在项目中日期格式化是最常见的问题，之前涉及的 java.util.Date 和 java.util.Calendar 类易用性差，不支持时区，非线程安全，对日期的计算方式繁琐，而且容易出错，因为月份是从0开始的，从 Calendar 中获取的月份需要加一才能表示当前月份。

在 JDK8 中，一个新的重要特性就是引入了全新的时间和日期API，它被收录在 java.time 包中，借助新的时间和日期API可以以更简洁的方法处理时间和日期。

解决方案

1、注解

（1） @JsonFormat和@DateTimeFormat

@JsonFormat后台到前台的时间格式的转换

@JsonFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",timezone = "GMT+8")

pattern:需要转换的时间日期的格式

timezone：是时间设置为东八区

@DateTimeFormat前后到后台的时间格式的转换

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")

pattern:需要转换的时间日期的格式

@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
private LocalDateTime dateTime;

（2）Controller

@GetMapping("date")
public Object date(@RequestParam @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") LocalDateTime date) {return date;
}@GetMapping("date2")
public Object date(@RequestParam @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") LocalDate date) {return date;
}

2、统一配置

配置文件配置

spring:jackson:date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss

代码配置

RequestParam|PathVariable参数

Converter

@Configuration
public class DateConfig {@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {return new Converter<>() {@Overridepublic LocalDate convert(String source) {return LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));}};}@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {return new Converter<>() {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime convert(String source) {return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));}};}}

使用ControllerAdvice配合initBinder

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDate.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalDate.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")));}});binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDateTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalDateTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));}});binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));}});}
}

JSON格式

定义一个配置类，对ObjectMapper对象进行定制，指定日期类对应的序列化与反序列化处理对象

方案一

@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeFormatConfig {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";@Bean@Primarypublic ObjectMapper objectMapper(){ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;}
}

方案二


@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeSerializerConfig {@Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")private String pattern;@Bean@Primarypublic ObjectMapper serializingObjectMapper() {ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer());javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer());objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;}public class LocalDateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic void serialize(LocalDateTime value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers)throws IOException {gen.writeString(value.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern)));}}public class LocalDateTimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext deserializationContext)throws IOException {return LocalDateTime.parse(p.getValueAsString(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern));}}
}

方案三

/*** @Author ShenTuZhiGang* @Version 1.0.0* @Date 2020-03-29 19:23*/
@Configuration
//@EnableWebMvc
public class CustomWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";/*** 统一输出风格* See {@link com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy} for details.* @param converters*/@Overridepublic void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {for (int i = 0; i < converters.size(); i++) {if (converters.get(i) instanceof MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter) {ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();// 统一返回数据的输出风格objectMapper.setPropertyNamingStrategy(new PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy());objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);objectMapper.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"));JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);converters.set(i, converter);break;}}}
}

3、自定义配置

自定义一个反序列化类

public class DateDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {if (StringUtils.isBlank(jsonParser.getText()))return null;LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.parse(jsonParser.getText(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));return LocalDateTime.of(localDate, LocalTime.MIN);}
}

字段上通过com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize注解指定使用自定义的反序列化类

@JsonDeserialize(using = DateDeserializer.class)
private LocalDateTime updateTime;

4、完整配置

/*** @Author ShenTuZhiGang* @Version 1.0.0* @Date 2020-03-29 19:23*/
@Configuration
//@EnableWebMvc
public class CustomWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";/*** 统一输出风格* See {@link com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy} for details.* @param converters*/@Overridepublic void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {for (int i = 0; i < converters.size(); i++) {if (converters.get(i) instanceof MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter) {MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = (MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter)converters.get(i);ObjectMapper objectMapper = converter.getObjectMapper();// 统一返回数据的输出风格objectMapper.setPropertyNamingStrategy(new PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy());objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);objectMapper.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"));break;}}}/*** LocalDate转换器，用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalDate>() {@Overridepublic LocalDate convert(String source) {return  LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN));}};}/*** LocalDateTime转换器，用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalDateTime>() {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime convert(String source) {return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN));}};}/*** LocalTime转换器，用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalTime> localTimeConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalTime>() {@Overridepublic LocalTime convert(String source) {return LocalTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN));}};}/*** Date转换器，用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, Date> dateConverter() {return new Converter<String, Date>() {@Overridepublic Date convert(String source) {SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);try {return format.parse(source);} catch (ParseException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}};}/*** Json序列化和反序列化转换器，用于转换POST请求体中的json以及将我们的对象序列化为返回响应的json*/@Beanpublic ObjectMapper objectMapper(){ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();objectMapper.disable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS);objectMapper.disable(DeserializationFeature.ADJUST_DATES_TO_CONTEXT_TIME_ZONE);//LocalDateTime系列序列化和反序列化模块，继承自jsr310，我们在这里修改了日期格式JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));//Date序列化和反序列化javaTimeModule.addSerializer(Date.class, new JsonSerializer<Date>() {@Overridepublic void serialize(Date date, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);String formattedDate = formatter.format(date);jsonGenerator.writeString(formattedDate);}});javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(Date.class, new JsonDeserializer<Date>() {@Overridepublic Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException {SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);String date = jsonParser.getText();try {return format.parse(date);} catch (ParseException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}});objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;}}

参考文章

LocalDateTime在spring boot中的格式化配置

Spring Boot（十二）：LocalDateTime格式化处理

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") pattern:需要转换的时间日期的格式

Spring中使用LocalDateTime、LocalDate等参数作为入参数据转换问题

SpringBoot在Controller中接收LocalDate/LocalDateTime

Spring Boot LocalDateTime格式处理

Springboot - 处理LocalDateTime的入参和出参格式

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解决方案

参考文章

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