我这人比较懒得罗里吧嗦，基本都是直接说两点：why？how？

基于halcon的直线查找之卡尺

直线的检测在halcon中主要有两种方式：直线拟合和卡尺直线。这里分享卡尺方法，拟合请移步：直线拟合

直线卡尺

首先把整体思路列出来：
①CreateMetrologyModel创建一个测量句柄；
②AddMetrologyObjectLineMeasure添加一个线“Line”的模型；
③SetMetrologyObjectParam设置相关测量参数。比如:卡尺垂直于边的长度，卡尺的宽度，卡尺的个数，保留的卡尺个数，边缘最低对比度等；
④ApplyMetrologyModel开始找边；
⑤GetMetrologyObjectMeasures、GetMetrologyObjectResultContour将找到的边界结果显示，同时获得每个卡尺找到的点坐标。

是不是很简单？没错，就这么简单无脑。作为调包侠，是还是觉得用的算子有点多啊…感觉给别人用这么多函数有点low？那就自己再封一层壳吧，瞬间高大上了。

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直接copy拿去用吧

// 代码量有点冗杂，很多参数判断。起始作为底层供调用的方法，无需写这些判断，推荐判断安全性的问题应该交给上层调用者来保证，底层保证效率就行，避免上层判断，底层又判断，造成重复耗时。可以删掉，从CreateMetrologyModel开始。void FindLineCaliper(HObject ho_Image, HObject* ho_ResultContour, HObject* ho_MeasureContour,HTuple hv_Row1, HTuple hv_Column1, HTuple hv_Row2, HTuple hv_Column2, HTuple hv_MeasureLength,HTuple hv_MeasureWidth, HTuple hv_MeasureSigma, HTuple hv_MeasureThreshold, HTuple hv_NumInstances,HTuple hv_MeasureSelect, HTuple hv_MeasureTransition, HTuple hv_NumMeasures,HTuple* hv_LineFind, HTuple* hv_RowStart, HTuple* hv_ColumnStart, HTuple* hv_RowEnd,HTuple* hv_ColumnEnd, HTuple* hv_RowFrame, HTuple* hv_ColumnFrame)
{HObject  ho_MeasuredLines;HTuple  hv_num_instances, hv_measure_select, hv_measure_transition;HTuple  hv_num_measures, hv_ValueName, hv_Value, hv_Channels;HTuple  hv_Width, hv_Height, hv_IsNumber, hv_Index, hv_Index1;HTuple  hv_IsString, hv_NumMatches1, hv_NumMatches2, hv_IsString1;HTuple  hv_NumMatches3, hv_NumMatches4, hv_MetrologyHandle;HTuple  hv_IndexLine, hv_RowMeasure, hv_ColumnMeasure, hv_IndexSearch;HTuple  hv_Frame_Parameter, hv_Index2, hv_NumMatches5, hv_NumMatches6;;//*********找直线函数**********//****输入参数：Image:输入图像, 需要单通道图像*****//****输入参数：Row1,Column1,Row2,Column2:找直线的参考基准线, 其位置与需要找的直线位置相同或近似平行*****//****输入参数：MeasureLength,MeasureWidth,MeasureSigma,MeasureThreshold：卡尺的长宽, Sigma值和阈值,支持数组输入*****//****输入参数：ParameterName,ParameterValue：检测控制参数名称和值, 具体请见下表*****//****输入参数: NumInstances: 检测的直线数量,必须为正整数***//****输入参数: NumMeasures: 检测的卡尺数量*****//****输入参数：MeasureTransition:找线的方式, 由暗到明, 由明到暗,只能是'positive'或'negative'*****//****输入参数：MeasureSelect: 每个卡尺内找到的点是最近点还是最远点, 只能是'first'或'last'*****//****输出参数：LineFind: 0:无法找到直线；1：可以找到直线*****//****输出参数：RowStart,ColumnStart,RowEnd,ColumnEnd:找到的直线起点与终点的坐标*****//****输出参数：ResultContour：生成的直线图形*****//****输出参数：MeasureContour：生成的卡尺图形*****//****输出参数：RowFrame,ColumnFrame：每个卡尺找到的点的坐标*****//****函数作者：*****//****更新时间：*****//******************//****默认参数值*****//******************(*hv_LineFind) = 0;(*hv_RowStart) = 0;(*hv_ColumnStart) = 0;(*hv_RowEnd) = 0;(*hv_ColumnEnd) = 0;(*hv_RowFrame) = HTuple();(*hv_ColumnFrame) = HTuple();hv_num_instances = 1;hv_measure_select = "last";hv_measure_transition = "positive";hv_num_measures = 40;hv_ValueName.Clear();hv_ValueName[0] = "num_instances";hv_ValueName[1] = "num_measures";hv_ValueName[2] = "measure_transition";hv_ValueName[3] = "measure_select";//****参数类型和范围确认*****//****int/real 型：['int',min,max], min=<输入值<=max,上下限若是无穷大，则写作'' *****//****string 型：['string','a','b',...,'z'],输入值需是'a','a','b',...,'z'中的任意一个值*****hv_Value.Clear();hv_Value[0] = "int";hv_Value[1] = 1;hv_Value[2] = "";hv_Value[3] = "int";hv_Value[4] = 1;hv_Value[5] = "";hv_Value[6] = "string";hv_Value[7] = "positive";hv_Value[8] = "negative";hv_Value[9] = "string";hv_Value[10] = "first";hv_Value[11] = "last";//*************************************//****1.判断输入参数是否满足计算要求*****//*************************************//****a.判断输入图像是否为单通道图像*****CountChannels(ho_Image, &hv_Channels);if (0 != (hv_Channels != 1)){Rgb1ToGray(ho_Image, &ho_Image);}GetImageSize(ho_Image, &hv_Width, &hv_Height);//****b.