声明：本人对自动化运维技术比较感兴趣，于8月购买了一本为名《Python自动化运维技术与最佳实践》的书籍，准备将自己的学习过程记录如下，仅供学习之用。

环境介绍：

操作系统：redhat6.4 64位

python版本：2.6.6

一、源码方式安装psutil

下载地址：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil

我是下载psutil3.0这个版本（psutil-3.0.0.tar.gz ）

[root@localhost opt]# tar -xvf psutil-3.0.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost opt]# cd psutil-3.0.0

[root@localhost psutil-3.0.0]# python setup.py install

二、获取系统性能信息

（1）cpu信息

[root@localhost python]# python

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Oct 12 2012, 14:23:48)

[GCC 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import psutil

>>> psutil.cpu_times()

scputimes(user=11.65, nice=0.0, system=38.359999999999999, idle=977.19000000000005, iowait=15.48, irq=0.67000000000000004, softirq=1.97, steal=0.0, guest=0.0)

>>> psutil.cpu_times().user    #获取单项数据信息，如用户user的CPU时间比

11.69

>>> psutil.cpu_count()        #获取CPU的逻辑个数，默认logical=True

1

>>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) #获取CPU的物理个数

(2)内存信息

>>> psutil.virtual_memory()    #使用psutil.virtual_memory方法获取内存完整信息

svmem(total=3154972672L, available=2967654400L, percent=5.9000000000000004, used=394760192L, free=2760212480L, active=124850176, inactive=165478400, buffers=29954048L, cached=177487872)

>>> psutil.virtual_memory().total    #获取内存总数

3154972672L

>>> psutil.virtual_memory().free    #获取空闲内存数

2760085504L

>>> psutil.virtual_memory().buffers #获取缓冲使用数

30068736L

#获取SWAP分区信息

>>> psutil.swap_memory()

sswap(total=3221217280L, used=0L, free=3221217280L, percent=0.0, sin=0, sout=0)

（3）磁盘信息

>>> psutil.disk_partitions()    #获取磁盘完整信息

[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda3', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/boot', fstype='ext4', opts='rw'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sdc1', mountpoint='/data', fstype='ext4', opts='rw')]

>>> psutil.disk_usage('/')    #获取分区的使用情况

sdiskusage(total=17437650944, used=12692647936, free=3859218432, percent=72.799999999999997)

>>> psutil.disk_io_counters()  #获取硬盘总的IO个数、读写信息

sdiskio(read_count=5616, write_count=2090, read_bytes=210427392, write_bytes=17358848, read_time=294074, write_time=24870)

>>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True)    #perdisk=True参数获取单个分区IO个数、读写信息

{'sdc1': sdiskio(read_count=560, write_count=1, read_bytes=2271744, write_bytes=4096, read_time=299, write_time=41), 'sdb1': sdiskio(read_count=313, write_count=0, read_bytes=1240064, write_bytes=0, read_time=159, write_time=0), 'sda2': sdiskio(read_count=363, write_count=0, read_bytes=1486848, write_bytes=0, read_time=989, write_time=0), 'sda3': sdiskio(read_count=3944, write_count=2108, read_bytes=203645952, write_bytes=17469440, read_time=289724, write_time=24761), 'sda1': sdiskio(read_count=436, write_count=3, read_bytes=1782784, write_bytes=12288, read_time=2903, write_time=86)}

（4）网络信息

>>> psutil.net_io_counters() #获取网络总的IO信息、默认pernic=False

snetio(bytes_sent=412708, bytes_recv=281914, packets_sent=6402, packets_recv=3333, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)

>>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) #获取每个网络接口的IO信息

{'lo': snetio(bytes_sent=174280, bytes_recv=174280, packets_sent=2151, packets_recv=2151, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'eth0': snetio(bytes_sent=251908, bytes_recv=118562, packets_sent=4406, packets_recv=1305, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}

>>> psutil.net_if_stats()    #获取每个网络接口的状态

{'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=0, speed=0, mtu=16436), 'eth0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=2, speed=1000, mtu=1500)}

>>> psutil.net_if_addrs()    #获取每个网络接口的地址信息

{'lo': [snic(family=2, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1'), snic(family=10, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None), snic(family=17, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00')], 'lo:0': [snic(family=2, address='192.168.1.200', netmask='255.255.255.255', broadcast='192.168.1.200')], 'eth0': [snic(family=2, address='192.168.1.108', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255'), snic(family=10, address='fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:89ee%eth0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None), snic(family=17, address='00:0c:29:61:89:ee', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff')]}

（5）获取其他系统信息

>>> psutil.users()    #返回当前登陆系统的用户信息

[suser(name='timesten', terminal='pts/0', host='192.168.1.5', started=1441249920.0), suser(name='root', terminal='pts/1', host='192.168.1.5', started=1441250048.0)]

>>> psutil.boot_time()    #获取开机时间，以linux时间戳格式返回

1441249379.0

>>> import datetime

>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

'2015-09-03 11:02:59'