docker教程之从一头雾水到不一头雾水(1)
2024-05-12 17:53:23
一、安装docker
1.搜索docker
[root@node3 ~]# yum search docker Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* base: mirrors.aliyun.com* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ========================================================================== N/S matched: docker =========================================================================== cockpit-docker.x86_64 : Cockpit user interface for Docker containers docker-client.x86_64 : Client side files for Docker docker-client-latest.x86_64 : Client side files for Docker docker-common.x86_64 : Common files for docker and docker-latest docker-distribution.x86_64 : Docker toolset to pack, ship, store, and deliver content docker-latest-logrotate.x86_64 : cron job to run logrotate on Docker containers docker-latest-v1.10-migrator.x86_64 : Calculates SHA256 checksums for docker layer content docker-logrotate.x86_64 : cron job to run logrotate on Docker containers docker-lvm-plugin.x86_64 : Docker volume driver for lvm volumes docker-python.x86_64 : An API client for docker written in Python docker-registry.noarch : Registry server for Docker docker-registry.x86_64 : Registry server for Docker docker-v1.10-migrator.x86_64 : Calculates SHA256 checksums for docker layer content python-docker-py.noarch : An API client for docker written in Python python-docker-pycreds.noarch : Python bindings for the docker credentials store API docker.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications docker-devel.x86_64 : A golang registry for global request variables (source libraries) docker-forward-journald.x86_64 : Forward stdin to journald docker-latest.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications docker-novolume-plugin.x86_64 : Block container starts with local volumes defined docker-unit-test.x86_64 : Automates deployment of containerized applications - for running unit tests oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 : OCI systemd hook for docker oci-umount.x86_64 : OCI umount hook for docker skopeo.x86_64 : Inspect Docker images and repositories on registriesName and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
2.安装docker
[root@node3 ~]# yum install -y docker Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* base: mirrors.aliyun.com* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: docker-common = 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64 .... .... ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update --> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved==========================================================================================================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================================================================================================== Installing:docker x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos extras 14 M Updating:selinux-policy-targeted noarch 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 updates 6.4 Msystemd x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 5.2 M Installing for dependencies:container-selinux noarch 2:2.19-2.1.el7 extras 28 kdocker-client x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos extras 3.2 Mdocker-common x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos extras 77 koci-register-machine x86_64 1:0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7 extras 1.0 Moci-systemd-hook x86_64 1:0.1.7-4.gite533efa.el7 extras 30 kskopeo-containers x86_64 1:0.1.20-2.el7 extras 7.8 k Updating for dependencies:libgudev1 x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 77 klibselinux x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 161 klibselinux-devel x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 186 klibselinux-python x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 234 klibselinux-utils x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 151 klibsemanage x86_64 2.5-5.1.el7_3 updates 144 klibsemanage-python x86_64 2.5-5.1.el7_3 updates 104 klibsepol x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 288 klibsepol-devel x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 74 kpolicycoreutils x86_64 2.5-11.el7_3 updates 841 kpolicycoreutils-python x86_64 2.5-11.el7_3 updates 445 kselinux-policy noarch 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 updates 414 ksetools-libs x86_64 3.3.8-1.1.el7 base 612 ksystemd-libs x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 369 ksystemd-python x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 110 ksystemd-sysv x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 64 kTransaction Summary ========================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+ 6 Dependent packages) Upgrade 2 Packages (+16 Dependent packages)Total size: 34 M Total download size: 33 M Downloading packages: Delta RPMs reduced 7.0 M of updates to 3.9 M (43% saved) (1/18): policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7_2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64.drpm | 259 kB 00:00:00 (2/18): policycoreutils-2.2.5-20.el7_2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64.drpm | 433 kB 00:00:00 (3/18): systemd-libs-219-19.el7_219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64.drpm | 170 kB 00:00:00 (4/18): systemd-python-219-19.el7_219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64.drpm | 80 kB 00:00:00 (5/18): container-selinux-2.19-2.1.el7.noarch.rpm | 28 kB 00:00:00 (6/18): docker-client-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 3.2 MB 00:00:03 (7/18): docker-common-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00 (8/18): libgudev1-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00 (9/18): libsemanage-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm | 144 kB 00:00:00 (10/18): libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm | 104 kB 00:00:00 (11/18): systemd-219-19.el7_219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64.drpm | 3.0 MB 00:00:04 (12/18): oci-register-machine-0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (13/18): oci-systemd-hook-0.1.7-4.gite533efa.el7.x86_64.rpm | 30 kB 00:00:00 (14/18): skopeo-containers-0.1.20-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 7.8 kB 00:00:00 (15/18): selinux-policy-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch.rpm | 414 kB 00:00:00 (16/18): systemd-sysv-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64.rpm | 64 kB 00:00:00 (17/18): selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch.rpm | 6.4 MB 00:00:06 (18/18): docker-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:00:14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 2.0 MB/s | 30 MB 00:00:14 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transactionUpdating : libsepol-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 1/43 Updating : libselinux-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 .... .... 