简介：对于高压信号模块的输出信号与工作电压之间的关系进行了初步测量。

关键词： 高压脉冲，频率，交流有效值

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高压信号

文章目录

输出电路

测量输出信号

高压模块测试

工作电压与电流

测量输出波形

数据分析

测试结论

§01 高压信号

在脉冲20KV高压发生器电弧打火 中对于一款高压模块进行了初步测试。由于它的放电电弧与所期望的不同，因此，需要对该高压模块所产生的高压信号进行测试。

一、输出电路

这款 脉冲20kV高压模块 在销售网页对于模块的基本特性具有基本描述：

输入电压：3.7V-6V
输入电流：≤0.5A
输入线长：10厘米左右
高压型式：脉冲直流型
输出电压：15KV左右（使用时请注意安全）
输出电流：≤0.5A
输出线长：10厘米左右

提到输出为脉冲直流型的高压信号，但这一点需要进行验证。特别是其中提到输入电流小于0.5A，但实际在+5V工作时，输入电流高达3.5A。

1、测量输出阻抗

使用数字万用表测量输出电极之间的直流电阻：

输出电极直流电阻：

正向：710Ω
反向：710Ω

这说明在高压模块输出中并没有直流进行整流，所以输出的高压信号应该是脉冲交流信号。

使用SmartTweezer测量输出电极之间的交流阻抗，测量频率为10kHz。

输出电极之间的交流阻抗：: 电感：792.6mH
电阻：724Ω

因此，通过交流阻抗也能够反映出这个高压模块的输出应该是一个高压线圈。

2、通过电容放电

测量输出电机通过电容进行放电的影响。通过测试可以看到，放电的情况与电容无关，也可以说明释放电流呈现交变的过程。

▲ 图1.1 直接放电过程

▲ 图1.2 经过高压电容放电的过程

二、测量输出信号

由于输出脉冲信号的电压非常高，无法直接使用示波器探头测量输出的电压信号。

1、使用分压电阻

利用分压电阻来进行分压。但是所使用的电阻也同时被击穿了。下图显示了10MΩ的电阻在高压脉冲下被击穿的情况。

▲ 图1.3 使用分压电阻来测量输出电压信号

§02 高压模块测试

一、工作电压与电流

使用可编程直流电源DH1766 测量高压模块的工作电压与工作电流之间的关系。可以看到输入电压超过2.2V之后，输出电流有一个突变。

▲ 图2.1 高压模块与工作电压与工作电流之间的关系

▲ 图2.2 高压模块工作电压与工作电流之间的关系

▲ 图2.3 高压模块工作电压与工作电流之间的关系

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *idim = []vset = linspace(2, 3, 100)for v in vset:dh1766volt(v)time.sleep(1.5)curr = dh1766curr()idim.append(curr)tspsave('data', vset=vset, idim=idim)printff('%5.3f'%v, curr)dh1766volt(0)plt.plot(vset, idim)
plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Current(A)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

二、测量输出波形

为了测量输出的波形，在比较低的工作电压，测量输出电压在负载电阻上的波形。

1、测量电路

▲ 图2.4 测试电路原理图

2、测量结果

测量数据：

工作电压：2.0V
工作电流：0.905A
输出频率：15.53kHz
负载电阻：20Ω

▲ 图2.5 负载电阻上的波形

3、输出信号频率

使用DM3068测量输出信号波形的输出频率。

▲ 图2.6.1 不同工作电压下的输出信号频率

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST2.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2021-07-10
#
# Note:
#============================================================from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *dm3068open()vset = linspace(1, 3, 100)
idim = []
fdim = []for v in vset:dh1766volt(v)time.sleep(1.5)f = dm3068freq()curr = dh1766curr()printff(v, curr, f)idim.append(curr)fdim.append(f)tspsave('freqdata', vset=vset, idim=idim, fdim=fdim)dh1766volt(0)plt.plot(vset, fdim)
plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Frequency(Hz)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST2.PY
#============================================================

