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基于MATLAB的换热器温度控制仿真研究.doc63页

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基于MATLAB的换热器温度控制仿真研究

摘 要

换热器作为一种标准工艺设备已经被广泛应用于动力工程领域和其他过程工业部门。以工业上常用的列管式换热器为例，热流体和冷流体通过对流热传导达到换热的目的，从而使换热器物料出口温度满足工业生产的需求。但是，由于换热系统这种被控对象具有纯滞后、大惯性、参数时变的非线性特点，传统的PID控制往往不能满足其静态、动态特性的要求。控制方式的单一性及目前制造工艺的限制，使换热器普遍存在控制效果差，换热效率低的现象，造成能源的浪费。如何提高换热器的控制效果，提高换热效率，对于缓解我国能源紧张的状况，具有长远的意义。

本课题是针对换热器实验设备温度控制的改进提出的。设计中首先通过对现阶段换热器出口温度控制的特点进行分析，从而发现了制约控制效果进一步提高的瓶颈，为下一步改善换热器的控制效果提供了理论依据。然后根据换热系统组成、控制流程的特点对换热器温度控制系统建立数学模型。再根据所建立的数学模型，联系换热器温度控制的特点，给出了相应的控制策略，即带Smith预估补偿的模糊串级控制方案。主回路采用Smith预估补偿的模糊控制算法，副回路采用模糊PID控制算法，并在理论上验证了其可行性。最后用MATLAB7.0/SIMULINK工具箱进行换热器出口温度的控制仿真，并对仿真结果进行分析，说明所设计的控制算法及方案的优越性。

关键词：换热器温度控制；PID控制；模糊控制；仿真

The heat exchanger based on MATLAB simulation of temperature control

Abstract

Heat exchanger as a standard process equipment has been widely used in the field of power engineering and other process industries. Commonly used in industrial heat exchanger tube as an example, the hot fluid and cold fluid heat transfer through convection heat transfer to achieve the purpose, so that heat exchanger outlet temperature materials to meet the needs of industrial production. However, as the heat exchange system that has a pure time delay plant, large inertia, the parameters of the nonlinear time-varying characteristics of the traditional PID control often can not meet the static and dynamic characteristics of the request. Control the uniformity and the current manufacturing process of the limit, so that the effect of heat exchanger to control the prevalence of poor, low heat transfer efficiency, resulting in waste of energy. How to improve the control of the effect of heat exchangers to improve heat transfer efficiency and ease the tense situation in our country's energy, with a long-term significance.

This issue is heat exchanger for temperature control of laboratory equipment to improve the proposed. first of all , The design stage through the heat exchanger outlet temperature control characteristics of the analysis, which found that the effect of restricting the control to fu

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