Fatal message conversion error； message rejected； it will be dropped or routed to

最近项目中，消费端在消费MQ队列中的消息中报错：Fatal message conversion error; message rejected; it will be dropped or routed to a dead letter exchange ,if so configure.......

org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.exception.ListenerExecutionFailedException: Listener method could not be invoked with the incoming message
Endpoint handler details:
Method [public void com.rabbit.producer.RabbitProducer.receiver.OrderRecevier.onOrderMessage(com.rabbit.producer.RabbitProducer.entity.Order,com.rabbitmq.client.Channel,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>) throws java.lang.Exception]
Bean [com.rabbit.producer.RabbitProducer.receiver.OrderRecevier@600b7b3d]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:185) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.onMessage(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:120) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1414) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.actualInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1337) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.invokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1324) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.executeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1303) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.doReceiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:817) [spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.receiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:801) [spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.access$700(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:77) [spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageProcessingConsumer.run(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:1042) [spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_71]
Caused by: org.springframework.messaging.converter.MessageConversionException: Cannot convert from [com.rabbit.Springboot4RabbitMQ.entity.Order] to [com.rabbit.producer.RabbitProducer.entity.Order] for GenericMessage [payload=Order [id=RabbitMQTestId0002, name=HelloWorld, messageId=1538919928275$0836e0e7-4976-457e-92fb-44b937255855], headers={amqp_receivedDeliveryMode=PERSISTENT, amqp_receivedRoutingKey=order.ABC, amqp_receivedExchange=order-exchange, amqp_deliveryTag=1, amqp_consumerQueue=order-queue, amqp_redelivered=false, id=0ffe4dcd-048f-f274-bca9-5550f9ecebb1, amqp_consumerTag=amq.ctag-82Oo3kl1I138E2pvVRsczA, contentType=application/x-java-serialized-object, timestamp=1538919929083}]at org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.support.PayloadArgumentResolver.resolveArgument(PayloadArgumentResolver.java:144) ~[spring-messaging-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar:5.0.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.messaging.handler.invocation.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:116) ~[spring-messaging-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar:5.0.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.messaging.handler.invocation.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:137) ~[spring-messaging-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar:5.0.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.messaging.handler.invocation.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:109) ~[spring-messaging-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar:5.0.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.HandlerAdapter.invoke(HandlerAdapter.java:51) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:182) ~[spring-rabbit-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar:2.0.5.RELEASE]... 10 common frames omitted

经过定位分析，原因是在MQ消息的生产端，设置了序列化转换Jackson2JsonMessageConverter，而默认的序列化类为SimpleMessageConverter。且在消费端没有设置反序列化转换。

解决办法：

写了个自定义MessageConverter，自定义类继承了Jackson2JsonMessageConverter，重写了createMessage方法，指定部分对象的消息走SimpleMessageConverter的序列化逻辑，其余走Jackson2JsonMessageConverter的序列化逻辑。

知识补充：

RabbitMq的序列化是指Message的body属性，即我们真正需要传输的内容。

RabbitMq抽象出一个MessageConvert接口处理消息的序列化，其实现有SimpleMessageConverter，Jackson2JsonMessageConverter等。

其中默认的序列化类为SimpleMessageConverter。

只有调用了convertAndSend方法才会使用相应的MessageConvert进行消息的序列化与反序列化。

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhaozhenzuo/article/details/46623213

https://blog.csdn.net/Sadlay/article/details/86716028

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