参考：

代码是在vtk560环境下写出来的。下面直接贴代码：

using vtk;

namespace dicomorientationtest

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

#region 私有成员

private vtk.vtkFormsWindowControl vtkFormsWindowControl1 = null;

private vtk.vtkDICOMImageReader _reader = null;

private vtk.vtkVolume _vtkVolume = null;

private vtk.vtkRenderer _render = null;

private vtk.vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor _iren = new vtk.vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor();

private vtk.vtkRenderWindow _renwin = null;

private vtk.vtkFollower textActor;

#endregion

#region 属性

public string FileDir

{

get;

set;

}

#endregion

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

InitRenderWindow();

}

private void InitRenderWindow()

{

this.vtkFormsWindowControl1 = new vtkFormsWindowControl();

this.SuspendLayout();

this.vtkFormsWindowControl1.Name = "vtkFormsWindowControl1";

this.vtkFormsWindowControl1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 800);

this.vtkFormsWindowControl1.TabIndex = 0;

this.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(10, 10);

this.vtkFormsWindowControl1.Text = "vtkFormsWindowControl1";

this.Controls.Add(vtkFormsWindowControl1);

}

private void btn_Open_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

FolderBrowserDialog dlg = new FolderBrowserDialog();

if (DialogResult.OK == dlg.ShowDialog())

{

FileDir = dlg.SelectedPath;

}

}

private void btn_render_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(FileDir))

{

_render = new vtkRenderer();

#region dicom

_reader = new vtkDICOMImageReader();

_reader.SetDirectoryName(FileDir);

_reader.SetDataByteOrderToLittleEndian();

_reader.Update();

int[] dimensions = _reader.GetOutput().GetDimensions();

#region opacity transfer

vtkPiecewiseFunction compositeOpacity = new vtkPiecewiseFunction();

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(-2048, 0);

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(128.643, 0);

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(129.982, 0.0982143);

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(173.636, 0.1);

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(255.884, 0.1);

compositeOpacity.AddPoint(3661, 1);

//compositeOpacity.AddPoint(173.636, 0);

//compositeOpacity.AddPoint(255.884, 0);

//compositeOpacity.AddPoint(3661, 0);

#endregion

#region colortransfer

vtkColorTransferFunction colorFun = new vtkColorTransferFunction();

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(-2048, 0, 0, 0);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(128.643, 0, 0, 0);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(129.982, 0.615686, 0, 0.0156863);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(173.636, 0.909804, 0.454902, 0);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(255.884, 0.886275, 0.886275, 0.886275);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(584.878, 0.968627, 0.968627, 0.968627);

colorFun.AddRGBPoint(3661, 1, 1, 1);

#endregion

vtkVolumeProperty property = new vtkVolumeProperty();

property.ShadeOff();

property.SetInterpolationTypeToLinear();

property.SetColor(colorFun);

property.SetScalarOpacity(compositeOpacity);

property.SetDiffuse(0.9);

property.SetAmbient(0.1);

property.SetSpecular(0.2);

property.SetSpecularPower(10.0);

double[] range = _reader.GetOutput().GetScalarRange();

double min = range[0];

double max = range[1];

double diff = max - min;

double slope = 4095.0 / diff;//斜率

double inter = -slope * min;//截距

double shift = inter / slope;

vtkImageShiftScale vtkImageCast = new vtkImageShiftScale();

vtkImageCast.SetInput(_reader.GetOutput());

vtkImageCast.SetScale(slope);

vtkImageCast.SetShift(shift);

vtkImageCast.SetOutputScalarTypeToUnsignedShort();

vtkImageCast.Update();

vtkVolumeRayCastCompositeFunction compositefunction = new vtkVolumeRayCastCompositeFunction();

compositefunction.SetCompositeMethodToInterpolateFirst();

vtkVolumeRayCastMapper mapper = new vtkVolumeRayCastMapper();

mapper.SetVolumeRayCastFunction(compositefunction);

mapper.SetInput(vtkImageCast.GetOutput());

mapper.SetSampleDistance(0.1);

vtkVolume volume = new vtkVolume();

volume.SetMapper(mapper);

volume.SetProperty(property);

_render.AddViewProp(volume);

#endregion

#region axes

double[] space = _reader.GetOutput().GetSpacing();

Console.WriteLine("spacing[0]={0},[1]={1},[2]={2}", space[0], space[1], space[2]);

int[] extents = _reader.GetOutput().GetExtent();

