探索ORACLE之RMAN_03一致性备份

作者：吴伟龙

在之前的已经提到过备份分为一致性备份和非一致性备份，它们的区别就在于数据库所处的备份状态不同，并且一致性备份不能做增量备份恢复，需停业务，一致性备份可以做到增量的备份恢复，从而不影响业务的正常流转。

创建一致性备份

创建一致性备份可以是在非归档模式下创建，并且数据库必须处于mount状态下，而且恢复的时候值能恢复到最后一次备份的状态。也就说从备份到发生故障的这段时间都将丢失。操作步骤如下:

1.1检查归档状态：

SQL> archive log list;

Database log modeNo Archive Mode

Automatic

archivalDisabled

Archive

destinationUSE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online

log sequence8

Current log

sequence10

SQL>

1.2将数据库启动到mount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database

closed.

Database

dismounted.

ORACLE instance

shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance

started.

Total System

Global Area285212672 bytes

Fixed Size1218968 bytes

Variable

Size79693416 bytes

Database

Buffers197132288 bytes

Redo

Buffers7168000 bytes

Database

mounted.

SQL>

1.3执行备份

1.3.1备份数据库

[oracle@wwldb ~]$ rman target /

Recovery

Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on ÐÇÆÚÒ» 5ÔÂ 21 14:53:47 2012

Copyright (c)

1982, 2005, Oracle.All rights reserved.

connected to

target database: WWL (DBID=5520179, not open)

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup

at 21-5ÔÂ -12

using target

database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated

channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel

ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel

ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel

ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile

fno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

input datafile

fno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile

fno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile

fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel

ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

channel

ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_06nbhucb_1_1

tag=TAG20120521T145403 comment=NONE

channel

ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16

Finished backup

at 21-5ÔÂ -12

Starting Control

File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece

handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-00 comment=NONE

Finished Control

File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

RMAN>

1.3.2备份USER表空间

RMAN> backup tablespace users;

Starting backup

at 21-5ÔÂ -12

using target

database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel:

ORA_DISK_1

channel

ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

channel

ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel

ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile

fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel

ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

channel

ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece

handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_08nbhvhe_1_1 tag=TAG20120521T151349 comment=NONE

channel

ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup

at 21-5ÔÂ -12

Starting Control

File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece

handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-01 comment=NONE

Finished Control

File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

RMAN>