PyAutoGUI 键盘控制函数（2）

press(), keyDown(), and keyUp()

上一篇博客说到，可以传递一个字符给typewrite()和write()函数，当然不能实现类似F1，Shift这种多字符键盘名的模拟敲击，因为会把字符串单个字符依次模拟输入。那么如果想要敲击F1，Shift这种多字符键盘按键怎么办呢？
当然有解决方案，press(), keyDown()和 keyUp()分别表示点击按键，按下按键，释放按键。press() 包括keyDown() 和 keyUp()两个步骤。press(), keyDown()和 keyUp()均接受一个字符串参数，表示要按下的键，键名在pyautogui.KEYBOARD_KEYS中有定义，详见本博客附录。

>>> pyautogui.press('enter')  # press the Enter key
>>> pyautogui.press('f1')     # press the F1 key
>>> pyautogui.press('left')   # press the left arrow key

注意：press('f1')表示按F1按键write('f1')表示分别按F键和1键。

>>> pyautogui.keyDown('shift')  # hold down the shift key
>>> pyautogui.press('left')     # press the left arrow key
>>> pyautogui.press('left')     # press the left arrow key
>>> pyautogui.press('left')     # press the left arrow key
>>> pyautogui.keyUp('shift')    # release the shift key

如果要连续按压多个按键，可以使用列表或者传递presses参数，例如连续按压3次左键：

>>> pyautogui.press(['left', 'left', 'left'])
>>> pyautogui.press('left', presses=3)

当然可以添加延迟参数interval：

>>> pyautogui.press(['left', 'left', 'left'],interval=1)
>>> pyautogui.press('left', presses=3,interval=1)

typewrite()

例如：

>>> pyautogui.typewrite('Hello world!\n', interval=secs_between_keys)  # useful for entering text, newline is Enter

interval参数用于指定每两个字符之间输入的时间间隔。当然可以存入列表，列表中每个元素表示要按下的键盘按键名，键盘列表见该博客末尾的附录。例如（先按a，再按b，再按c，再按<—，再按删除键，再按回车键，再按f1键）：

>>> pyautogui.typewrite(['a', 'b', 'c', 'left', 'backspace', 'enter', 'f1'], interval=secs_between_keys)

可见， typewrite()传递一个字符串和write()一样的功能，传递列表和press()实现相同功能。

附录

键盘名列表

KEY_NAMES = ["\t","\n","\r"," ","!",'"',"#","$","%","&","'","(",")","*","+",",","-",".","/","0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",":",";","<","=",">","?","@","[","\\","]","^","_","`","a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z","{","|","}","~","accept","add","alt","altleft","altright","apps","backspace","browserback","browserfavorites","browserforward","browserhome","browserrefresh","browsersearch","browserstop","capslock","clear","convert","ctrl","ctrlleft","ctrlright","decimal","del","delete","divide","down","end","enter","esc","escape","execute","f1","f10","f11","f12","f13","f14","f15","f16","f17","f18","f19","f2","f20","f21","f22","f23","f24","f3","f4","f5","f6","f7","f8","f9","final","fn","hanguel","hangul","hanja","help","home","insert","junja","kana","kanji","launchapp1","launchapp2","launchmail","launchmediaselect","left","modechange","multiply","nexttrack","nonconvert","num0","num1","num2","num3","num4","num5","num6","num7","num8","num9","numlock","pagedown","pageup","pause","pgdn","pgup","playpause","prevtrack","print","printscreen","prntscrn","prtsc","prtscr","return","right","scrolllock","select","separator","shift","shiftleft","shiftright","sleep","space","stop","subtract","tab","up","volumedown","volumemute","volumeup","win","winleft","winright","yen","command","option","optionleft","optionright",
]

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15 PyAutoGUI 键盘控制函数（2）

PyAutoGUI 键盘控制函数（2）

press(), keyDown(), and keyUp()

typewrite()

附录

键盘名列表

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