parted磁盘分区方式：通常我们用的比较多的一般都是fdisk工具来进行分区，但是现在由于磁盘越来越

廉价，而且磁盘空间越来越大;而fdisk工具他对分区是有大小限制的，它只能划分小于2T的磁盘。但是

现在的磁盘空间很多都已经是远远大于2T了，甚至达到2.5T和3T,就需要通过Parted工具来实现对GPT磁

盘进行分区操作。

GUID磁碟分割表（GUID Partition Table，缩写：GPT）其含义为“全局唯一标识磁盘分区表”，是一

个实体硬盘的分区表的结构布局的标准。它是可扩展固件接口标准（被Intel用于替代个人计算机的

BIOS）的一部分，被用于替代BIOS系统中的一32bits来存储逻辑块地址和大小信息的主开机纪录（MBR）

分区表。

GPT格式的磁盘相当于原来MBR磁盘中原来保留4个partition table的4*16个字节，只留第一个16个字

节，类似于扩展分区，真正的partitiontable在512字节之后，GPT磁盘没有四个主分区的限制。

parted命令详解

用法：parted [选项]... [设备 [命令 [参数]...]...]

将带有“参数”的命令应用于“设备”。如果没有给出“命令”，则以交互模式运行.

帮助选项：

-h, --help                    显示此求助信息

-l, --list                    列出所有设备的分区信息

-i, --interactive             在必要时，提示用户

-s, --script                  从不提示用户

-v, --version                 显示版本

help                    #打印通用求助信息，或关于 COMMAND 的信息

mklabel 标签类型             #创建新的磁盘标签 (分区表)

mkfs  创建文件系统类型        #在创建类型为“文件系统类型”的文件系统

mkpart 分区类型 [文件系统类型]    #创建一个分区

mkpartfs 分区类型 文件系统类型     #创建一个带有文件系统的分区

move  起始点 终止点           #移动编号为的分区

name  名称                  #将编号为的分区命名为“名称”

print                       #打印分区表，或者分区

quit                       #退出程序

rescue 起始点 终止点             #挽救临近“起始点”、“终止点”的遗失的分区

resize  起始点 终止点           #改变位于编号为的分区中文件系统的大小

rm                         #删除编号为 MINOR 的分区

select 设备                   #选择要编辑的设备

set标志 状态                  #改变编号为的分区的标志

操作：

1、使用方法

1.1 进入Parted的方法(在命令行输入Parted命令即可)

[root@localhost /]# parted
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)

1.2 获取parted工具帮助的方法：(只需输入help即可)

(parted) help                                                             align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignmentcheck NUMBER                             do a simple check on the file systemcp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER   copy file system to another partitionhelp [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMANDmklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)

…………

OPTIONs:-h, --help displays this help message-i, --interactive where necessary, prompts for userintervention-l, --list lists partition tables ofall detected devices-s, --script never prompts for userintervention-v, --version displays the version

…………

-h, --help                    显示此求助信息

-l, --list                    列出所有设备的分区信息

-i, --interactive             在必要时，提示用户

-s, --script                  从不提示用户

-v, --version                 显示版本

此处与fdisk基本一致，都是在命令菜单内部，输入命令

1.3 退出parted工具(只需输入quit即可)

(parted) quit
[root@localhost /]#

2、通过parted工具对磁盘进行操作

2.1查看单个磁盘状态 parted /dev/sdc(我用的是额外新增的一块硬盘c)

[root@localhost ~]# ll /dev
......
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,   0 Mar 13 21:13 sda
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,   1 Mar 13 21:13 sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,   2 Mar 13 21:13 sda2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  16 Mar 13 21:15 sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  17 Mar 13 21:13 sdb1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  18 Mar 13 21:13 sdb2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  19 Mar 13 21:13 sdb3
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  20 Mar 13 21:13 sdb4
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  21 Mar 13 21:13 sdb5
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  22 Mar 13 21:13 sdb6
brw-rw---- 1 root disk      8,  32 Mar 13 21:13 sdc
......