Console.WriteLine("extents[0]={0},[1]={1},[2]={2},[3]={3},[4]={4},[5]={5}",

extents[0], extents[1], extents[2], extents[3], extents[4], extents[5]);

vtkTransform transform = new vtkTransform();

transform.Translate(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);

transform.Scale((extents[1]) * (space[0]), (extents[3]) * (space[1]), (extents[5]) * (space[2]));

vtkAxesActor axes = new vtkAxesActor();

axes.SetUserTransform(transform);

_render.AddActor(axes);

#endregion

#region  text

double scalesize=(extents[1]) * (space[0])/20;

//原点

vtkVectorText otext = new vtkVectorText();

otext.SetText("O");

vtkPolyDataMapper textMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

textMapper.SetInputConnection(otext.GetOutputPort());

textActor = new vtkFollower();

textActor.SetMapper(textMapper);

textActor.SetScale(scalesize,scalesize,scalesize);

textActor.AddPosition(0, -0.1, 0);

textActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(textActor);

//左 L

vtkVectorText lText = new vtkVectorText();

lText.SetText("L");

vtkPolyDataMapper lMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

lMapper.SetInputConnection(lText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower lActor = new vtkFollower();

lActor.SetMapper(lMapper);

lActor.SetScale(scalesize,scalesize,scalesize);

lActor.GetProperty().SetColor(0,1,0);

lActor.AddPosition((extents[1] * space[0])+10, (extents[3] * space[1]) / 2, (extents[5] * space[2]) / 2);

lActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(lActor);

//右 R

vtkVectorText rText = new vtkVectorText();

rText.SetText("R");

vtkPolyDataMapper rMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

rMapper.SetInputConnection(rText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower rActor = new vtkFollower();

rActor.SetMapper(rMapper);

rActor.SetScale(scalesize, scalesize, scalesize);

rActor.GetProperty().SetColor(1, 0, 0);

rActor.AddPosition(-10, (extents[3] * space[1]) / 2, (extents[5] * space[2]) / 2);

rActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(rActor);

//前 A

vtkVectorText aText = new vtkVectorText();

aText.SetText("A");

vtkPolyDataMapper aMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

aMapper.SetInputConnection(aText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower aActor = new vtkFollower();

aActor.SetMapper(aMapper);

aActor.SetScale(scalesize, scalesize, scalesize);

aActor.GetProperty().SetColor(0, 1, 0);

aActor.AddPosition((extents[1] * space[0]) / 2, (extents[3] * space[1])+10, (extents[5] * space[2]) / 2);

aActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(aActor);

//后 P

vtkVectorText pText = new vtkVectorText();

pText.SetText("P");

vtkPolyDataMapper pMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

pMapper.SetInputConnection(pText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower pActor = new vtkFollower();

pActor.SetMapper(pMapper);

pActor.SetScale(scalesize, scalesize, scalesize);

pActor.GetProperty().SetColor(1, 0, 0);

pActor.AddPosition((extents[1] * space[0]) / 2, -10, (extents[5] * space[2]) / 2);

pActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(pActor);

//头 H

vtkVectorText hText = new vtkVectorText();

hText.SetText("H");

vtkPolyDataMapper hMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

hMapper.SetInputConnection(hText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower hActor = new vtkFollower();

hActor.SetMapper(hMapper);

hActor.SetScale(scalesize, scalesize, scalesize);

hActor.GetProperty().SetColor(0, 1, 0);

hActor.AddPosition((extents[1] * space[0]) / 2,(extents[3] * space[1]) / 2,-10 );

hActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(hActor);

//脚 F

vtkVectorText fText = new vtkVectorText();

fText.SetText("F");

vtkPolyDataMapper fMapper = new vtkOpenGLPolyDataMapper();

fMapper.SetInputConnection(fText.GetOutputPort());

vtkFollower fActor = new vtkFollower();

fActor.SetMapper(fMapper);

fActor.SetScale(scalesize, scalesize, scalesize);

fActor.GetProperty().SetColor(0, 1, 0);

fActor.AddPosition((extents[1] * space[0]) / 2, (extents[3] * space[1]) / 2, (extents[5] * space[2])+10);

fActor.SetCamera(_render.GetActiveCamera());

_render.AddViewProp(fActor);

#endregion

_render.ResetCamera();

vtkFormsWindowControl1.GetRenderWindow().AddRenderer(_render);

_renwin = vtkFormsWindowControl1.GetRenderWindow();

_renwin.AddRenderer(_render);

_renwin.Render();

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先选定文件夹!");

}

}

}

}

效果图：