet0/0/4               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/1               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/2               ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE1    Ethernet0/0/4               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/1               ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/2               ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/3               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE2    Ethernet0/0/4               DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[Huawei]

dis this 看一下结果符合预期就算成功！！！

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2021年4月9日 MSTP的原理以及实验

MSTP的原理以及实验

MSTP的概念

MSTP的生成背景

MSTP实验

R1

SW1

SW2

SW3

2021年4月9日 MSTP的原理以及实验相关推荐

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