mongo学习之路

mongodb的安装，在这里就不做介绍了，不管是windows还是mac,网上都有教程，可以自行学习一下~~~

一、启动

mongod
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二、链接

mongo
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三、关闭链接

db.shutdownServer()
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四、命令

1、查看数据库

show dbs
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2、进入数据库

use + 数据库名
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3、显示数据库中的集合

show collections
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4、显示当前位置

db
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五、基础操作命令

1、使用数据库

use user
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2、新建集合和插入数据文件

db.user.insert({"name": "xiaoying"})
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3、查询所有数据

db.user.find()
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4、查询第一个文件数据

db.user.findOne()
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5、修改文件数据，db.集合.update({查询},{修改})

db.user.update({name: "xiaoying"},{"name":"xiaoying", "age":12})
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6、删除文件数据

db.user.remove({name: "xiaoying"})
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7、删除整个集合

db.user.drop()
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8、删除整个数据库

db.dropDatebase()
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---

以上都是在控制台的操作命令，下边是使用js编写命令。

---

第一节 模拟登陆日志表信息

--goTask.js--var userName = 'xiaoying'
var timeSart = Date.parse(new Date())
var jsonDatabase = {"loginName": userName,"loginTime": timeSart
}var db = connect('log') // 相当于use  不能用let声明
db.login.insert(jsonDatabase)print("[demo] log print success")
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打开控制台输入 load('./goTask.js' 执行成功~

load('goTask.js')
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/log
MongoDB server version: 3.6.5
[demo] log print success
true
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查看下插入结果

> db.login.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c99ab77847a0ad420df98f0"), "loginName" : "xiaoying", "loginTime" : 1553574775000 }
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第二节 批量插入的正确姿势

--demo01.js---

// 批量创建用户
var workmate1={name:'xiaoying',age:33,sex:1,job:'前端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'JavaScript',skillThree:'PHP'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate2={name:'ShengLei',age:31,sex:1,job:'JAVA后端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'J2EE',skillThree:'PPT'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate3={name:'MinJie',age:18,sex:0,job:'UI',skill:{skillOne:'PhotoShop',skillTwo:'UI',skillThree:'PPT'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate4={name:'XiaoWang',age:25,sex:1,job:'UI',skill:{skillOne:'PhotoShop',skillTwo:'UI',skillThree:'PPT'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate5={name:'LiangPeng',age:28,sex:1,job:'前端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'JavaScript',},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate6={name:'HouFei',age:25,sex:0,job:'前端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'JavaScript',},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate7={name:'LiuYan',age:35,sex:0,job:'美工',skill:{skillOne:'PhotoShop',skillTwo:'CAD',},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate8={name:'DingLu',age:20,sex:0,job:'美工',skill:{skillOne:'PhotoShop',skillTwo:'CAD',},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate9={name:'JiaPeng',age:29,sex:1,job:'前端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'JavaScript',skillThree:'PHP'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
var workmate10={name:'LiJia',age:26,sex:0,job:'前端',skill:{skillOne:'HTML+CSS',skillTwo:'JavaScript',skillThree:'PHP'},regeditTime:new Date(),interest:[]
}
// 使用company数据库
var db=connect('company');
var workmateArray=[workmate1,workmate2,workmate3,workmate4,workmate5,workmate6,workmate7,workmate8,workmate9,workmate10];
// 给company数据库中的workmate表插入数据
db.workmate.insert(workmateArray);
print('[SUCCESS]：The data was inserted successfully');
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查看插入结果

