Cocos2d-x 3.2最高支持的VS版本为2012，我在VS2013上编译新建立的项目遇到错误：

错误 1 error C1041: 无法打开程序数据库“x:\cocos2d-x-3.2\projects\hellococo\cocos2d\external\chipmunk\proj.win32\debug.win32\vc120.pdb”；如果要将多个 CL.EXE 写入同一个 .PDB 文件，请使用 /FS

单个项目解决方案

解决方案是为项目添加 /FS (Force Synchronous PDB Writes) 编译选项，具体位置在：

一劳永逸的解决方案

直接修改cocos的项目模板templates\cpp-template-default\proj.win32\HelloCpp.vcxproj为：

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="12.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
3. <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
4. <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
5. <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
6. <Platform>Win32</Platform>
7. </ProjectConfiguration>
8. <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
9. <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
10. <Platform>Win32</Platform>
11. </ProjectConfiguration>
12. </ItemGroup>
13. <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
14. <ProjectGuid>{76A39BB2-9B84-4C65-98A5-654D86B86F2A}</ProjectGuid>
15. <RootNamespace>test_win32</RootNamespace>
16. <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
17. </PropertyGroup>
18. <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
19. <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
20. <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
21. <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
22. <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
23. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '10.0'">v100</PlatformToolset>
24. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '11.0'">v110</PlatformToolset>
25. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '11.0' and exists('$(MSBuildProgramFiles32)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A')">v110_xp</PlatformToolset>
26. <PlatformToolset>v120</PlatformToolset>
27. </PropertyGroup>
28. <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
29. <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
30. <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
31. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '10.0'">v100</PlatformToolset>
32. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '11.0'">v110</PlatformToolset>
33. <PlatformToolset Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == '11.0' and exists('$(MSBuildProgramFiles32)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A')">v110_xp</PlatformToolset>
34. <PlatformToolset>v120</PlatformToolset>
35. </PropertyGroup>
36. <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
37. <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
38. </ImportGroup>
39. <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
40. <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
41. <Import Project="..\cocos2d\cocos\2d\cocos2dx.props" />
42. <Import Project="..\cocos2d\cocos\2d\cocos2d_headers.props" />
43. </ImportGroup>
44. <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
45. <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
46. <Import Project="..\cocos2d\cocos\2d\cocos2dx.props" />
47. <Import Project="..\cocos2d\cocos\2d\cocos2d_headers.props" />
48. </ImportGroup>
49. <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
50. <PropertyGroup>
51. <_ProjectFileVersion>10.0.40219.1</_ProjectFileVersion>
52. <OutDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">$(SolutionDir)$(Configuration).win32\</OutDir>
53. <IntDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">$(Configuration).win32\</IntDir>
54. <LinkIncremental Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">true</LinkIncremental>
55. <OutDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">$(SolutionDir)$(Configuration).win32\</OutDir>
56. <IntDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">$(Configuration).win32\</IntDir>
57. <LinkIncremental Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">false</LinkIncremental>
58. <CodeAnalysisRuleSet Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">AllRules.ruleset</CodeAnalysisRuleSet>
59. <CodeAnalysisRules Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" />
60. <CodeAnalysisRuleAssemblies Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" />
61. <CodeAnalysisRuleSet Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">AllRules.ruleset</CodeAnalysisRuleSet>
62. <CodeAnalysisRules Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" />
63. <CodeAnalysisRuleAssemblies Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" />
64. </PropertyGroup>
65. <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
66. <LibraryPath>$(MSBuildProgramFiles32)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A\lib;$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
67. </PropertyGroup>
68. <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
69. <LibraryPath>$(MSBuildProgramFiles32)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A\lib;$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
70. </PropertyGroup>
71. <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
72. <ClCompile>
73. <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
74. <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(EngineRoot)cocos\audio\include;$(EngineRoot)external;$(EngineRoot)external\chipmunk\include\chipmunk;$(EngineRoot)extensions;..\Classes;..;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
