1. 类的基本使用
2. 专有方法
3. 继承
   1. 单重继承
   2. 多重继承
   3. 砖石继承

class person:"person 类的描述信息"def __init__(self,name="",age=0):self.name = nameself.age = agedef setName(self,name):'''设置名称'''self.name = namedef getName(self):'''获取名称'''return self.namedef setAge(self,age):self.age = agedef getAge(self):return self.agedef __del__(self):print("person (name:"+self.name+",age:"+str(self.age)+") is deleting")p = person("jame",12);
#Output:jame
print(p.getName())
#效果和下面的调用方式是一样的
#person.getName(p)#Output:12
print(p.getAge())
#效果和下面的调用方式是一样的
#person.getAge(self)#Output: person 类的描述信息
print(p.__doc__)#输出person类的帮助信息
print(help(person))del p

jame
12
person (name:jame,age:12) is deleting
person 类的描述信息
Help on class person in module __main__:class person(builtins.object)|  person 类的描述信息|  |  Methods defined here:|
...

class Person:type = "哺乳类"def __init__(self,name,age):self.name = nameself.age = agep = Person("luyis",13)
#通过类名调用类属性
print(Person.type)
#通过对象调用类属性
print(p.type)

import time
class TimeTest:def __init__(self):pass#静态方法
    @staticmethoddef show_time():print(time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))TimeTest.show_time()

class ClassTest:num = 0def __init__(self,num):ClassTest.num = num#类方法
    @classmethoddef showNum(cls):print(cls.num)c = ClassTest(20)
#通过类直接调用
ClassTest.showNum()
#通过实例对象调用
c.showNum()

class Person:#__type是私有成员__type = "哺乳类"def __init__(self,name="",age=0,country="中国"):#__name,__age是私有成员self.__name = nameself.__age = ageself.__setcountry(country)def get_name(self):return self.__namedef get_age(self):return self.__agedef set_name(self,name):self.__name = namedef set_age(self,age):self.__age = age#__setcountry是私有函数def __setcountry(self,cty):self.country = cty@classmethoddef get_type(cls):return cls.__type@classmethoddef set_type(cls,type):cls.__type = typep = Person("jame",21)
print(p.get_name())
print(p.get_age())
print("--------------------")p.set_name("charlse")
p.set_age(31)
print(p.get_name())
print(p.get_age())
print("-------------------")print(Person.get_type())
print("------------------")Person.set_type("灵长类")
print(Person.get_type())

jame
21
--------------------
charlse
31
-------------------
哺乳类
------------------
灵长类

class Person:#__type是私有成员__type = "哺乳类"def __init__(self,name="",age=0):#__name,__age是私有成员self.__name = nameself.__age = agep = Person("Emma",32);
#直接访问私有成员的值
print(p._Person__type)
print(p._Person__name)
print(p._Person__age)#直接修改私有成员的值
p._Person__age = 33
p._Person__name = "Angela"
p._Person__type = "灵长类"print("-------------------")
print(p._Person__type)
print(p._Person__name)
print(p._Person__age)

哺乳类
Emma
32
-------------------
灵长类
Angela
33

>>> y = 'a string'
>>> repr(y)
"'a string'"
>>> str(y)
'a string'

>>> y == eval(repr(y))
True
>>> y == eval(str(y))
Traceback (most recent call last):File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>File "<string>", line 1a string^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing

class person:def __init__(self,name="",age=0):self.__name = nameself.__age = agedef __str__(self):return "name:%s,age:%d"%(self.__name,self.__age)def __repr__(self):return "person(name='%s',age=%d)"%(self.__name,self.__age)p = person("jame",12)
#Output: name:jame,age=12
print(str(p))#same as print(p)#Output: person(name='jame',age=12)
print(repr(p))p2 = eval(repr(p))
#Output: name:jame,age=12
print(p2)

class DicDecorate:def __init__(self,dic):self.__dic = dicdef __getitem__(self,key):return self.__dic[key]def __setitem__(self,key,val):self.__dic[key] = valdicdec = DicDecorate({})dicdec[0] = "hello"
dicdec[1] = "word"print(dicdec[0])
print(dicdec[1])

lass DicDecorate:def __init__(self,dic):self.__dic = dicdef __len__(self):return len(self.__dic);dicdec = DicDecorate({})
print(len(dicdec))

class Entity:def __init__(self, x, y):self.x, self.y = x, ydef __call__(self, x, y):self.x, self.y = x, ydef __str__(self):return "x=%s,y=%s"%(self.x,self.y)e = Entity(2, 3) # 创建实例
if(callable(e)):e(4, 5) #实例可以象函数那样执行，并传入x y值，修改对象的x y
#Output:x=4,y=5
print(e)

class Vector:def __init__(self, a, b):self.a = aself.b = bdef __str__(self):return 'Vector (%d, %d)' % (self.a, self.b)def __add__(self,other):return Vector(self.a + other.a, self.b + other.b)v1 = Vector(2,10)
v2 = Vector(5,-2)
print (v1 + v2)

class ClassName1(ClassName2):statement

class Shape:def __init__(self,type,area):self.type = typeself.area = areadef describe(self):return "Share type:%s,area=%f"%(self.type,self.area)
class Square(Shape):def __init__(self,area):super().__init__("square",area);
square = Square(12.1)
print(square.describe())

class ClassName1(ClassName2,ClassName3,ClassName4...):statement

class A:def test(self):print("I am in Class A");
class B:def test(self):print("I am in Class B");class C(A,B):def __call__(self):#调用A类中的test方法
        self.test()#可以通过类名显示指定调用B类中的test方法
        B.test(self)class D(B,A):def __call__(self):#调用B类的test方法
        self.test()#通过类名显示指定要调用A类中的test方法
    A.test(self)c = C()
c()
print("---------------");
d = D()
d()

I am in Class A
I am in Class B
-----------------
I am in Class B
I am in Class A

class A:def test(self):print("I am in Class A");
class B(A):def test(self):A.test(self);print("I am in Class B")
class C(A):def test(self):A.test(self);print("I am in Class C");class D(B,C):def test(self):B.test(self)C.test(self)print("I am in Class D")d = D()
d.test()

I am in Class A
I am in Class B
I am in Class A
I am in Class C
I am in Class D

class A:def test(self):print("I am in Class A")
class B(A):def test(self):super().test() #不能替换为A.test(self)print("I am in Class B")
class C(A):def test(self):super().test()print("I am in Class C")class D(B,C):def test(self):super().test() #可以替换为B.test(self)print("I am in Class D")d = D()
d.test()

I am in Class A
I am in Class C
I am in Class B
I am in Class D

class A:def test(self):print("I am in Class A")
class B(A):def test(self):C.test(self)#调用C
class C(A):def test(self):A.test(self)#调用A
class D(B,C):def test(self):B.test(self)#调用B