>db.workmate.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a000"), "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "sex" : 1, "job" : "前端", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "JavaScript", "skillThree" : "PHP" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.469Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a001"), "name" : "ShengLei", "age" : 31, "sex" : 1, "job" : "JAVA后端", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "J2EE", "skillThree" : "PPT" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a002"), "name" : "MinJie", "age" : 18, "sex" : 0, "job" : "UI", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop", "skillTwo" : "UI", "skillThree" : "PPT" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a003"), "name" : "XiaoWang", "age" : 25, "sex" : 1, "job" : "UI", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop", "skillTwo" : "UI", "skillThree" : "PPT" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a004"), "name" : "LiangPeng", "age" : 28, "sex" : 1, "job" : "前端", "skill" : {"skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "JavaScript" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a005"), "name" : "HouFei", "age" : 25, "sex" : 0, "job" : "前端", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "JavaScript" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z"), "interest" : [ ]}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a006"), "name" : "LiuYan", "age" : 35, "sex" : 0, "job" : "美工", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop", "skillTwo" : "CAD" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a007"), "name" : "DingLu", "age" : 20, "sex" : 0, "job" : "美工", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop", "skillTwo" : "CAD" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a008"), "name" : "JiaPeng", "age" : 29, "sex" : 1, "job" : "前端", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "JavaScript", "skillThree" : "PHP" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c9b2f6650a0b17e32e5a009"), "name" : "LiJia", "age" : 26, "sex" : 0, "job" : "前端", "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS", "skillTwo" : "JavaScript", "skillThree" : "PHP" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z"), "interest" : [ ] }
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批量插入性能测试

// 循环插入
var startTime = (new Date()).getTime(); //得到开始时间
var  db = connect('log');  //链接数据库
//开始循环
for(let i=0;i<1000;i++){db.test.insert({num:i});
}
var runTime = (new Date()).getTime()-startTime;//计算时间差
print ('This run this is:'+runTime+'ms');//打印出来
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循环运行时间查看

load('./demo02.js')
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/log
MongoDB server version: 3.6.5
This run this is:539ms
true
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// 批量插入
var startTime = (new Date()).getTime();
var  db = connect('log');
var tempArray = []              //声明一个数组
for(let i=0;i<1000;i++){        //循环向数组中放入值tempArray.push({num:i});
}
db.test.insert(tempArray)       //批量一次插入
var runTime = (new Date()).getTime()-startTime;
print ('This run this is:'+runTime+'ms');
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批量运行时间查看

load('./demo02.js')
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/log
MongoDB server version: 3.6.5
This run this is:22ms
true
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======很明显，批量运行时间远远小于循环插入时间，所以开发过程中肯定是要用批量插入而不是循环插入。======

第三节 修改：update修改器

1、$set修改器

dbd .workmate.update({"name":"MinJie"},{"$set":{sex:2,age:21}})//修改嵌套内容（内嵌文档  {}类型）
db.workmate.update({"name":"MinJie"},{"$set":{"skill.skillThree":'word'}})复制代码

2、$unset 删除key

db.workmate.update({name: 'huahua'},{"$unset":{age:''}})
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3、$inc 对数字进行计算

db.workmate.update({name: 'huahua'},{"$inc":{age:+5}})
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4、multi选项（boolean类型 true: 表示每条数据都做更改 false:只修改第一条）

db.workmate.update({},{$set:{interset:[]}},{multi:true})
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5、upsert选项（true代表没有就添加，false代表没有不添加(默认值)）。

db.workmate.update({name:'xiaoWang'},{$set:{age:20}},{upsert:true})
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6、$push追加数组/内嵌文档值

db.workmate.update({name:'xiaoWang'},{$push:{interest:'draw'}})// 内嵌文档push
db.workmate.update({name:'MinJie'},{$push:{"skill.skillFour":'draw'}})
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7、$ne查找是否存在（没有则修改，有则不修改）

db.workmate.update({name:'xiaoWang',"interest":{$ne:'playGame'}},{$push:{interest:'Game'}})
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8、ne

db.workmate.update({name:"xiaoWang"},{$addToSet:{interest:"readBook"}})
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9、$each 批量追加

var newInterset=["Sing","Dance","Code"];
db.workmate.update({name:"xiaoWang"},{$addToSet:{interest:{$each:newInterset}}})
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10、$pop 删除数组值

• 1：从数组末端进行删除
• -1：从数组开端进行删除

db.workmate.update({name:'xiaoWang'},{$pop:{interest:1}}//数组定位修改
db.workmate.update({name:'xiaoWang'},{$set:{"interest.2":"Code"}})
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第四节 应答式操作

db.runCommand( )