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdc
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)

2.2退出再执行：parted -l,可列出所有磁盘的状态

[root@localhost ~]# parted -l
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 129GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdosNumber  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags1      1049kB  211MB   210MB   primary  ext4         boot2      211MB   64.6GB  64.4GB  primary               lvmModel: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdosNumber  Start   End     Size    Type      File system  Flags1      32.3kB  10.7GB  10.7GB  primary2      10.7GB  21.5GB  10.7GB  primary

2.3通过parted工具来创建大于2T的分区

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdc
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)

接着创建磁盘标签

(parted) mklabel
New disk label type? gpt      #此处设置类型
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 1095GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gptNumber  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags(parted)

使用mkpart命令进行分区和设置文件系统类型

(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? gpt2     #名字
File system type?  [ext2]? ext3 #文件系统类型
Start? 1                         #从哪开始
End? 300G                  到哪结束，可以用大小
(parted) p                 #查看列表
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 1095GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gptNumber  Start   End    Size   File system  Name  Flags1      1049kB  300GB  300GB               gpt2

(parted) Q                                       #退出
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.  #不要忘记更新/etc/fstab

通过mkpart命令可以创建多个分区，part1,part2,part3,……

(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? gpt2
File system type?  [ext2]? ext4
Start? 300G
End? 600G
(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? gpt3
File system type?  [ext2]? ext4
Start? ^C
(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? gpt3
File system type?  [ext2]? xfs
Start? 600
End? -1
Warning: You requested a partition from 600MB to 1095GB.  #仔细
The closest location we can manage is 600GB to 1095GB.
Is this still acceptable to you?
Yes/No? n
(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? gpt3
File system type?  [ext2]? xfs         #创建了一个XFS
Start? 600G
End? -1
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 1095GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gptNumber  Start   End     Size   File system  Name  Flags1      1049kB  300GB   300GB               gpt22      300GB   600GB   300GB               gpt23      600GB   1095GB  495GB               gpt3(parted)                #多分区结束

通过parted删除分区命令:

Number  Start   End     Size   File system  Name  Flags1      1049kB  300GB   300GB               gpt22      300GB   600GB   300GB               gpt23      600GB   1095GB  495GB               gpt3(parted) rm 3
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 1095GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gptNumber  Start   End    Size   File system  Name  Flags1      1049kB  300GB  300GB               gpt22      300GB   600GB  300GB               gpt2(parted)

通过parted工具来创建文件系统：

(parted) mkfs 2ext3
WARNING: you are attempting to use parted to operate on (mkfs) a file system.
parted's file system manipulation code is not as robust as what you'll find in
dedicated, file-system-specific packages like e2fsprogs.  We recommend
you use parted only to manipulate partition tables, whenever possible.
Support for performing most operations on most types of file systems
will be removed in an upcoming release.
Warning: The existing file system will be destroyed and all data on the partition will be lost. Do you want to continue?
parted: invalid token: 2ext3
Yes/No? y
Partition number? 2
File system type?  [ext2]? ext3
No Implementation: Support for creating ext3 file systems is not implemented yet.
(parted) mkfs 2ext2
WARNING: you are attempting to use parted to operate on (mkfs) a file system.
parted's file system manipulation code is not as robust as what you'll find in
dedicated, file-system-specific packages like e2fsprogs.  We recommend
you use parted only to manipulate partition tables, whenever possible.
Support for performing most operations on most types of file systems
will be removed in an upcoming release.
Warning: The existing file system will be destroyed and all data on the partition will be lost. Do you want to continue?
parted: invalid token: 2ext2
Yes/No? y
Partition number? 2
File system type?  [ext2]?

上面有犯的几个错误，我也列在里面了，改正

关于挂载同fdisk,实在不愿意写了，用mount umount命令，需要注意的事：第一，需要事先存在的目

录，第二，此目录最好以后用不到，第三如果目录里面有文件，可能会被隐藏

注意：比fdisk多了个功能，就是可以恢复删除掉的分区

rm 2
rescue   #可以用来对刚刚删除的分区进行恢复，并且可以把数据一同恢复出来

check命令的使用：

check 1    #对分区的检查

(parted) check 1
WARNING: you are attempting to use parted to operate on (check) a file system.
parted's file system manipulation code is not as robust as what you'll find in
dedicated, file-system-specific packages like e2fsprogs.  We recommend
you use parted only to manipulate partition tables, whenever possible.
Support for performing most operations on most types of file systems
will be removed in an upcoming release.
Error: Could not detect file system.
(parted)