交叉表查询中的多列显示

利用交叉表，我们可以对某个列字段的项目进行显示，比如[学科]来显示[考试成绩]，那么是否能同时显示其[作业成绩]在同一个交叉表查询中？

比如下面数据
Table3
+-----+--------+-------+-------+------+-------------+
|id |sName |sClass |Course |Score |homeworkScore|
+-----+--------+-------+-------+------+-------------+
|1 |AAA    |3    |语文 |50 |8          |
|2 |AAA    |3    |数学 |83 |9          |
|3 |AAA    |3    |英语 |65 |7          |
|4 |BBB    |3    |语文 |86 |6          |
|5 |BBB    |3    |数学 |95 |5          |
.......
|30 |JJJJ |5    |英语 |61 |9          |
|31 |LL    |5    |语文 |80 |7          |
|32 |LL    |5    |数学 |95 |9          |
+-----+--------+-------+-------+------+-------------+

我们可以得到关于科目的交叉表查询 [考试成绩],也可以得到[作业成绩]

TRANSFORM Sum(Table3.Score)
SELECT Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
FROM Table3
GROUP BY Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
PIVOT Table3.Course;

+-------+------+----+----+----+
|sName  |sClass|数学|英语|语文|
+-------+------+----+----+----+
|AAA |3    |83  |65  |50  |
|BBB |3    |95  |58  |86  |
|CCC |3    |75  |78  |92  |
|DDD |3    |76  |77  |83  |
.....
|JJJJ |5    |97  |61  |62  |
|LL    |5    |95  | |80  |
+-------+------+----+----+----+

TRANSFORM Sum(Table3.homeworkScore)
SELECT Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
FROM Table3
GROUP BY Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
PIVOT Table3.Course;
+-------+------+----+----+----+
|sName  |sClass|数学|英语|语文|
+-------+------+----+----+----+
|AAA |3    |8 |6 |8 |
|BBB |3    |6 |7 |7 |
|CCC |3    |7 |9 |9 |
.....
|JJJJ |5    |9 |7 |5 |
|LL    |5    |7 | |8 |
+-------+------+----+----+----+

那么如何把这两项合并显示呢？

首先容易想到的方法是，将这两个单独的交叉表查询保存了各自的查询,比如query1,query2,然后再形成基于这两个 query1,query2 的 inner join 查询。
SELECT Query1.*, Query2.*
FROM Query1 INNER JOIN Query2 ON Query1.sName = Query2.sName;

由于交叉表查询的列数我们无法预知，所以只能选择 Query1.*, Query2.* 所有的字段。结果如下
+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+
|Q1.sName|Q1.sClass|Q1.数学|Q1.英语|Q1.语文|Q2.sName|Q2.sClass|Q2.数学|Q2.英语|Q2.语文|
+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+
|AAA    |3       |83    |65    |50    |AAA    |3       |8    |6    |8    |
|BBB    |3       |95    |58    |86    |BBB    |3       |6    |7    |7    |
|CCC    |3       |75    |78    |92    |CCC    |3       |7    |9    |9    |
|DDD    |3       |76    |77    |83    |DDD    |3       |7    |6    |9    |
|EEE    |3       |76    |58    |60    |EEE    |3       |5    |8    |5    |
|FFF    |4       |62    |60    |85    |FFF    |4       |7    |7    |7    |
|GGG    |4       |80    |97    |81    |GGG    |4       |6    |10    |8    |
|HHHH |4       |88    |50    |74    |HHHH |4       |8    |9    |8    |
|IIIIIII |4       |68    |50    |95    |IIIIIII |4       |5    |7    |8    |
|JJJJ |5       |97    |61    |62    |JJJJ |5       |9    |7    |5    |
|LL    |5       |95    |    |80    |LL    |       |7    |    |8    |
+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+--------+---------+-------+-------+-------+

有没有其它的方法？
如果用户的需求只是为了显示，（交叉表查询好象也只能为了显示，无法更新，想不出还有什么用途）, 则可以通过字符串合并操作把多个字段合并为一个字段。如下 (由于是字符串，这里改sum()为min())