它是数据库运行命令的执行器，执行命令首选就要使用它，因为它在Shell和驱动程序间提供了一致的接口。（几乎操作数据库的所有操作，都可以使用runCommand来执行）现在我们试着用runCommand来修改数据库，看看结果和直接用db.collections.update有什么不同。

var myModify = {findAndModify: "workMate",query: {name: 'xiaoying'},update: {$set: {age: 10}},new: true 更新完成，需要查看结果，如果为false不进行查看结果
}var resultMsg = db.runCommand(myModify)printjson(resultMsg)
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运行结果：

load('./demo04.js')
{"lastErrorObject" : {"n" : 0,"updatedExisting" : true // 表示更新完毕},"value" : null,"ok" : 1
}
true
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findAndModify的性能是没有直接使用db.collections.update的性能好，但是在实际工作中都是使用它，毕竟要商用的程序安全性还是比较重要的。

findAndModify属性值：

• query：需要查询的条件/文档
• sort: 进行排序
• remove：[boolean]是否删除查找到的文档，值填写true，可以删除。
• new:[boolean]返回更新前的文档还是更新后的文档。
• fields：需要返回的字段
• upsert：没有这个值是否增加。

第五节 查询：find的不等修饰符

// 所有注册时间大于某个时间人
var startDate  =  new Date('01/01/2018')
db.workmate.find({regeditTime: {$gt: startDate}},{name: 1, "skill.skillOne": 1, _id: 0, age: 1, regeditTime: 1}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.469Z") }
{ "name" : "ShengLei", "age" : 31, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z") }
{ "name" : "MinJie", "age" : 18, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z") }
{ "name" : "XiaoWang", "age" : 25, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z") }
{ "name" : "LiangPeng", "age" : 28, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z") }
{ "name" : "HouFei", "age" : 25, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.470Z") }
{ "name" : "LiuYan", "age" : 35, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z") }
{ "name" : "DingLu", "age" : 20, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z") }
{ "name" : "JiaPeng", "age" : 29, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z") }
{ "name" : "LiJia", "age" : 26, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" }, "regeditTime" : ISODate("2019-03-27T08:08:06.471Z") }
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// 查找公司小于35大于25的人
db.workmate.find({age: {$lt: 35, $gt: 25}},{name: 1, "skill.skillOne": 1, _id: 0, age: 1}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "ShengLei", "age" : 31, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "LiangPeng", "age" : 28, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "JiaPeng", "age" : 29, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "LiJia", "age" : 26, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
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不等修饰符

• 小于($lt):英文全称less-than
• 小于等于($lte)：英文全称less-than-equal
• 大于($gt):英文全称greater-than
• 大于等于($gte):英文全称greater-than-equal
• 不等于($ne):英文全称not-equal

第六节 查询：find的多条件查询

1、nin （不在某个范围）

// 查询同事中年龄是25岁和33岁的信息
db.workmate.find({age:{$nin:[25,33]}},{name:1,"skill.skillOne":1,age:1,_id:0}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "XiaoWang", "age" : 25, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" } }
{ "name" : "HouFei", "age" : 25, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
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2、$or修饰符

// 条件或  查出两个条件满足其中一个即可
db.workmate.find({$or:[{age:{$gte:30}},{"skill.skillThree":'PHP'}
]},{name:1,"skill.skillThree":1,age:1,_id:0}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillThree" : "PHP" } }
{ "name" : "ShengLei", "age" : 31, "skill" : { "skillThree" : "PPT" } }
{ "name" : "LiuYan", "age" : 35, "skill" : {  } }
{ "name" : "JiaPeng", "age" : 29, "skill" : { "skillThree" : "PHP" } }
{ "name" : "LiJia", "age" : 26, "skill" : { "skillThree" : "PHP" } }
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3、$and修饰符

db.workmate.find({$and:[{age: {$gt: 30}},{"skill.skillThree": "PHP"}
]},{name: 1, 'skill.skillThree':1, age:1, _id: 0}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillThree" : "PHP" } }
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4、$not修饰符

db.workmate.find({age: {$not: {$lte: 30,$gte: 20}}
},
{name: 1, 'skill.skillOne':1, age: 1, _id: 0}
)
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运行结果

{ "name" : "xiaoying", "age" : 33, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "ShengLei", "age" : 31, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "HTML+CSS" } }
{ "name" : "MinJie", "age" : 18, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" } }
{ "name" : "LiuYan", "age" : 35, "skill" : { "skillOne" : "PhotoShop" } }
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今天先更新到这里吧~~~后边继续更新，每天进步一点点，希望对自己和看文章的你都能进步！