qt对excel的基本操作

1.环境

1.1 配置方面

① 确保Excel软件在本地服务器注册成功，没注册成功的可以通过在运行中"E:\program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\EXCEL.EXE" /regserver 手动注册，注意路径要用自己的excel路径。

② 确保组件配制正确，运行命令：dcomcnfg，查看DCOM配置下是否有Microsoft Excel Application，有的话万事大吉，开始设置（1）常规，身份验证：无（2）安全、配制权限自定义，控制权限，完全控制选中，保存

2.指令

2.1 常用操作指令

连接Excel控件

QAxWidget excel(“Excel.Application”);

显示当前窗口：
excel.setProperty(“Visible”, true);

更改 Excel 标题栏：
excel.setProperty(“Caption”, “Invoke Microsoft Excel”);

不显示任何警告信息

setProperty(“DisplayAlerts”,0)

添加新工作簿：
QAxObject * workbooks = excel.querySubObject(“WorkBooks”);
workbooks->dynamicCall(“Add”);

打开已存在的工作簿：
workbooks->dynamicCall(“Open (const QString&)”, QString(“c:/test.xls”));

获取活动工作簿：
QAxObject * workbook = excel.querySubObject(“ActiveWorkBook”);

获取所有的工作表：
QAxObject * worksheets = workbook->querySubObject(“WorkSheets”);

获取工作表数量：
int intCount = worksheets->property(“Count”).toInt();

获取第一个工作表：
QAxObject * worksheet = workbook->querySubObject(“Worksheets(int)”, 1);

获取cell的值：
QAxObject * range = worksheet->querySubObject(“Cells(int,int)”, 1, 1 );

获取已使用区域

m_pworksheet->querySubObject(“UsedRange”)

获取行数

QAxObject *rows = usedrange->querySubObject(“Rows”);

int nRows = rows->property(“Count”).toInt();

获取列数

QAxObject *columns = usedrange->querySubObject(“Columns”);

int nCols = columns->property(“Count”).toInt();

2.2 设置单元格属性

QAxObject *pCell = work_sheet->querySubObject("Range(const QString&)", "A1:C1");
if (pCell)
{                       //字体对齐（居中）pCell ->setProperty("HorizontalAlignment", -4108);//左对齐（xlLeft）：-4131  居中（xlCenter）：-4108  右对齐（xlRight）：-4152pCell ->setProperty("VerticalAlignment", -4108); //上对齐（xlTop）-4160 居中（xlCenter）：-4108  下对齐（xlBottom）：-4107//设置字体QAxObject *font = pCell->querySubObject("Font");  //获取单元格字体font->setProperty("Bold", true);  //字体加粗font->setProperty("Name", QStringLiteral("华文彩云"));  //设置单元格字体font->setProperty("Bold", true);  //设置单元格字体加粗font->setProperty("Size", 20);  //设置单元格字体大小font->setProperty("Italic", true);  //设置单元格字体斜体font->setProperty("Underline", 2);  //设置单元格下划线font->setProperty("Color", QColor(255, 0, 0));  //设置单元格字体颜色（红色）//设置单元格背景色（灰色）QColor bkColor(125, 125, 125);QAxObject* interior = pCell->querySubObject("Interior");interior->setProperty("Color", bkColor);//绘制单元格边框（黑色）QAxObject* border = pCell->querySubObject("Borders");border->setProperty("Color", QColor(0, 0, 0)); //创建组QAxObject* rows = pCell->querySubObject("Rows");rows->querySubObject("Group");
}//宽度自适应
auto range = work_sheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");
QAxObject * cells = range->querySubObject("Columns");
if (cells)
{cells->dynamicCall("AutoFit");
}   //设置单元格格式（文本）
QAxObject *oRange = work_sheet->querySubObject("Range(QString)", "A1:A99");
if (oRange)
{oRange->setProperty("NumberFormatLocal", "@");
}oRange = work_sheet->querySBubObject("Range(QString)", "A1:B1");
if (oRange)
{pCell ->setProperty("WrapText", true); //内容过多，自动换行pCell ->setProperty("MergeCells", true); //合并单元格//pCell ->setProperty("MergeCells", false);  //拆分单元格//pcell->dynamicCall("ClearContents()");  //清空单元格内容
}