75. <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USE_MATH_DEFINES;GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES;CC_ENABLE_CHIPMUNK_INTEGRATION=1;COCOS2D_DEBUG=1;_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS;_SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
76. <MinimalRebuild>false</MinimalRebuild>
77. <BasicRuntimeChecks>EnableFastChecks</BasicRuntimeChecks>
78. <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebugDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
79. <PrecompiledHeader>
80. </PrecompiledHeader>
81. <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
82. <DebugInformationFormat>EditAndContinue</DebugInformationFormat>
83. <DisableSpecificWarnings>4267;4251;4244;%(DisableSpecificWarnings)</DisableSpecificWarnings>
84. <MultiProcessorCompilation>true</MultiProcessorCompilation>
85. <AdditionalOptions>/FS %(AdditionalOptions)</AdditionalOptions>
86. </ClCompile>
87. <Link>
88. <AdditionalDependencies>%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
89. <OutputFile>$(OutDir)$(ProjectName).exe</OutputFile>
90. <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(OutDir);%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
91. <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
92. <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
93. <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
94. </Link>
95. <PostBuildEvent>
96. <Command>
97. </Command>
98. </PostBuildEvent>
99. <PreLinkEvent>
100. <Command>if not exist "$(OutDir)" mkdir "$(OutDir)"
101. xcopy /Y /Q "$(EngineRoot)external\websockets\prebuilt\win32\*.*" "$(OutDir)"</Command>
102. </PreLinkEvent>
103. </ItemDefinitionGroup>
104. <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
105. <ClCompile>
106. <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
107. <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
108. <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(EngineRoot)cocos\audio\include;$(EngineRoot)external;$(EngineRoot)external\chipmunk\include\chipmunk;$(EngineRoot)extensions;..\Classes;..;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
109. <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USE_MATH_DEFINES;GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES;CC_ENABLE_CHIPMUNK_INTEGRATION=1;_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS;_SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
110. <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
111. <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
112. <PrecompiledHeader>
113. </PrecompiledHeader>
114. <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
115. <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
116. <DisableSpecificWarnings>4267;4251;4244;%(DisableSpecificWarnings)</DisableSpecificWarnings>
117. <MultiProcessorCompilation>true</MultiProcessorCompilation>
118. </ClCompile>
119. <Link>
120. <AdditionalDependencies>libcurl_imp.lib;websockets.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
121. <OutputFile>$(OutDir)$(ProjectName).exe</OutputFile>
122. <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(OutDir);%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
123. <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
124. <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
125. <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
126. <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
127. <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
128. </Link>
129. <PostBuildEvent>
130. <Command>
131. </Command>
132. </PostBuildEvent>
133. <PreLinkEvent>
134. <Command>if not exist "$(OutDir)" mkdir "$(OutDir)"
135. xcopy /Y /Q "$(EngineRoot)external\websockets\prebuilt\win32\*.*" "$(OutDir)"</Command>
136. </PreLinkEvent>
137. </ItemDefinitionGroup>
138. <ItemGroup>
139. <ClCompile Include="..\Classes\AppDelegate.cpp" />
140. <ClCompile Include="..\Classes\HelloWorldScene.cpp" />
141. <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
142. </ItemGroup>
143. <ItemGroup>
144. <ClInclude Include="..\Classes\AppDelegate.h" />
145. <ClInclude Include="..\Classes\HelloWorldScene.h" />
146. <ClInclude Include="main.h" />
147. </ItemGroup>
148. <ItemGroup>
149. <ProjectReference Include="..\cocos2d\cocos\2d\cocos2d.vcxproj">
150. <Project>{98a51ba8-fc3a-415b-ac8f-8c7bd464e93e}</Project>
151. <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
152. </ProjectReference>
153. <ProjectReference Include="..\cocos2d\cocos\audio\proj.win32\CocosDenshion.vcxproj">
154. <Project>{f8edd7fa-9a51-4e80-baeb-860825d2eac6}</Project>
155. </ProjectReference>
156. <ProjectReference Include="..\cocos2d\external\chipmunk\proj.win32\chipmunk.vcxproj">
157. <Project>{207bc7a9-ccf1-4f2f-a04d-45f72242ae25}</Project>
158. </ProjectReference>
159. </ItemGroup>
160. <ItemGroup>
161. <ResourceCompile Include="game.rc" />
162. </ItemGroup>
163. <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
164. <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
165. </ImportGroup>
166. </Project>

这样不仅解决了这个问题，还能避免每次开新项目时的强制升级。

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