TRANSFORM min(Table3.Score & ' + ' & Table3.homeworkScore)
SELECT Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
FROM Table3
GROUP BY Table3.sName, Table3.sClass
PIVOT Table3.Course;

+-------+------+-------+-------+-------+
|sName  |sClass|数学 |英语 |语文 |
+-------+------+-------+-------+-------+
|AAA |3    |83 + 8 |65 + 6 |50 + 8 |
|BBB |3    |95 + 6 |58 + 7 |86 + 7 |
|CCC |3    |75 + 7 |78 + 9 |92 + 9 |
|DDD |3    |76 + 7 |77 + 6 |83 + 9 |
|EEE |3    |76 + 5 |58 + 8 |60 + 5 |
|FFF |4    |62 + 7 |60 + 7 |85 + 7 |
|GGG |4    |80 + 6 |97 + 10|81 + 8 |
|HHHH |4    |88 + 8 |50 + 9 |74 + 8 |
|IIIIIII|4    |68 + 5 |50 + 7 |95 + 8 |
|JJJJ |5    |97 + 9 |61 + 7 |62 + 5 |
|LL    |5    |95 + 7 |    |80 + 8 |
+-------+------+-------+-------+-------+

如果还要计算，比如导入到EXCEL中，则需要把多列按交叉表查询的要求整理一下数据源。

select sName,sClass,Course & ':考试成绩' as sColID,Score as vCol
from Table3
UNION ALL
select sName,sClass,Course & ':作业成绩' as sColID,homeworkScore as vCol
from Table3
+-----+------+--------------+-----+
|sName|sClass|sColID       |vCol |
+-----+------+--------------+-----+
|AAA  |3    |数学:考试成绩 |83 |
|AAA  |3    |英语:考试成绩 |65 |
|BBB  |3    |语文:考试成绩 |86 |
|BBB  |3    |数学:考试成绩 |95 |
|AAA  |3    |语文:考试成绩 |50 |
|AAA  |3    |数学:作业成绩 |8 |
|AAA  |3    |英语:作业成绩 |6 |
|BBB  |3    |语文:作业成绩 |7 |
|BBB  |3    |数学:作业成绩 |6 |
........
|LL |5    |语文:作业成绩 |8 |
|LL |5    |数学:作业成绩 |7 |
+-----+------+--------------+-----+

然后再基于此做交叉查询.
TRANSFORM Sum(t.vCol)
SELECT t.sName, t.sClass
FROM (
select sName,sClass,Course & ':考试成绩' as sColID,Score as vCol
from Table3
UNION ALL
select sName,sClass,Course & ':作业成绩' as sColID,homeworkScore as vCol
from Table3
)t
GROUP BY t.sName, t.sClass
PIVOT t.sColID;

+-------+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
|sName  |sClass|数学:作业成绩|数学:考试成绩|英语:作业成绩|英语:考试成绩|语文:作业成绩|语文:考试成绩|
+-------+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
|AAA |3    |8          |83          |6          |65          |8          |50          |
|BBB |3    |6          |95          |7          |58          |7          |86          |
|CCC |3    |7          |75          |9          |78          |9          |92          |
|DDD |3    |7          |76          |6          |77          |9          |83          |
|EEE |3    |5          |76          |8          |58          |5          |60          |
|FFF |4    |7          |62          |7          |60          |7          |85          |
|GGG |4    |6          |80          |10          |97          |8          |81          |
|HHHH |4    |8          |88          |9          |50          |8          |74          |
|IIIIIII|4    |5          |68          |7          |50          |8          |95          |
|JJJJ |5    |9          |97          |7          |61          |5          |62          |
|LL    |5    |7          |95          |          |          |8          |80          |
+-------+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

本文只是探讨了一种在ACCESS中如何实现多列数据同样在交叉查询表中实现的方法。当然还有很多方法。