安装前准备

基础系统：CentOS 7

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

1.下载keepalived

方法一：

yum -y install keepalived

#下载安装文件

cd /usr/local

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.0.18.tar.gz

#解压文件

tar -zxvf keepalived-2.0.18.tar.gz

#编译

cd keepalived-2.0.18/

#--prefix 指定安装地址

#/usr/local/keepalived/ 安装的目录，不要和自己安装文件一个目录，不然报错

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/

#编译并安装

make && make install

2.配置

复制文件：

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived-2.0.18/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived-2.0.18/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

编辑：

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf内容如下

global_defs {

notification_email {

#mr@mruse.cn # 指定keepalived在发生切换时需要发送email到的对象，一行一个

#sysadmin@firewall.loc

}

notification_email_from xxx@163.com # 指定发件人

smtp_server smtp@163.com # smtp 服务器地址

smtp_connect_timeout 30 # smtp 服务器连接超时时间

router_id LVS_1 # 必填，标识本节点的字符串,通常为hostname,但不一定非得是hostname,故障发生时,邮件通知会用到

}

vrrp_script chk_tomcat { #详细看下面

script "/etc/keepalived/tomcat_check.sh" #检测服务shell

interval 2 #每个多长时间探测一次

weight -20 #每个多长时间探测一次

}

_instance VI_1 { # 实例名称

state MASTER # 必填，可以是MASTER或BACKUP，不过当其他节点keepalived启动时会将priority比较大的节点选举为MASTER

interface ens33 # 必填， 节点固有IP(非VIP)的网卡，用来发VRRP包做心跳检测

mcast_src_ip 192.168.2.89 #本机的ip，需要修改

virtual_router_id 101 # 必填，虚拟路由ID,取值在0-255之间,用来区分多个instance的VRRP组播,同一网段内ID不能重复;主备必须为一样;

priority 100 # 必填，用来选举master的,要成为master那么这个选项的值最好高于其他机器50个点,该项取值范围是1-255(在此范围之外会被识别成默认值100)

advert_int 1 # 必填，检查间隔默认为1秒,即1秒进行一次master选举(可以认为是健康查检时间间隔)

authentication { # 必填，认证区域,认证类型有PASS和HA(IPSEC),推荐使用PASS(密码只识别前8位)

auth_type PASS # 默认是PASS认证

auth_pass 1111 # PASS认证密码

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.2.90 # 必填，虚拟VIP地址,允许多个

}

track_script { # 检测shell

chk_tomcat

}

}

vrrp_script 里的script返回值为0时认为检测成功，其它值都会当成检测失败；

weight 为正时，脚本检测成功时此weight会加到priority上，检测失败时不加；

A.主失败：主 priority < 从 priority + weight 时会切换。

B.主成功：主 priority + weight > 从 priority + weight 时，主依然为主

weight 为负时，脚本检测成功时此weight不影响priority，检测失败时priority – abs(weight)

A.主失败：主 priority – abs(weight) < 从priority 时会切换主从

主成功：主 priority > 从priority 主依然为主

检测shell：/etc/keepalived/tomcat_check.sh 可以根据 tomcat 服务检测结果返回不同的值，成功执行 exit 0 返回 0，失败执行 exit 1 返回 1，vrrp_script 可以结合返回值来对当前keepalived优先级做处理

3.开启服务

设置 keepalived 服务开机启动

# chkconfig keepalived on

# 启动keepalived 服务

# service keepalived start

查看keepalived进程，出现如下三个进程即为启动成功

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep keep

root 7925 1 0 11:27 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D

root 7926 1 0 11:27 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D

root 7927 7926 0 11:27 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D

root 7956 7888 0 12:02 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keep

4.指定日志的输出文件

修改 /etc/sysconfig

vim /etc/sysconfig

#指定位置修改为如下内容

KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -d -S 0"

修改 /etc/rsyslog.conf

vim /etc/rsyslog.conf

#在最后一行添加如下内容

local0.* /var/log/keepalived.log

重启服务测试

service rsyslog restart

service rsyslog restart

#如下命令有日志内容输出即为成功

tailf /var/log/keepalived.log

#centos 基本可以成功，但是 debain 可能失败，失败上面 2 个文件可以改为如下内容，再重启服务测试

KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -d -S 1"

local1.* /var/log/keepalived.log

如果有哪些不对的地方烦请指认，先行感谢