查看源库的控制文件信息：

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl

源库的数据文件信息：

SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_catalog.dbf

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/dave01.dbf

源库在线重做日志文件：

SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

GROUP#MEMBER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log

假设路径有不同的地方则须要进行相关操作

在源数据库上用rman备份数据库，包含数据库

[oracle@vick ~]$ mkdir  /u01/backup

[oracle@vick ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> run {
2> allocate channel c1 device type disk;
3> backup incremental level 0
4> format '/u01/backup/db_full_%U.bkp'
5> tag '2014-11-14-FULL'
6> database plus archivelog;
7> release channel c1;
8> }

RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/u01/backup/control20141114 .bak';

RMAN> backup spfile format '/u01/backup/spfile20141114.bak';

二、在目标主机上复制备份数据。并准备好相关文件夹

将备份传到目标主机

[oracle@vick backup]$ scp * 192.168.1.10:/u01/backup

db_full_3kpnjk76_1_1.bkp                                     100%  148MB  11.4MB/s   00:13    
db_full_3lpnjk7l_1_1.bkp                                     100% 1103MB   7.8MB/s   02:22

control20141114 .bak                                         100% 9664KB   9.4MB/s   00:01    
spfile20141114.bak                                           100%   96KB  96.0KB/s   00:00

创建相关文件夹

[oracle@rman orcl]$ mkdir {adump,bdump,cdump,dpdump,udump,pfile}

[oracle@rman ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl

[oracle@rman ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL

创建password文件：

[oracle@rman dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle

创建initorcl.ora文件

[oracle@rman ~]$ echo 'db_name=orcl'>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora

异机恢复-->下面操作在目标主机运行

设置DBID

查看寻源主机DBID

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

DBID
----------
1387254920

[oracle@rman dbs]$ rman target /

RMAN> set dbid 1387254920

executing command: SET DBID

MAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     217157632 bytes

Fixed Size                     2251816 bytes
Variable Size                159384536 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5189632 bytes

恢复參数文件

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/backup/spfile20141114.bak';

Starting restore at 14-NOV-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/backup/spfile20141114.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 14-NOV-14

重新启动nomout
RMAN> startup nomount force;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area     613797888 bytes

Fixed Size                     2255712 bytes
Variable Size                427820192 bytes
Database Buffers             180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers                   3366912 bytes

恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/backup/control20141114 .bak';
Starting restore at 14-NOV-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 14-NOV-14

RMAN> startup mount

RMAN>restore database；

假设这一步没法运行能够使用list incarnation产看相关信息。切换一下再运行

reset database to incarnation XX；

RMAN> recover database;

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 11/14/2014 22:19:36
RMAN-06053: unable to perform media recovery because of missing log
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 and starting SCN of 1208284

这一步居然报错了。后来我发现没有运行catalog

然后我运行了catalog start with ‘/u01/backup/’；

完了再次运行recover

可是还是出错现了相同的错误

然后我运行list backup of archivelog all查看后，运行了下面脚本就好了

RMAN> run {
2> set until scn 1208284;
3> recover database;
4> }

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 14-NOV-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 14-NOV-14

然后登陆数据库运行

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19751: could not create the change tracking file
ORA-19750: change tracking file:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ORCL/changetracking/o1_mf_b51rj77x_.chg'
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

又出错了，我就去/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ORCL/changetracking/文件夹查看没有这个文件夹

然后我运行了

SQL>ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;

然后关闭数据库shutdown immediate。

再运行startup；

数据库成功启动

搞这个异机恢复，第一次搞了2天，头都大了，好多解决方法都没用。以上为个人遇到的问题，希望对一些遇到同类问题的朋友有帮助

改变change tracking file的位置
1) 不关闭数据库的方式
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING USING FILE 'new_location';
注意：这样的方式会丢失change tracking file的内容