【STM32G431RBT6】蓝桥杯嵌入式 ADC采样DMA传输配置

一、介绍

蓝桥杯嵌入式开发板使用的是STM32G431RBT6，这个G系列的mcu使用STM32cubemax配置的时候和普通的F系列不太一样。

二、原理图

同时开发板预留了两个adc采样通道，分别是PB15和PB12，如果需要adc采样的话，这里我们这里使用两种方式，一种是adc直接采样CPU处理数据，另外一种是采用ADC采样加DMA传输。

三、STM32CUBEMAX配置

时钟配置 ：输入外部高速时钟为24MHZ，这里可以将主频调至170MHZ。

ADC配置 ：PB15和PB12位ADC输入

3-1 ADC直接采样

将IN11通道设置为single-ended
ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
其他配置不变

3-2 ADC采样+DMA传输

将IN11通道设置为single-ended
ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
DMA中断和ADC中断；
DMA设置circular，传输设为word

四、程序代码

注意这里两种配置方式对应不同的采样模式，我的建议的选择一种即可。然后两种的程序代码也不一样。

4-1 ADC直接采样

在主函数中直接调用getADC1（）和getADC2（）函数就可以完全可以，就是有点浪费资源

/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
uint16_t getADC1(void)  //得到ADC1的值
{uint16_t adc = 0;HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);adc = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);return adc;
}uint16_t getADC2(void) //得到ADC2的值
{uint16_t adc = 0;HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);   //调要HAL_ADC_Start()函数adc = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2);   //调要HAL_ADC_GetValue()函数获得adc的值return adc;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();MX_ADC1_Init();MX_ADC2_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LCD_Init();LCD_Clear(White);LCD_SetBackColor(White);LCD_SetTextColor(Black);LCD_Clear(White);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1 ,(unsigned char *)"   hello dma.   ");/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){  //3.3为总的电压值 2的12次方等于4096 用于对电压值分成一份sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  RES38_vol: %6.3f  ",getADC1()*(3.3/4096));    LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6, Lcd_Disp_String);sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  RES37_vol: %6.3f  ",getADC2()*(3.3/4096));LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, Lcd_Disp_String);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

4-2 ADC采样+DMA配置

这里使用DMA的时候需要有一段连续的代码空间来存放外设来到的数据;这里为什么是uint32_t呢，是因为我们直接配置dma的时候选择的word；

uint32_t ADC2_Value[30];
uint32_t ADC1_Value[30]

还需要将起始地址通过start函数赋值给dma。

HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1,(uint32_t*)&ADC1_Value,30);
HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc2,(uint32_t*)&ADC2_Value,30);

此外，由于dma传输的数据是连续传输的内存中的，使用时候还需要解析。

ADC_2=0;
for(uint8_t i=0;i<30;i++)
{ADC_2+=ADC2_Value[i++];
}
ADC_1=0;
for(uint8_t i=0;i<30;i++)
{ADC_1+=ADC1_Value[i++];
}
sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  dma: %1.4f  ",(float)ADC_2/30*3.3/4096);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, Lcd_Disp_String);sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  dma1: %1.4f  ",(float)ADC_1/30*3.3/4096);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, Lcd_Disp_String);

完整代码如下：

/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */uint32_t ADC_2;
uint32_t ADC2_Value[30];
uint32_t ADC_1;
uint32_t ADC1_Value[30];
unsigned char Lcd_Disp_String[21];
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();MX_ADC1_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_ADC2_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LCD_Init();LCD_Clear(White);LCD_SetBackColor(White);LCD_SetTextColor(Black);LCD_Clear(White);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1 ,(unsigned char *)"   hello   dma.   ");HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1,(uint32_t*)&ADC1_Value,30);HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc2,(uint32_t*)&ADC2_Value,30);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){ADC_2=0;  for(uint8_t i=0;i<30;i++){ADC_2+=ADC2_Value[i++];}ADC_1=0;  for(uint8_t i=0;i<30;i++){ADC_1+=ADC1_Value[i++];} sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  dma: %1.4f  ",(float)ADC_2/30*3.3/4096);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, Lcd_Disp_String);sprintf((char*)Lcd_Disp_String, "  dma1: %1.4f  ",(float)ADC_1/15*3.3/4096);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, Lcd_Disp_String);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

五、实验现象

最后在使用的时候还是有一些问题，这里我上传工程自行取用

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/10x6bhjThMecN55D8VB-_9Q .
提取码：cvyq