Django默认使用SQLite作为数据库，配置文件在settings.py

让我们来看一下

"""
Django settings for test1 project.Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.1.4.For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/settings/For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/
"""import os# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'm5e#rg35zpd6m+ms*(rv0prfw#(()suuily9jr((-9dlq5b(j1'# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = TrueALLOWED_HOSTS = []# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles',
]MIDDLEWARE = ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware','django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]ROOT_URLCONF = 'test1.urls'TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},},
]WSGI_APPLICATION = 'test1.wsgi.application'# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databasesDATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3','NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),}
}# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validatorsAUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',},
]# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'USE_I18N = TrueUSE_L10N = TrueUSE_TZ = True# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/STATIC_URL = '/static/'

我们可以看到其中的

DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3','NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),}
}

就是默认的配置了，默认配置的SQLite数据库并不需要添加其它的东西
但是由于我们要使用Mysql/mariadb，所以我们要配置一些其他的东西，例如数据库地址、端口等

如何配置Mysql/Mariadb数据库

首先我们需要安装合适的database bindings，这里我们选择安装PyMySQL

打开设置

选择project

最上面我们可以选择使用本机安装的那个Python，点击右边的加号即可添加其它的包

点击+号，搜索pymysql，点击添加即可

安装成功示意

接下来我们要在外层的__init__.py文件中写入如下代码

import pymysqlpymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

最后配置settings.py中的DATABASES部分就可以了

DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'test','USER': 'root','PASSWORD':'密码','HOST':'localhost','PORT':'3306',}
}

各项配置解释

ENGINE

数据库引擎，可选项'django.db.backends.sqlite3'，'django.db.backends.postgresql'，'django.db.backends.mysql'，或 'django.db.backends.oracle'等

NAME

数据库的名字

USER

数据库用户名

PASSWORD

数据库密码

HOST

数据库地址

PORT

数据库端口

修改时间

Django默认使用的是UTC时间，如果不修改的话在之后的使用中可能会遇到一些问题，因此这里不要忘记修改一下时间

修改settings.py文件中的TIME_ZONE即可

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
改为
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

测试数据库是否成功连接

进入外层目录也就是manage.py所在的目录，cmd命令行下执行以下命令

python manage.py migrate

出现如下命令，并且查看数据库新建了一些表，说明配置是正确的

注:生成的表可能不一样这个与settings.py 文件和每个应用的数据库迁移文件有关