0.说明

由于学习开发监控软件的需要，因此需要使用到Redis，这里简单介绍。

注意，使用的环境为：Ubuntu 15.10

1.安装

可以采用源码安装，也可以采用apt-get来安装，都比较简单。

2.启动

由于采用的是源码安装的方式，所以直接进入src目录，启动redis-server：

xpleaf@xpleaf-machine:/mnt/hgfs/Python/day7/redis-2.8.9/src$ ./redis-server
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.964 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.967 # You requested maxclients of 10000 requiring at least 10032 max file descriptors.
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.968 # Redis can't set maximum open files to 10032 because of OS error: Operation not permitted.
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.968 # Current maximum open files is 1024. maxclients has been reduced to 4064 to compensate for low ulimit. If you need higher maxclients increase 'ulimit -n'._._                                                  _.-``__ ''-._                                             _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 2.8.9 (00000000/0) 64 bit.-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in stand alone mode|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379|    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 12681`-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       `-._        _.-'                                           `-.__.-'                                               [12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.974 # Server started, Redis version 2.8.9
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.974 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.976 * DB loaded from disk: 0.002 seconds
[12681] 16 Oct 00:06:52.977 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379

出现上面所示的提示，说明已经正常启动了redis。

3.交互式操作

进入src目录，运行redis-cli即可进入redis交互界面：

xpleaf@xpleaf-machine:/mnt/hgfs/Python/day7/redis-2.8.9/src$ ./redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379>

基本操作：

#查看帮助
127.0.0.1:6379> help setSET key value [EX seconds] [PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]summary: Set the string value of a keysince: 1.0.0group: string#创建key-value
127.0.0.1:6379> set name xpleaf
OK#获得key对应的value
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"xpleaf"#创建有时间的key-value
127.0.0.1:6379> set name2 CL ex 5
OK#创建列表
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush stu_list xpleaf yonghaoye CL
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush stu_list CLYYH
(integer) 4#获取列表内容
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange stu_list 1 4
1) "CL"
2) "yonghaoye"
3) "xpleaf"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange stu_list 0 4
1) "CLYYH"
2) "CL"
3) "yonghaoye"
4) "xpleaf"#删除key-value或其它数据类型
127.0.0.1:6379> del name
(integer) 1

3.在Python交互器中使用redis

• 要使用Python来操作Redistribute，则需要安装Python与Redis通信的接口：

apt-get install python-redis

• 在交互器中连接Redis数据库：

>>> import redis
>>> r = redis.Redis('127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=0)

• 基本操作

#查看所有的key
>>> r.keys()
['YourKey', 'stu_list', 'k1', 'k3']#创建key-value
>>> r.set('xpleaf', 'xpleaf')
True#获取key所对应的value
>>> r['xpleaf']
'xpleaf'
或
>>> r.get('xpleaf')
'xpleaf'#保存Python中的字典到Redis数据库中
>>> import json
>>> myDict = {'name': 'xpleaf', 'age': 21, 'loving': 'cl'}
>>> r['Py_myDict'] = json.dumps(myDict)
>>>
>>> r['Py_myDict']
'{"age": 21, "name": "xpleaf", "loving": "cl"}'#取出保存在Redis数据库中的Python字典
>>> a = json.loads(r['Py_myDict'])
>>> a
{u'age': 21, u'name': u'xpleaf', u'loving': u'cl'}
>>> a['name']
u'xpleaf'