判断输入的直线参数是否为number,若出现非数字格式的输入情况，则直接返回*****TupleIsNumber((((((((hv_Row1.TupleConcat(hv_Column1)).TupleConcat(hv_Row2)).TupleConcat(hv_Column2)).TupleConcat(hv_MeasureLength)).TupleConcat(hv_MeasureWidth)).TupleConcat(hv_MeasureThreshold)).TupleConcat(hv_NumInstances)).TupleConcat(hv_NumMeasures),&hv_IsNumber);{HTuple end_val50 = (hv_IsNumber.TupleLength()) - 1;HTuple step_val50 = 1;for (hv_Index = 0; hv_Index.Continue(end_val50, step_val50); hv_Index += step_val50){if (0 != (HTuple(hv_IsNumber[hv_Index]) == 0)){return;}}}//****判断输入参数名称和数值的类型是否正确*****//****MeasureLeght≥1*****{HTuple end_val58 = (hv_MeasureLength.TupleLength()) - 1;HTuple step_val58 = 1;for (hv_Index1 = 0; hv_Index1.Continue(end_val58, step_val58); hv_Index1 += step_val58){if (0 != (HTuple(hv_MeasureLength[hv_Index1]) < 1)){hv_MeasureLength[hv_Index1] = 1;}}}//****MeasureWidth≥1*****{HTuple end_val65 = (hv_MeasureWidth.TupleLength()) - 1;HTuple step_val65 = 1;for (hv_Index1 = 0; hv_Index1.Continue(end_val65, step_val65); hv_Index1 += step_val65){if (0 != (HTuple(hv_MeasureWidth[hv_Index1]) < 1)){hv_MeasureWidth[hv_Index1] = 1;}}}//****MeasureSigma≥0.4*****{HTuple end_val72 = (hv_MeasureSigma.TupleLength()) - 1;HTuple step_val72 = 1;for (hv_Index1 = 0; hv_Index1.Continue(end_val72, step_val72); hv_Index1 += step_val72){if (0 != (HTuple(hv_MeasureSigma[hv_Index1]) < 0.4)){hv_MeasureSigma[hv_Index1] = 0.4;}}}//****MeasureThreshold≥1, MeasureThreshold≤255*****{HTuple end_val79 = (hv_MeasureThreshold.TupleLength()) - 1;HTuple step_val79 = 1;for (hv_Index1 = 0; hv_Index1.Continue(end_val79, step_val79); hv_Index1 += step_val79){if (0 != (HTuple(hv_MeasureThreshold[hv_Index1]) < 1)){hv_MeasureThreshold[hv_Index1] = 1;}if (0 != (HTuple(hv_MeasureThreshold[hv_Index1]) > 255)){hv_MeasureThreshold[hv_Index1] = 255;}}}//****NumInstances ≥1*****TupleInt(hv_NumInstances, &hv_num_instances);if (0 != (hv_num_instances < 1)){hv_num_instances = 1;}//****NumMeasures ≥1******TupleInt(hv_NumMeasures, &hv_num_measures);if (0 != (hv_num_measures < 1)){hv_num_measures = 1;}//****MeasureTransion: 'positive' or 'negative'*****TupleIsString(hv_MeasureTransition, &hv_IsString);if (0 != hv_IsString){TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureTransition, (HTuple("positive").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches1);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches1 == 1)){hv_measure_transition = "positive";}TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureTransition, (HTuple("negative").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches2);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches2 == 1)){hv_measure_transition = "negative";}TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureTransition, (HTuple("all").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches3);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches3 == 1)){hv_measure_transition = "all";}}//****MeasureSelect: 'first' or 'last'*****TupleIsString(hv_MeasureSelect, &hv_IsString1);if (0 != hv_IsString1){TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureSelect, (HTuple("first").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches4);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches4 == 1)){hv_measure_select = "first";}TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureSelect, (HTuple("last").