单元测试Error creating bean with name org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.Resource

单元测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:spring/*.xml" })
public class UserTest {@AutowiredUserService userService;@Testpublic void testUser(){System.out.println("单元测试");//查询一个用户信息UserVo user = userService.getUser(1);System.out.println(user.getName());}
}

运行报错：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler#0’: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: WebApplicationObjectSupport instance [ResourceHttpRequestHandler [locations=[class path resource [WEB-INF/css/]],resolvers=[org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.PathResourceResolver@557a1e2d]]] does not run in a WebApplicationContext but in: org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@62ee68d8: startup date [Sun Jul 30 18:48:01 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy

错误提示静态资源css创建有问题，静态资源Handler的ResourceHttpRequestHandler不能创建

解决：添加注解@WebAppConfiguration(“src/main/resources”)

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration("src/main/resources")
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:spring/*.xml" })
public class UserTest {@AutowiredUserService userService;@Testpublic void testUser(){System.out.println("单元测试");//查询一个用户信息UserVo user = userService.getUser(1);System.out.println(user.getName());}
}

这个注解的作用就是指定到配置文件的根路径

官方文档

@WebAppConfiguration is a class-level annotation that is used to declare that the ApplicationContext loaded for an integration test should be a WebApplicationContext.The presence of @WebAppConfiguration on a test class indicates that a WebApplicationContext should be loaded for the test using a default for the path to the root of the web application. To override the default, specify an explicit resource path via the value() attribute.
Note that @WebAppConfiguration must be used in conjunction with @ContextConfiguration, either within a single test class or within a test class hierarchy.@WebAppConfiguration是一个类级别的注释，用于声明ApplicationContext为集成测试加载的应该是a WebApplicationContext。
@WebAppConfiguration测试类的存在表明WebApplicationContext应该使用Web应用程序根路径的默认值为测试加载a。要覆盖默认值，请通过该value()属性指定显式资源路径。请注意，@WebAppConfiguration必须与 @ContextConfiguration单个测试类或测试类层次结构一起使用。
从Spring Framework 4.0开始，此批注可用作 元注释来创建自定义组合注释。

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