42/43 Verifying : policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 43/43 Installed:docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos Dependency Installed:container-selinux.noarch 2:2.19-2.1.el7 docker-client.x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos docker-common.x86_64 2:1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos oci-register-machine.x86_64 1:0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7 oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 1:0.1.7-4.gite533efa.el7 skopeo-containers.x86_64 1:0.1.20-2.el7 Updated:selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 systemd.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 Dependency Updated:libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 libselinux.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libsemanage.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7 systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 Complete! [root@node3 ~]#
二、启动docker
1.启动命令
[root@node3 ~]# systemctl start docker
2.查看状态
[root@node3 ~]# systemctl status docker ● docker.service - Docker Application Container EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Mon 2017-08-14 14:34:05 CST; 4s agoDocs: http://docs.docker.comMain PID: 14321 (dockerd-current)CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service├─14321 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdri...└─14335 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --shim docker-containerd-shim --metrics-interval=0... Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.414920983+08:00" level=info msg="Graph migration to content-addressability took 0.00 seconds" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.415711385+08:00" level=warning msg="mountpoint for pids not found" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.416487662+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start." Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.429707075+08:00" level=info msg="Firewalld running: false" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.638641730+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP addr...P address" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.780057349+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done." Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.780334779+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.780367237+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit="88a4867/1.12.6" graphdriver=d...ion=1.12.6 Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 dockerd-current[14321]: time="2017-08-14T14:34:05.790544331+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock" Aug 14 14:34:05 node3 systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full. [root@node3 ~]#
3.查看版本
[root@node3 ~]# docker -version Client:Version: 1.12.6API version: 1.24Package version: docker-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64Go version: go1.7.4Git commit: 88a4867/1.12.6Built: Mon Jul 3 16:02:02 2017OS/Arch: linux/amd64Server:Version: 1.12.6API version: 1.24Package version: docker-1.12.6-32.git88a4867.el7.centos.x86_64Go version: go1.7.4Git commit: 88a4867/1.12.6Built: Mon Jul 3 16:02:02 2017OS/Arch: linux/amd64 [root@node3 ~]#
4.查看docker信息
[root@node3 ~]# docker info Containers: 0Running: 0Paused: 0Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 1.12.6 Storage Driver: devicemapperPool Name: docker-8:1-268507886-poolPool Blocksize: 65.54 kBBase Device Size: 10.74 GBBacking Filesystem: xfsData file: /dev/loop0Metadata file: /dev/loop1Data Space Used: 11.8 MBData Space Total: 107.4 GBData Space Available: 23.1 GBMetadata Space Used: 581.6 kBMetadata Space Total: 2.147 GBMetadata Space Available: 2.147 GBThin Pool Minimum Free Space: 10.74 GBUdev Sync Supported: trueDeferred Removal Enabled: falseDeferred Deletion Enabled: falseDeferred Deleted Device Count: 0Data loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/dataWARNING: Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Use `--storage-opt dm.thinpooldev` to specify a custom block storage device.Metadata loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/metadataLibrary Version: 1.02.107-RHEL7 (2015-10-14) Logging Driver: journald Cgroup Driver: systemd Plugins:Volume: localNetwork: null overlay host bridge Swarm: inactive Runtimes: docker-runc runc Default Runtime: docker-runc Security Options: seccomp selinux Kernel Version: 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 Number of Docker Hooks: 2 CPUs: 32 Total Memory: 125.8 GiB Name: node3 ID: VGL7:LAHR:ETDZ:M7A7:AGJG:HHLV:H4AR:3DY4:3DEA:ZHK4:4DI6:UUZG Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled Insecure Registries:127.0.0.0/8 Registries: docker.io (secure) [root@node3 ~]#
5.开机自启动
$ sudo chkconfig docker on
三、卸载docker
1.列出已安装的包
$ yum list installed | grep docker yum list installed | grep docker docker-engine.x86_64 1.7.1-1.el7 @/docker-engine-1.7.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2.删除安装包
$ sudo yum -y remove docker-engine.x86_64
3.删除镜像/容器等
$ rm -rf /var/lib/docker
四、安装docker镜像
1.docker镜像地址
官方：https://hub.docker.com/
国内网易：https://c.163.com/hub#/m/home/
2.安装centos镜像
以官方地址为例，打开网址，首页搜索centos，点击第一个，因为star最多嘛
复制右上角的命令到命令行执行
[root@ichz ~]# docker pull centos Using default tag: latest Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos 7dc0dca2b151: Pull complete Digest: sha256:b67d21dfe609ddacf404589e04631d90a342921e81c40aeaf3391f6717fa5322 Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest [root@ichz ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/centos latest 49f7960eb7e4 9 days ago 200 MB
好了，centos镜像就安装好了。
参考文章
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78886986
https://blog.csdn.net/a527219336/article/details/50800181
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