ret = subprocess.call(['ls', '-l'], shell=False)  ret = subprocess.call('ls -l', shell=True)  

subprocess.check_call(["ls", "-l"])
subprocess.check_call("exit 1", shell=True) 

    subprocess.check_output(["echo", "hello world !"])  subprocess.check_output(["exit 1", shell=True])  

• args：shell命令，可以是字符串或者序列类型（如：list，元组）
• bufsize：指定缓冲。0 无缓冲,1 行缓冲,其他 缓冲区大小,负值 系统缓冲
• stdin, stdout, stderr：分别表示程序的标准输入、输出、错误句柄
• preexec_fn：只在Unix平台下有效，用于指定一个可执行对象（callable object），它将在子进程运行之前被调用
• close_sfs：在windows平台下，如果close_fds被设置为True，则新创建的子进程将不会继承父进程的输入、输出、错误管道。
  所以不能将close_fds设置为True同时重定向子进程的标准输入、输出与错误(stdin, stdout, stderr)。
• shell：同上
• cwd：用于设置子进程的当前目录
• env：用于指定子进程的环境变量。如果env = None，子进程的环境变量将从父进程中继承。
• universal_newlines：不同系统的换行符不同，True -> 同意使用 \n
• startupinfo与createionflags只在windows下有效
  将被传递给底层的CreateProcess()函数，用于设置子进程的一些属性，如：主窗口的外观，进程的优先级等等

案例：
import subprocess
ret1 = subprocess.Popen(["mkdir", "t1"])ret2 = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t2", shell=True)

    import subprocess  obj = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t3", shell=True, cwd='/home/dev')  

    import subprocess  obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=dubprocess.PIPE,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)  obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n")  obj.stdin.write("print(2)")  obj.stdin.close()  cmd_out = obj.stdout.read()  obj.stdout.close()  cmd_error = obj.stderr.read()  obj.stderr.close()  print(cmd_out)  print(cmd_error)  

View Code

    import subprocess  obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)  obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n")  obj.stdin.write("print(2)")  out_error_list = obj.communicate()  print(out_error_list)  

View Code

    import subprocess  obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)  out_error_list = obj.communicate('print("hello")')  print(out_error_list)  

View Code

import os
import subprocessobj = subprocess.Popen("ifconfig", shell=True, stdout = subprocess.PIPE)print("===================")
print(obj.stdout.read().decode("utf-8"))
print("===================")

import subprocessdef local_exec_shell_command(shell_command, is_shell=True):"""@:param shell_comamnd@:return exec_result(True or False) _stdout _stderr"""try:process = subprocess.Popen(shell_command,shell=is_shell,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE)_stdout, _stderr = process.communicate()if process.returncode != 0:return False, _stdout, _stderrreturn True, _stdout, _stderrexcept Exception as e:return False, '', str(e)if __name__ == '__main__':data = local_exec_shell_command("ifconfig")print(data)