linux 下安装MySQL

1. 安装必要的组件

1 2	# yum install –y autoconf automake imake libxml2-devel\ expat-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel bzr bison libtool ncurses5-devel

2. 下载解压mysql软件

# cd /usr/local/src

# wget -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/ -O mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz –C ../

# cd /usr/local/

# ln -s mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

3. 创建Mysql用户组和用户，及数据库存放目录：

# mkdir -p /data/mysql_data_3306

# mkdir -p /data/mysql_log

# mkdir -p /data/log-bin

# groupadd mysql

# useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin

# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_data_3306 /data/mysql_log /data/log-bin

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

4. 配置文件（依具体环境）

# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

# GENERAL #

user = mysql

default-storage-engine = InnoDB

socket = /data/mysql_data_3306/mysql.sock

pid-file = /data/mysql_data_3306/mysql.pid

port = 3306

# MyISAM #

key_buffer_size = 1344M

myisam_recover = FORCE,BACKUP

# SAFETY #

max_allowed_packet = 16M

max_connect_errors = 1000000

skip_name_resolve

# DATA STORAGE #

datadir = /data/mysql_data_3306/

long_query_time = 1

# BINARY LOGGING #

log-bin = /data/log-bin/mysql-bin-3306

expire-logs-days = 14

sync-binlog = 1

server-id = 1

max_binlog_size = 500M

# REPLICATION #

relay-log = /data/log-bin/relay-bin-3306

slave-net-timeout = 60

# CACHES AND LIMITS #

tmp_table_size = 32M

max_heap_table_size = 32M

max_connections = 500

thread_cache_size = 50

open_files_limit = 65535

table_definition_cache = 4096

table_open_cache = 4096

# INNODB #

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

innodb_log_file_size = 256M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G

# LOGGING #

log-error = /data/mysql_log/mysql-error-3306.log

log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1

slow-query-log = 1

long_query_time = 1

slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql_log/mysql-slow-3306.log

# FOR SLAVE #

#binlog-format = ROW

#log-slave-updates = true

#gtid-mode = on

#enforce-gtid-consistency = true

#master-info-repository = TABLE

#relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

#sync-master-info = 1

#slave-parallel-workers = 2

#binlog-checksum = CRC32

#master-verify-checksum = 1

#slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1

#binlog-rows-query-log_events = 1

#report-port = 3306

#report-host = 10.1.1.10

5. 系统服务

# cp -af /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_3306

# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld_3306

修改两处位置：

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql_data_3306

执行如下命令

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld_3306

# chkconfig --add mysqld_3306

# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld_3306 on

6. 初始化数据库

1 2	# cd /usr/local/mysql # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

7. 启动数据库进程

1	# service mysqld_3306 start

8. 修改root密码

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -p -uroot -S /data/mysql_data/mysql.sock #这里直接回车就能进入数据库系统

Mysql>deletefrommysql.userwhereuser='';

Mysql>updatemysql.usersetpassword=PASSWORD(‘xxxxxxxx’)whereuser='root';

Mysql>flushprivileges;

9.如果发生错：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

通过创建软连接解决：ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock