盒式滤波

If you have some old cassette tapes lying around, it’s a good idea to digitize and back them up before they decide to show their age and stop working.  In this guide, we’ll show how to convert your old collections to digital files, and the best practices for doing so.

如果周围有一些旧的盒式磁带，最好在将其决定年龄并停止工作之前对其进行数字化处理并备份。 在本指南中，我们将展示如何将您的旧馆藏转换为数字文件，以及最佳做法。

Image by cassettes.

图像由 暗盒组成 。

你需要什么 (What You’ll Need)

The media – You’ll obviously need a cassette or some variation (micro cassette, etc).  There are definitely some albums in circulation that were only ever released on cassettes, but, when possible, ripping a CD is going to produce far better results.  If you need to rip an old cassette from an answering machine or handheld recorder, this is the ideal guide for you.  Keep in mind that the more you play a tape, the more its signal is degraded.  Tapes are especially susceptible to heat, dirt, and magnetism, so get them converted while you can.

介质 –很显然，您需要一个盒式磁带或一些其他版本(微型盒式磁带等)。 肯定有一些发行中的专辑仅在盒式磁带上发行过，但是，如果可能的话， 翻录CD将产生更好的效果。 如果您需要从答录机或手持录音机中取出旧的录音带，这是适合您的理想指南。 请记住，播放磁带的次数越多，其信号衰减的程度就越大。 磁带特别容易受热，脏污和磁性的影响，因此请尽可能转换磁带。

A decent playback device

体面的播放设备

Photo by Pete.

图片由 皮特 。

Ideally, you’ll want to use a high-quality tape deck.  Those things are hard to come by nowadays, so you may have to settle for just about any cassette player you can get your hands on.  Since they’re rarely produced now, you may find an old one that has seen better days.  Just make sure that it doesn’t have any playback problems before you begin.  To test, make sure that there is no media currently in the player, plug in some head phones, and press play.  Listen for static or other strange sounds – every sound that the player makes in this process will be recorded into your digital file.  As long as you hear minimal noise (the less, the better), it should work fine.

理想情况下，您将要使用高质量的磁带座。 如今，这些事情很难解决，因此您可能不得不适应几乎所有可以使用的卡带播放器。 由于它们现在很少生产，因此您可能会发现陈年过的更好。 在开始之前，请确保它没有任何播放问题。 要进行测试，请确保播放器中当前没有媒体，插入一些耳机，然后按播放。 聆听静态或其他奇怪的声音-播放器在此过程中发出的每种声音都将记录到您的数字文件中。 只要您听到的噪音很小(越少越好)，它就可以正常工作。

An appropriate sound card – You don’t need anything fancy, you just need to have a microphone jack on your computer.

合适的声卡 –您不需要任何花哨的东西，只需要在计算机上安装麦克风插Kong即可。

Anything produced within the last few years should support stereo input at the same quality level as CDs. To check, navigate in Windows to:

最近几年生产的任何产品都应支持与CD相同质量水平的立体声输入。 要进行检查，请在Windows中导航至：

Control Panel > Sound > Recording > Right click Microphone > Properties > Advanced:

控制面板>声音>录音>右键单击麦克风>属性>高级：

An environment free from electrical noise – Recording cassettes is an analog process, so any interference from nearby electronics is picked up and recorded as audio.  Popping sounds and static are common in recordings that were done with their audio cable near power or RF sources.  To test the amount of noise your environment is producing, make sure there is no tape in your player, plug it into your computer, and start recording.  Listen for sounds other than the normal humming that playing a tape always produces to assess whether or not your other electronics are causing interference.

没有电噪声的环境 –录音带是一个模拟过程，因此可以拾取附近电子设备的任何干扰并将其记录为音频。 在音频或音频源靠近电源或射频源的情况下，录音中经常会出现爆音和静电。 要测试环境产生的噪音量，请确保播放器中没有磁带，将其插入计算机，然后开始录制。 聆听声音，而不是播放录音带通常会发出的嗡嗡声，以评估您的其他电子设备是否引起干扰。

如何开始录音 (How to Start Recording)

Now that you’ve got everything you need to get started, pop your cassette into the player and plug it into your computer.  Lower quality devices will require you to use the headphone jack, but better devices will be equipped with a line out jack, which is what you’ll want to use if you have it.

现在，您已经具备了开始所需的一切，将卡带放入播放器中，然后将其插入计算机。 质量较低的设备将要求您使用耳机插Kong，而质量较好的设备将配备一个输出插Kong，如果您有耳机插Kong，则需要使用该插Kong。

For line out, use a cable with two RCA jacks on one end and a 3.5mm headphone jack on the other.

要进行输出，请使用一端带有两个RCA插Kong，另一端带有3.5mm耳机插Kong的电缆。

If you’re using a device that only has a 3.5mm headphone jack, use a cable with the 3.5mm plug on both ends.

如果您使用的设备只有3.5毫米耳机插Kong，请使用两端带有3.5毫米插头的电缆。

With your cassette player plugged into your computer, open the program you plan to use for the recording.  In this guide, we’ll be working with Audacity.  Click that link to head over to their website and download the program.  Once Audacity has been installed, open it up and adjust the following settings:

将盒式磁带播放机插入计算机后，打开计划用于录制的程序。 在本指南中，我们将与Audacity合作 。 单击该链接转到其网站并下载程序。 一旦安装了Audacity，请打开它并调整以下设置：

Also, turn the input volume all the way up:

另外，将输入音量调到最大：

With those settings configured, you can go ahead and press record.

配置这些设置后，您可以继续并按记录。

Right after that, hit the play button on your tape player.

之后，点击磁带播放器上的播放按钮。

Now, you must wait for the duration of your tape.  If you accidentally go a bit over without pressing stop, it’s no big deal because we can cut out the excess later.  After your tape is done playing, hit the stop button and we’ll begin to process the recording.

现在，您必须等待磁带的持续时间。 如果您不小心按了一下就停了一下，那没什么大不了的，因为我们以后可以削减多余的部分。 磁带播放完毕后，按“停止”按钮，我们将开始处理录音。

You will undoubtedly have at least a couple seconds of excess noise at the beginning and end of your recording, so highlight that section (just drag your cursor across that area) and hit delete.

毫无疑问，在录制的开始和结束时，至少会有几秒钟的多余噪音，因此突出显示该部分(只需将光标拖动到该区域)，然后单击删除即可。

In the screenshot above, you can see we have a little more than a second of unnecessary noise (the time it took for us to hit play on the tape deck after we hit record in Audacity). The darker gray area is what we’ve highlighted and plan to delete.  Repeat this process for the end of your recording until you’ve gotten rid of all the excess noise.

在上面的屏幕截图中，您可以看到我们有多于一秒钟的不必要噪音(在Audacity中达到唱片录制后，我们在录音带上播放所花费的时间)。 灰色区域是我们突出显示并计划删除的区域。 在录制结束时重复此过程，直到消除所有多余的噪音为止。

After you’ve trimmed the excess and ensured that you got a quality recording (just hit play to hear what you’ve got), you can save the data into an audio file, such as MP3.  Just go to File > Export to be presented with all the formats that you can save your data in.

修剪掉多余的部分并确保获得高质量的录音后(只需点击播放即可听清所得到的内容)，您可以将数据保存到音频文件中，例如MP3。 只需转到“文件”>“导出”，即可显示所有可以保存数据的格式。

To compress your file into a reasonable size but still retain the maximum quality, select FLAC.  For maximum compatibility and more compression, while still retaining a very reasonable amount of quality, select MP3.

要将文件压缩为合理的大小，但仍保持最高质量，请选择FLAC。 为了获得最大的兼容性和更高的压缩率，同时仍保持非常合理的质量，请选择MP3。

For a full rundown on the differences between these file types, we’ve written a guide that covers all the different kinds of audio formats.  Once your data is exported, you can play back your file anytime you want in your favorite media player (or on your phone, etc).

为了全面了解这些文件类型之间的差异，我们编写了一份指南，涵盖了所有不同种类的音频格式 。 导出数据后，您可以随时在自己喜欢的媒体播放器(或手机等)上播放文件。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/177084/how-to-digitizebackup-cassette-tapes-and-other-old-media/

盒式滤波