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches5);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches5 == 1)){hv_measure_select = "last";}TupleRegexpTest(hv_MeasureSelect, (HTuple("all").Append("ignore_case")), &hv_NumMatches6);if (0 != (hv_NumMatches6 == 1)){hv_measure_select = "all";}}//********************//****2.找直线函数*****//********************CreateMetrologyModel(&hv_MetrologyHandle);//****添加多个直线寻找---3/7*****//for Index3 := 0 to |MeasureLength|-1 by 1//for Index4 := 0 to |MeasureWidth|-1 by 1//for Index5 := 0 to |MeasureSigma|-1 by 1//for Index6 := 0 to |MeasureThreshold|-1 by 1//set_metrology_model_image_size (MetrologyHandle, Width, Height)//add_metrology_object_line_measure (MetrologyHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2, MeasureLength[Index3], MeasureWidth[Index4], MeasureSigma[Index5], MeasureThreshold[Index6], [], [], IndexLine)//endfor//endfor//endfor//endfor//add_metrology_object_line_measure (MetrologyHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2, MeasureLength, MeasureWidth, MeasureSigma, MeasureThreshold, [], [], Index)SetMetrologyModelImageSize(hv_MetrologyHandle, hv_Width, hv_Height);AddMetrologyObjectLineMeasure(hv_MetrologyHandle, hv_Row1, hv_Column1, hv_Row2,hv_Column2, hv_MeasureLength, hv_MeasureWidth, hv_MeasureSigma, hv_MeasureThreshold,HTuple(), HTuple(), &hv_IndexLine);SetMetrologyObjectParam(hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "num_instances", hv_num_instances);SetMetrologyObjectParam(hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "measure_select", hv_measure_select);SetMetrologyObjectParam(hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "measure_transition", hv_measure_transition);SetMetrologyObjectParam(hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "num_measures", hv_num_measures);ApplyMetrologyModel(ho_Image, hv_MetrologyHandle);if (0 != (hv_IndexLine > 0)){GetMetrologyObjectMeasures(&(*ho_MeasureContour), hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "all", &hv_RowMeasure, &hv_ColumnMeasure);GetMetrologyObjectResultContour(&ho_MeasuredLines, hv_MetrologyHandle, "all", "all", 1.5);(*hv_LineFind) = 1;}else{(*hv_LineFind) = 0;}//**********************//****3.获取直线参数*****//**********************{HTuple end_val163 = hv_IndexLine;HTuple step_val163 = 1;for (hv_IndexSearch = 0; hv_IndexSearch.Continue(end_val163, step_val163); hv_IndexSearch += step_val163){GetMetrologyObjectResult(hv_MetrologyHandle, hv_IndexSearch, "all", "result_type", "all_param", &hv_Frame_Parameter);if (0 != ((hv_Frame_Parameter.TupleLength()) == (hv_num_instances * 4))){(*hv_LineFind) = 1;{HTuple end_val167 = ((hv_Frame_Parameter.TupleLength()) / 4) - 1;HTuple step_val167 = 1;for (hv_Index2 = 0; hv_Index2.Continue(end_val167, step_val167); hv_Index2 += step_val167){(*hv_RowStart)[hv_Index2] = HTuple(hv_Frame_Parameter[hv_Index2 * hv_num_instances]);(*hv_ColumnStart)[hv_Index2] = HTuple(hv_Frame_Parameter[(hv_Index2 * hv_num_instances) + 1]);(*hv_RowEnd)[hv_Index2] = HTuple(hv_Frame_Parameter[(hv_Index2 * hv_num_instances) + 2]);(*hv_ColumnEnd)[hv_Index2] = HTuple(hv_Frame_Parameter[(hv_Index2 * hv_num_instances) + 3]);}}}if (0 != (HTuple((*hv_LineFind) == 1).TupleOr(hv_IndexSearch == hv_IndexLine))){GetMetrologyObjectResultContour(&(*ho_ResultContour), hv_MetrologyHandle, hv_IndexSearch, "all", 1.5);GetMetrologyObjectMeasures(&(*ho_MeasureContour), hv_MetrologyHandle, hv_IndexSearch, "all", &(*hv_RowFrame), &(*hv_ColumnFrame));ClearMetrologyModel(hv_MetrologyHandle);break;}}}return;
}

注意

我还有更简洁的版本

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基于halcon的直线查找之卡尺

基于halcon的直线查找之卡尺

直线卡尺

CTRL + CV时刻

注意

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