▲ 图2.6.2 工作电压与工作电流之间的关系

4、输出电压

使用DM3068测量输出交流信号的有效值，测量输出电压的有效值与工作电压（输出信号作用在输出负载 20Ω）之间的关系。

▲ 图2.6.3 输出信号有效值与工作电压关系

▲ 图2.6.4 工作电压与工作电流与输出电压之间的关系

vset=[1.0000,1.0202,1.0404,1.0606,1.0808,1.1010,1.1212,1.1414,1.1616,1.1818,1.2020,1.2222,1.2424,1.2626,1.2828,1.3030,1.3232,1.3434,1.3636,1.3838,1.4040,1.4242,1.4444,1.4646,1.4848,1.5051,1.5253,1.5455,1.5657,1.5859,1.6061,1.6263,1.6465,1.6667,1.6869,1.7071,1.7273,1.7475,1.7677,1.7879,1.8081,1.8283,1.8485,1.8687,1.8889,1.9091,1.9293,1.9495,1.9697,1.9899,2.0101,2.0303,2.0505,2.0707,2.0909,2.1111,2.1313,2.1515,2.1717,2.1919,2.2121,2.2323,2.2525,2.2727,2.2929,2.3131,2.3333,2.3535,2.3737,2.3939,2.4141,2.4343,2.4545,2.4747,2.4949,2.5152,2.5354,2.5556,2.5758,2.5960,2.6162,2.6364,2.6566,2.6768,2.6970,2.7172,2.7374,2.7576,2.7778,2.7980,2.8182,2.8384,2.8586,2.8788,2.8990,2.9192,2.9394,2.9596,2.9798,3.0000]
idim=[0.1869,0.2000,0.2135,0.2271,0.2408,0.2548,0.2691,0.2836,0.2982,0.3130,0.3279,0.3431,0.3584,0.3739,0.3895,0.4052,0.4211,0.4371,0.4532,0.4695,0.4858,0.5028,0.5195,0.5362,0.5531,0.5700,0.5871,0.6042,0.6216,0.6390,0.6565,0.6739,0.6916,0.7093,0.7271,0.7449,0.7628,0.7809,0.7989,0.8169,0.8352,0.8534,0.8714,0.8904,0.9087,0.9271,0.9456,0.9639,0.9825,1.0010,1.0195,1.0380,1.0566,1.0752,1.0938,1.1125,1.1313,1.1500,1.1686,1.1873,1.2060,1.2248,1.2435,1.2622,1.2808,1.3001,1.3187,1.3373,1.3560,1.3747,1.3933,1.4118,1.4302,1.4491,1.4676,1.4858,1.5044,1.5228,1.5409,1.5589,1.5769,1.5945,1.6124,1.6304,1.6482,1.6655,1.6828,1.7008,1.7183,1.7354,1.7524,1.7693,1.7864,1.8030,1.8196,1.8361,1.8525,1.8689,1.8854,1.9019]
acdim=[0.0497,0.0519,0.0541,0.0564,0.0586,0.0608,0.0631,0.0654,0.0677,0.0700,0.0724,0.0746,0.0769,0.0792,0.0815,0.0839,0.0862,0.0885,0.0908,0.0931,0.0954,0.0978,0.1001,0.1024,0.1047,0.1071,0.1093,0.1116,0.1139,0.1162,0.1185,0.1208,0.1231,0.1254,0.1277,0.1299,0.1322,0.1345,0.1367,0.1390,0.1413,0.1435,0.1457,0.1480,0.1502,0.1525,0.1547,0.1569,0.1591,0.1613,0.1635,0.1656,0.1678,0.1700,0.1722,0.1743,0.1765,0.1786,0.1807,0.1829,0.1850,0.1871,0.1892,0.1913,0.1934,0.1955,0.1976,0.1997,0.2017,0.2038,0.2058,0.2078,0.2099,0.2119,0.2139,0.2159,0.2179,0.2199,0.2227,0.2245,0.2264,0.2283,0.2302,0.2321,0.2340,0.2357,0.2375,0.2394,0.2412,0.2429,0.2447,0.2464,0.2481,0.2498,0.2515,0.2531,0.2547,0.2564,0.2580,0.2596]

三、数据分析

根据前一节的测量结果，初步估计高压包的一些参数。

1、测量参数

测量参数：

工作电压：V_work=3V
工作电流：I_in=1.9019A
输出电压：U_out=0.2596
负载电阻：R_L=20Ω

根据第一节测量高压模块的输出线圈的内阻 R0=710ΩR_0 = 710\OmegaR0=710Ω。根据负载RL=20ΩR_L = 20\OmegaRL=20Ω上的输出电压为0.2596V，根据R0,RLR_0 ,R_LR0,RL的数值之比，可以推测到输出线圈的感应电压：UE=R0+RLRL×0.2596=710+2020×0.2596=9.48VU_E = {{R_0 + R_L } \over {R_L }} \times 0.2596 = {{710 + 20} \over {20}} \times 0.2596 = 9.48VUE=RLR0+RL×0.2596=20710+20×0.2596=9.48V

输出电流：I0=0.259620=0.013AI_0 = {{0.2596} \over {20}} = 0.013AI0=200.2596=0.013A

根据输入电流

N=IINIOUT=1.90190.013=146.3N = {{I_{IN} } \over {I_{OUT} }} = {{1.9019} \over {0.013}} = 146.3N=IOUTIIN=0.0131.9019=146.3

※ 测试结论 ※

通过前面的讨论，可以看到输出的信号的确是一个交流信号。工作的频率、输出的幅值、工作电流随着工作电压变化而呈现单调变化。

由测量的结果也可以证明，输出的电压与输出的电流都是交流信号。由此，磁场对于该交流信号的放电电弧的影响也就不大了。

在 高压包输出信号经过整流后形成直流电流 测试了高压整流之后的放电电弧在磁场中的影响情况。

■ 相关文献链接:

脉冲20KV高压发生器电弧打火
脉冲20kV高压模块

● 相关图表链接:

图1.1 直接放电过程
图1.2 经过高压电容放电的过程
图1.3 使用分压电阻来测量输出电压信号
图2.1 高压模块与工作电压与工作电流之间的关系
图2.2 高压模块工作电压与工作电流之间的关系
图2.3 高压模块工作电压与工作电流之间的关系
图2.4 测试电路原理图
图2.5 负载电阻上的波形
图2.6.1 不同工作电压下的输出信号频率
图2.6.2 工作电压与工作电流之间的关系
图2.6.3 输出信号有效值与工作电压关系
图2.6.4 工作电压与工作电流与输出电压之间的关系

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