实验环境:服务器端server: willis.com   172.25.254.1客户端desktop:  desktop.com   172.25.254.2
实验内容: 1.邮件远程发送2.邮件别名3.邮件群发4.空壳邮件服务搭建5.不同服务器之间邮件传送(DNS邮件解析)6.出栈地址伪装              7.客户端主机名/地址限制 :(通过IP限制发件)  8.通过发件人地址进行限制 :(通过地址限制发件)9.通过收件人地址进行过滤 :(限制收件)         

1.邮件远程发送1.1服务端                 1.1-1   systemctl stop firewalldyum install postfix        1.1-2vim /etc/postfix/main.cf         mydomain = willis.com          #收件方看到的方邮件方主机名        myorigin = $mydomain        inet_interfaces = all          #开启接口       #inet_interfaces = localhost   #关闭只允许本地访问        mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost  #   1.1-3.systemctl restart  postfix        netstat antlpe |grep master  #查看端口
[root@willis ~]# netstat -antple |grep master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      0          43632      2497/master
tcp6       0      0 :::25                   :::*                    LISTEN      0          43633      2497/master         

   1.2.远程发送端(客户端)
[root@desktop ~]# yum install telnet -y
[root@desktop ~]# telnet 172.25.254.1 25
Trying 172.25.254.1...
Connected to 172.25.254.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 linux.com ESMTP Postfixehlo hello250-linux.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
2.邮件别名       2.1.vim /etc/aliases       最后添加  admin:    root    ###给root一个别名为admin    2.2.postalias /etc/aliases     ###重读别名文件     2.3.systemctl restart  postfix     2.4.id admin       ###可查看到admin用户不存在       mail admin     ###相当于给root用户发送邮件       mail        ###查看root用户的邮件[root@willis ~]# vim /etc/aliases
[root@willis ~]# postalias  /etc/aliases
[root@willis ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@willis ~]# id willis
id: willis: no such user
[root@willis ~]# mail willis
Subject: hello
hello , my name is willis,how are you.
.
EOT
[root@willis ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 10:36  18/567   "hello"
& 1
Message  1:
From root@willis.com  Fri Sep  9 10:36:54 2016
Return-Path: <root@willis.com>
X-Original-To: willis
Delivered-To: willis@willis.com
Date: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 10:36:54 +0800
To: willis@willis.com
Subject: hello
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@willis.com (root)
Status: R
hello , my name is willis,how are you.
& q
Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root

 3.邮件群发  1.vim /etc/postfix/moreuser      root      student    2.vim /etc/aliases      最后添加 more:  :include:/etc/postfix/moreuser    3.postalias /etc/aliases   4.systemctl restart  postfix    5.mail more       ###群发邮件      mail         ###查看root用户的邮件      mail -u student ###查看student用户的邮件  [root@willis ~]# >/var/spool/mail/root
[root@willis ~]# useradd student
[root@willis ~]# vim /etc/postfix/moreuserrootstudent
[root@willis ~]# vim /etc/aliases
[root@willis ~]# postalias /etc/aliases
[root@willis ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@willis ~]# mail more
Subject: hello-world
hello world.
.
EOT
[root@willis ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 10:42  21/661   "hello-world"
& q
Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@willis ~]# mail -u student
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/student": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 10:42  21/664   "hello-world"
& q
Held 1 message in /var/mail/student
4.空壳邮件服务搭建    4.1.在desktop(另外一台仅中转邮件的服务器,空壳端)上  postconf -e "inet_interfaces = all"  postconf -e "mydomain = willis.com"  postconf -e 'myorigin = $mydomain'  postconf -e "mydestination = "  postconf -e "relayhost = 172.25.254.1"  postconf -e "local_transport = error:local delivery disabled "  systemctl restart postfix.service
(附注:火墙要关闭systemctl stop firewalld  selinux要置0 setenforce 0 )[root@desktop ~]# postconf -e "mydomain = willis.com"
[root@desktop ~]# postconf -e 'myorigin = $mydomain'
[root@desktop ~]# postconf -e "mydestination = "
[root@desktop ~]#  postconf -e "relayhost = 172.25.254.1"
[root@desktop ~]# postconf -e "local_transport = error:local delivery disabled "
[root@desktop ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service     4.2.在主服务器server上  postconf -e "mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 172.25.254.0/24" #接受来自那个网段的邮件  systemctl restart postfix.service
(附注:火墙要关闭systemctl stop firewalld        selinux要置0 setenforce 0 )[root@willis ~]# postconf -e "mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 172.25.254.0/24"
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@willis ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service 4.3.实验验证    在desktop(另外一台仅中转邮件的服务器)上(> /var/log/maillog       ###清空邮件日志)   mail root    ###发送文件[root@desktop ~]# >/var/log/maillog
[root@desktop ~]# mail root
Subject: beautiful world
Threr are many beautiful things.
.
EOT
[root@desktop ~]# mail
No mail for root在主服务器server上( > /var/spool/mail/root ###清空邮件)   mail         ###查看文件
[root@willis ~]# >/var/spool/mail/root
[root@willis ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 10:54  21/756   "beautiful world"
& q
Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root