3.问题

3.1 Open失败

querySubObject(“Open(QString&)”，“path”）命令执行是出现如下异常信息

报错：800706BE 远程过程调用失败

描述：改报错在dynamicCall(“SetVisible(bool)”, true)时不会报错

去掉下面pdf的勾选

4.excel操作

4.1 初始化excel环境

连接COM组件，设置基本属性

int InitExcel()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINCoInitialize(nullptr);m_pExcel = new QAxObject();bool b_ret = m_pExcel->setControl("Excel.Application");if (!b_ret){b_ret = m_pExcel->setControl("ket.Application");if (!b_ret){return -1;}}m_pExcel->dynamicCall("SetVisible(bool)", false);m_pExcel->setProperty("DisplayAlerts", false);m_pWorkBooks = m_pExcel->querySubObject("WorkBooks");if (!m_pWorkBooks){CloseExcel();return -2;}return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.2 打开Excel

int OpenExcel(const QString& path)
{int i_ret = 0;
#ifdef Q_OS_WINi_ret = InitExcel();if (0 != i_ret){return -1;}CloseWorkBook();QFile file(path);if (!file.exists()){CreateExcel(path);}else{m_pWorkBook = m_pWorkBooks->querySubObject("Open(QString&)", QDir::toNativeSeparators(path));if (!m_pWorkBook){return -2;}}file.close();m_pWorkSheets = m_pWorkBook->querySubObject("Sheets");if (!m_pWorkSheets){return -3;}m_pWorkSheet = m_pWorkSheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", 1);if (!m_pWorkSheet){return -4;}m_sFileName = path;return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}//关闭workbook
void CloseWorkBook()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINif (m_pWorkBook){QVariant ret = m_pWorkBook->dynamicCall("Close()");}
#endif
}void CreateExcel(const QString &path)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkBooks);if (m_pWorkBooks){m_pWorkBooks->dynamicCall("Add");m_pWorkBook = m_pExcel->querySubObject("ActiveWorkBook");SaveAsExcel(path);}
#endif
}

4.3 另存为

int SaveAsExcel(const QString& path)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkBook);try{if (m_pWorkBook){QVariant ret = m_pWorkBook->dynamicCall("SaveAs(const QString &)", QDir::toNativeSeparators(path));if (ret.toBool()){return 0;}}}catch (...){return -2;}return -1;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.4 关闭Excel

void CloseExcel()
{m_sFileName = "";#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkBooks);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkBooks->isNull());if (m_pWorkBooks && !m_pWorkBooks->isNull()){QVariant ret = m_pWorkBooks->dynamicCall("Close()");}if (m_pExcel){QVariant ret = m_pExcel->dynamicCall("Quit()");}RELEASE_POINTER(m_pWorkSheet);RELEASE_POINTER(m_pWorkSheets);RELEASE_POINTER(m_pWorkBook);RELEASE_POINTER(m_pWorkBooks);RELEASE_POINTER(m_pExcel);CoUninitialize();
#endif
}

4.5 宽度自适应

int ColumnAutoFit()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheet);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (m_pWorkSheet && !m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){try{QAxObject *rang = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");QAxObject *columns = rang->querySubObject("Columns");if (columns){QVariant var = columns->dynamicCall("AutoFit");RELEASE_POINTER(columns);}RELEASE_POINTER(rang);}catch (...){return -2;}return 0;}return -1;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.6 获取工作表数量

int GetWorkSheetCount()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheets);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (m_pWorkSheets && !m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){return m_pWorkSheets->property("Count").toInt();}return -1;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.7 读取所有数据

int ReadAll(QList<QList<QVariant>> &list)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheets);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (!m_pWorkSheet && m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){return -1;}list.clear();QAxObject* usedRange = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");//auto var = usedRange->dynamicCall("Value()");auto var = usedRange->property("Value2");auto rowList = var.toList();for (auto rowData : rowList){auto subData = rowData.toList();QList<QVariant> subList;for (auto data : subData){subList.push_back(data);}list.push_back(subList);}RELEASE_POINTER(usedRange);return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.8 将List数据写入表格

