有一组任务数据，要把它excel下载下来，如果仅仅导出，用csv导出就很方便。

但是要导出漂亮的样式，重复的地方要合并单元格，设置背影颜色，字体，边框等。而CSV是纯文本格式，不支持设置各种样式。

研究了一天，把代码写了出来。

完整代码如下：

import xlwt

book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')

sheet = book.add_sheet('sheetname')

def set_style(color='white', height=260, bold=False):

#： 设置单元格字体

style = xlwt.XFStyle()

font = xlwt.Font()

# font.name = name

font.bold = bold

font.color_index = 4

font.height = height

style.font = font

# 设置单元格背景颜色

pattern = xlwt.Pattern()

pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN

pattern.pattern_fore_colour = xlwt.Style.colour_map[color]

style.pattern = pattern

#:设置单元格边框线条

borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders

# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR,

# MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED,

# THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED,

# SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.

borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN

borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN

borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN

borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN

style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style

#： 设置单元格居中格式

alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment

# May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED,

# HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED

alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # 横向居中

alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # 纵向居中 May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED

alignment.wrap = xlwt.Alignment.WRAP_AT_RIGHT # ：自动换行

style.alignment = alignment

return style

#：模拟数据

data = [

{

"goal_id": 17,

"goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528",

"goal_progress": 0,

"name": "\u589e\u52a0\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5ef6\u671f\u63d0\u9192\u4e0e\u5c55\u793a\u3002",

"owner": "aaron.yang",

"progress": 0,

"result_id": 26,

"result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf",

"result_progress": 0,

},

{

"goal_id": 17,

"goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528",

"goal_progress": 0,

"name": "task2",

"owner": "aaron.yang",

"progress": 0,

"result_id": 26,

"result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf",

"result_progress": 0,

},

{

"goal_id": 17,

"goal_name": "\u5b9e\u73b0OKR\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e14\u672c\u7ec4\u5185\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\u4f7f\u7528",

"goal_progress": 0,

"name": "task3",

"owner": "aaron.yang",

"progress": 0,

"result_id": 26,

"result_name": "\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3001OKR\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf",

"result_progress": 0,

},

]

# 写入第一行数据

row0 = ['目标名称', '目标进度', '关键结果名称', '关键结果进度', '任务名称', '任务负责人', '任务进度']

sheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'OKR', set_style('purple_ega', height=500))

sheet.write_merge(0, 0, 4, 6, '任务', set_style('cyan_ega', height=500))

# 写入第二行数据

for i in range(0, len(row0)):

sheet.write(1, i, row0[i], set_style('sky_blue'))

# 把需要合并的单元格，统计要合并多少行，以key,value形式缓存起来。

goal_tmp = {}

result_tmp = {}

for task in data:

if task['goal_id'] not in goal_tmp:

goal_tmp[task['goal_id']] = 1

else:

goal_tmp[task['goal_id']] += 1

if task['result_id'] not in result_tmp:

result_tmp[task['result_id']] = 1

else:

result_tmp[task['result_id']] += 1

goal_ids = []

result_ids = []

for index, task in enumerate(data):

index = index + 1

row_start = 1 + index

#： 如果已合并单元格，把id追加到列表，避免重复合并

if task['goal_id'] not in goal_ids:

row_end = index + goal_tmp[task['goal_id']]

sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 0, 0, task['goal_name'], set_style())

sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 1, 1, task['goal_progress'], set_style())

goal_ids.append(task['goal_id'])

if task['result_id'] not in result_ids:

row_end = index + result_tmp[task['result_id']]

sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 2, 2, task['result_name'], set_style())

sheet.write_merge(row_start, row_end, 3, 3, task['result_progress'], set_style('yellow'))

result_ids.append(task['result_id'])

# 写入接下来的几列数据，并根据关键的列设置背景颜色

sheet.write(row_start, 4, task['name'], set_style())

sheet.write(row_start, 5, task['owner'], set_style())

sheet.write(row_start, 6, task['progress'], set_style('yellow'))

#： 设置单元格宽度

sheet.col(0).width = 10000

sheet.col(2).width = 10000

sheet.col(3).width = 4000

sheet.col(4).width = 10000

sheet.col(5).width = 5000

#：写入到文件

book.save('/tmp/bookname.xls')