5.不同服务器之间的邮件传送(DNS邮件解析记录)   将前面做实验的环境恢复到初始状态。vim /etc/postfix/main.cf         mydomain = willis.com                 myorigin = $mydomain        inet_interfaces = all                #inet_interfaces = localhost          mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost   5-1server端配置dns
hostnamectl set-hostname mail.willis.com
安装DNS:yum install bind -y1)vim /etc/resolv.conf    search willis.comnameserver 172.25.254.12)vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zoneszone "willis.com" IN {type master;file "willis.com.zone";allow-update { none; };
};

zone "redhat.com" IN {type master;file "redhat.com.zone";allow-update { none; };
};3)cd /var/named/   cp -p named.localhost willis.com.zone4)vim willis.com.zone$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  dns.willis.com. root. (0       ; serial1D      ; refresh1H      ; retry1W      ; expire3H )    ; minimumNS      dns.willis.com.
dns     A       172.25.254.1
willis.com.  MX 1    172.25.254.1.5)cp -p willis.com.zone redhat.com.zone     vim redhat.com.zone$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  dns.redhat.com. root. (0       ; serial1D      ; refresh1H      ; retry1W      ; expire3H )    ; minimumNS      dns.redhat.com.
dns     A       172.25.254.1
redhat  MX 1    172.25.254.2.                             6)systemctl start named 5-2 . desktop端配置hostnamectl set-hostname mail.redhat.com      1)vim /etc/resolv.conf    search   redhat.com      nameserver  172.25.254.1 2)测试      mail root@willis.com     mail root@redhat.com
[root@mail ~]# mail root@willis.com
Subject: hello-willis
hello . you are a good boy.
.
EOT
[root@mail ~]# mail root@redhat.com
Subject: hello goog boy
Are you ok now?
.
EOT
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@mail ~]# mail
[root@mail ~]# mail root@redhat.com
Subject: hello good boy.
Are you OK now?
.
EOT
[root@mail ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 12:24  18/569   "hello good boy."
& 1
Message  1:
From root@redhat.com  Fri Sep  9 12:24:07 2016
Return-Path: <root@redhat.com>
X-Original-To: root@redhat.com
Delivered-To: root@redhat.com
Date: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 12:24:07 +0800
To: root@redhat.com
Subject: hello good boy.
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@redhat.com (root)
Status: R

Are you OK now?

   6.出栈地址伪装6.1服务器端(伪装端)vim /etc/postfix/generic增加root@willis.com     admin@hello.compostmap generic        ###生成generic.db文件postconf -d | grep genericpostconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"systemctl restart postfix.service测试        mail root@redhat.com[root@willis postfix]# mail root@redhat.com
Subject: hello.
你好呀
.
EOT    6.2 接受端[root@mail ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Fri Sep  9 12:47  21/733   "hello."
& 1
Message  1:
From admin@hello.com  Fri Sep  9 12:47:10 2016
Return-Path: <admin@hello.com>
X-Original-To: root@redhat.com
Delivered-To: root@redhat.com
Date: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 12:47:11 +0800
To: root@redhat.com
Subject: hello.
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
From: admin@hello.com (root)
Status: R

你好呀

7.客户端主机名/地址限制 :(通过IP限制发件)  postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access"  vim /etc/postfox/main.cf
smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access, vim /etc/postfox/access      192.168.0.4   REJECT     192.168.0     REJECT postmap access  systemctl restart postfix
8.通过发件人地址进行限制 :(通过地址限制发件)  postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender"  vim /etc/postfox/main.cf      smtpd_sender_restrictions =check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender vim /etc/postfix/sender         user@exmaple.com REJECT(OK、RELAY) postmap sender systemctl restart postfix9.通过收件人地址进行过滤 :(限制收件)postconf -e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recipient"   vim /etc/postfox/main.cf    smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recipient  vim /etc/postfix/recipient    user@example.com  REJECT(OK、RELAY,DISCARDED) postmap recipient

本文转自willis_sun 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/willis/1851049,如需转载请自行联系原作者

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