1.工程介绍

工程是结合了Spring+struts2+hibernate，实现了一个简单的form表单提交的功能，可能需要对spring，struts2，hibernate有一个基础的了解才好理解。

2.工程结构图

首先来看一下整个工程的结构

3.java文件

User.java  -  用于往数据库中存入数据

package com.ssh.bean;public class User {private int userId;private String username;private String password;private int gender;public int getUserId() {return userId;}public void setUserId(int userId) {this.userId = userId;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public int getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(int gender) {this.gender = gender;}}

UserForm.java  -  用于接收页面传来的表单数据

package com.ssh.forms;public class UserForm {private String username;private String password;private int gender;public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public int getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(int gender) {this.gender = gender;}}

UserDao.java  -  用于实现数据接口层

package com.ssh.dao;import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository
public class UserDao{@Autowiredprivate SessionFactory sessionFactory;  private Session getCurrentSession() {  return sessionFactory.openSession();  }public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {this.getCurrentSession().save(obj);  }}

UserService.java  -  用于实现业务层逻辑

package com.ssh.service;import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.ssh.bean.User;
import com.ssh.dao.UserDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;@Service
public class UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserDao dao;public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {User user = new User();BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);dao.saveObject(user);}}

RegisterAction.java  -  struts2的Action

package com.ssh.action;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserService;public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private UserForm user;@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;public UserForm getUser() {return user;}public void setUser(UserForm user) {this.user = user;}public String execute() {try {userService.regUser(user);return SUCCESS;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return ERROR;}}}

4.配置信息

如第一张工程结构图可知，为了结构清晰，ssh的所有配置信息都放在resource路径下面。

struts.xml  -  struts2配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN""http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts><package name="default" extends="struts-default"><action name="register" class="com.ssh.action.RegisterAction"><result name="input">/Register.jsp</result><result name="success">/success.jsp</result><result name="error">/fail.jsp</result></action></package></struts>

hibernate.cfg.xml  -  hibernate的一些配置信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration><session-factory><!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 --><!-- 1. 数据源需配置到 IOC 容器中, 所以在此处不再需要配置数据源 --><!-- 2. 关联的 .hbm.xml 也在 IOC 容器配置 SessionFactory 实例时再进行配置 --><!-- 3. 配置 hibernate 的基本属性: 方言, SQL 显示及格式化, 生成数据表的策略以及二级缓存等. --><property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property><property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property><property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property><!-- 配置 hibernate 二级缓存相关的属性. --></session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

在本工程中将原来在hibernate中的数据源信息和关联的*.hbm.xml文件配置到了spring配置文件中由spring容器管理。

为了让工程结构调理清晰保留了hibernate.cfg.xml文件，并且把hibernate的基本属性配置写在了里面，也方便以后添加其他的配置信息。（hibernate的基本属性也可以配置到spring的配置文件当中，然后删除掉hibernate.cfg.xml文件，后面会具体讲述如何配置）

db.properties  - 抽取了数据源的基本信息，方便以后修改

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///ssh1jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

applicationContext.xml  -  spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"><!-- 配置自动扫描的包 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh"></context:component-scan><!-- 配置数据源 --><!-- 导入资源文件 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property><property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property><property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property></bean><!-- 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean 进行配置 --><bean id="sessionFactory"class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 配置数据源属性 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property><!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 --><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property><!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 --><property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/ssh/bean/*.hbm.xml"></property></bean><bean id="transactionManager"class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"><property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean></beans>

上面提到可以删除hibernate.cfg.xml文件，可以将spring配置文件中的  id=sessionFactory 的bean 替换如下即可：

<bean id="sessionFactory"class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 配置数据源属性 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property><!-- 使用 hibernateProperties 属相来配置 Hibernate 原生的属性 --><property name="hibernateProperties"><props><prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop><prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop><prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop><prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop></props></property><!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 --><property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/ssh/bean/*.hbm.xml"></property></bean>

web.xml  -  额外指定了 spring 和 struts2配置文件的路径

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN""http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" ><web-app><display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name><!-- struts.xml路径配置，若不配置需放到类路径下 --><init-param><param-name>config</param-name><param-value>../../resources/struts.xml</param-value></init-param><!-- spring配置文件路径，如不配置需放到web-inf下 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><filter><filter-name>struts2</filter-name><filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>struts2</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>Register.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>

pom.xml  -  配置了一些ssh框架所必需的jar包，有maven自动下载到本地仓库

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com</groupId><artifactId>ssh1</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>ssh1 Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.10</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 添加SSH依赖 --><!-- Struts2 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId><artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId><version>2.3.24</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId><artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.24.1</version></dependency><!-- 添加Hibernate依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>4.2.2.Final</version></dependency><!-- spring框架依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- 包含了大量注解@Autowired等。 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- 包含SessionFactory org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- 包含ContextLoaderListener 监听器 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!--  ApplicationContextInitializer --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- mysql驱动 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.26</version></dependency><!-- c3p0数据源 --><dependency><groupId>c3p0</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>0.9.1.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency><!-- 添加Log4J依赖 --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.16</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>1.6.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId><version>1.6.4</version></dependency><!-- 添加javassist --><dependency><groupId>javassist</groupId><artifactId>javassist</artifactId><version>3.11.0.GA</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>ssh1</finalName></build>
</project>

5.页面文件

Register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body><s:form action="register"><s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名"></s:textfield><s:password name="user.password" label="密码"></s:password><s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1"></s:select><s:submit value="注册"></s:submit></s:form></body>
</html>

success.js

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body><h1>SUCCESS</h1></body>
</html>

6.配置中遇到的一些问题和解决方法

1.hibernate配置了自动建表，但是程序运行之后不仅没有自动建表而且还总是提示无法找到表。

解决方法：hbm2ddl.auto 改成hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto 当然值也要改成create才可以自动建表。

.......

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