int Write(const QList<QList<QVariant>> &data, bool overwrite)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheets);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (data.size() <= 0){return -1;}if (!m_pWorkSheet && m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){return -2;}QVariantList variantList;for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); i++){variantList.push_back(data.at(i));}QVariant variant = (QVariant)variantList;int i_row = data.size();int i_col = data.at(0).size();int i_row_start = 1;int i_row_count = 0;if (!overwrite){i_row_count = GetRowCount();i_row_start = i_row_count + 1;}QString strRang;ConvertToColName(i_col, strRang);strRang += QString::number(i_row + i_row_count);strRang = QString("A%1:").arg(i_row_start) + strRang;try{QAxObject *range = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("Range(const QString&)", strRang);range->setProperty("Value2", variant);range->setProperty("WrapText", true); //内容过多自动换行range->setProperty("NumberFormatLocal", "@"); //设置单元格格式（文本）range->setProperty("HorizontalAlignment", -4108);//左对齐（xlLeft）：-4131  居中（xlCenter）：-4108  右对齐（xlRight）：-4152range->setProperty("VerticalAlignment", -4108); //上对齐（xlTop）-4160 居中（xlCenter）：-4108  下对齐（xlBottom）：-4107QAxObject *border = range->querySubObject("Borders");border->setProperty("Color", QColor(0, 0, 0)); //设置边框颜色RELEASE_POINTER(border);RELEASE_POINTER(range);}catch (...){return -3;}return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}//
QString ConvertToLetters(int data)
{QChar ch = data + 0x40; //A对应0x41return QString(ch);
}void ConvertToColName(int data, QString &res)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(data > 0 && data < 65535);int tempData = data / 26;if (tempData > 0){int mode = data % 26;ConvertToColName(mode, res);ConvertToColName(tempData, res);}else{res = ConvertToLetters(data) + res;}
#endif
}

4.9 获取某个单元格的数据

int GetCellValue(const int row, const int column, QVariant &value)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheet);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (!m_pWorkSheet && !m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){return -1;}try{QAxObject *range = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("Cells(int,int)", row, column);auto var = range->property("Value2");value = var;RELEASE_POINTER(range);}catch (...){return -2;}return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.10 设置某个单元格的数据

int SetCellValue(const int row, const int column, const QVariant &value)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheet);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkSheet->isNull());if (!m_pWorkSheet && !m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){return -1;}try{QAxObject *range = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("Cells(int,int)", row, column);bool ret = range->setProperty("Value2", value);RELEASE_POINTER(range);}catch (...){return -2;}return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.11 设置当前操作worksheet序号


int SetWorkSheetNum(const int num)
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkBook);Q_ASSERT(!m_pWorkBook->isNull());if (!m_pWorkBook && !m_pWorkBook->isNull()){return -1;}if (m_pWorkSheet){    RELEASE_POINTER(m_pWorkSheet);}try{m_pWorkSheet = m_pWorkBook->querySubObject("Worksheets(int)", num);}catch (...){return -2;}return 0;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.12 获取总列数

int GetColumnCount()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheet);if (m_pWorkSheet && !m_pWorkSheet->isNull()){int nCols = 0;try{QAxObject *usedRange = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");QAxObject *columns = usedRange->querySubObject("Columns");nCols = columns->property("Count").toInt();RELEASE_POINTER(columns);RELEASE_POINTER(usedRange);}catch (...){return -2;}return nCols;}return -1;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}

4.13 获取总行数

int GetRowCount()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WINQ_ASSERT(m_pWorkSheet);if (m_pWorkSheet){int nRows = 0;try{QAxObject *usedRange = m_pWorkSheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");if (usedRange){QAxObject *rows = usedRange->querySubObject("Rows");if (rows){nRows = rows->property("Count").toInt();RELEASE_POINTER(rows);}      RELEASE_POINTER(usedRange);}}catch (...){return -2;}return nRows;}return -1;
#elsereturn -1;
#endif
}