一个存储档案的rac数据库起不来了，生产环境是linux rac 11.2.0.4,原因是因为用工具测试磁盘IO时损坏了ocr所在磁盘组与存储数据ASM磁盘的磁盘头。下面是恢复过程:
1.检查crs的状态:

[grid@darac1 ~]$ crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon
CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager[root@darac1 crsd]# ps -ef|grep crs
root      3126     1  1 10:34 ?        00:00:31 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/ohasd.bin reboot
grid      3514     1  0 10:34 ?        00:00:07 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/oraagent.bin
grid      3525     1  0 10:34 ?        00:00:00 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/mdnsd.bin
grid      3537     1  0 10:34 ?        00:00:16 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/gpnpd.bin
grid      3549     1  1 10:34 ?        00:00:33 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/gipcd.bin
root      4128     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:02 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/cssdmonitor
root      4144     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:01 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/cssdagent
grid      4167     1  2 10:55 ?        00:00:14 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/ocssd.bin
root      4354  3680  0 11:04 pts/1    00:00:00 grep crs

2.强制关闭crs

[root@darac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'darac1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.

3.以exclusive模式启动crs

[root@darac1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'darac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'darac1'
CRS-2679: Attempting to clean 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2681: Clean of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'darac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'darac1' succeeded

4.查看GI相关的alert.log日志文件如何

[ohasd(5040)]CRS-2302:Cannot get GPnP profile. Error CLSGPNP_NO_DAEMON (GPNPD daemon is not running).
2016-10-13 11:20:47.302:
[gpnpd(5215)]CRS-2328:GPNPD started on node darac1.
2016-10-13 11:20:58.388:
[ohasd(5040)]CRS-2767:Resource state recovery not attempted for 'ora.diskmon' as its target state is OFFLINE
2016-10-13 11:21:00.608:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1713:CSSD daemon is started in clustered mode
2016-10-13 11:21:01.521:
[/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent.bin(5304)]CRS-5013:Agent "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent.bin" failed to start process "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/osysmond" for action "start": details at "(:CLSN00008:)" in "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/agent/ohasd/orarootagent_root//orarootagent_root.log"
2016-10-13 11:21:03.585:
[ohasd(5040)]CRS-2878:Failed to restart resource 'ora.crf'
2016-10-13 11:21:05.399:
[/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent.bin(5340)]CRS-5013:Agent "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent.bin" failed to start process "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/osysmond" for action "start": details at "(:CLSN00008:)" in "/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/agent/ohasd/orarootagent_root//orarootagent_root.log"
2016-10-13 11:21:10.703:
[ohasd(5040)]CRS-2878:Failed to restart resource 'ora.crf'
2016-10-13 11:21:23.464:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:21:38.698:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:21:53.925:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:22:09.463:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:22:24.804:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:22:40.252:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:22:56.722:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:23:12.009:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:23:27.290:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:23:42.872:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:23:58.198:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:24:13.500:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:24:28.786:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:24:43.488:
[client(5394)]CRS-1013:The OCR location in an ASM disk group is inaccessible. Details in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/client/ocrcheck_5394.log.
2016-10-13 11:24:43.959:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:24:51.823:
[client(5424)]CRS-1013:The OCR location in an ASM disk group is inaccessible. Details in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/client/crsctl_grid.log.
2016-10-13 11:24:59.345:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:25:14.526:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:25:29.696:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:25:44.860:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:26:00.042:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:26:15.218:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:26:30.409:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:26:45.577:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:26:49.031:
[client(5460)]CRS-1013:The OCR location in an ASM disk group is inaccessible. Details in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/client/ocrconfig_5460.log.
2016-10-13 11:27:00.766:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:27:15.951:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:27:31.142:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:27:46.339:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:28:01.530:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:28:16.733:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:28:32.008:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:28:47.191:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:29:02.389:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:29:17.610:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:29:32.832:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:29:48.035:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:30:03.229:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:30:18.434:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:30:33.679:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:30:48.876:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:31:01.534:
[/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/cssdagent(5284)]CRS-5818:Aborted command 'start' for resource 'ora.cssd'. Details at (:CRSAGF00113:) {0:0:2} in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/agent/ohasd/oracssdagent_root//oracssdagent_root.log.
2016-10-13 11:31:01.540:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1656:The CSS daemon is terminating due to a fatal error; Details at (:CSSSC00012:) in /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/log/darac1/cssd/ocssd.log
2016-10-13 11:31:01.541:
[cssd(5318)]CRS-1603:CSSD on node darac1 shutdown by user.

从上面的信息可以看到找不到voting files

5.检查ASM的alert.log可以找如下创建CRSDG,DATADG磁盘组的创建语句:

Wed Dec 02 16:09:01 2015SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP CRSDG EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY  DISK '/dev/raw/raw1' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.0.0','au_size'='1M' /* ASMCA */ 

6.检查磁盘头

[grid@darac1 ~]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw1
kfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01
kfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82
kfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD
kfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:              2147483648 ; 0x008: disk=0
kfbh.check:                   300392945 ; 0x00c: 0x11e7a1f1
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
B7F46200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]Repeat 255 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]

7.使用kfed恢复CRSDG的磁盘头，但因为备份信息也被损坏所以恢复时报错，而且没有手动备份

[grid@darac1 ~]$ kfed repair /dev/raw/raw1KFED-00320: Invalid block num1 = [0], num2 = [1], error = [endian_kfbh]

没有通过自动备份的磁盘头信息来进行恢复，只能使用自动备份的ocr信息来恢复了操作如下。

8.创建磁盘组

[grid@darac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasmSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Oct 13 13:00:42 2016Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management optionsSQL> select * from v$asm_diskgroup;no rows selectedSQL> create diskgroup CRSDG external redundancy disk  '/dev/raw/raw1' attribute 'COMPATIBLE.ASM' = '11.2.0.0.0';Diskgroup created.

9.查看自动备份的ocr文件

[root@darac1 bin]# ./ocrconfig -showbackup
PROT-26: Oracle Cluster Registry backup locations were retrieved from a local copydarac2     2016/10/13 06:29:53     /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/backup00.ocrdarac2     2016/10/13 02:29:45     /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/backup01.ocrdarac2     2016/10/12 22:29:37     /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/backup02.ocrdarac2     2016/10/12 02:27:20     /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/day.ocrdarac2     2016/10/11 22:27:10     /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/week.ocr

10.还原ocr

[root@darac1 bin]# ./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/backup00.ocr

11.处理votedisk

[root@darac1 bin]# ./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/cdata/darac-cluster/backup00.ocr
[root@darac1 bin]# ./crsctl replace votedisk +CRSDG
Successful addition of voting disk 44eaf86504ea4f76bfb43cb7931a3fc7.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +CRSDG.
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced

12.创建asm spfile

[grid@darac1 ~]$ vi /tmp/asm.txt
instance_type='asm'
large_pool_size=12M
remote_login_passwordfile= 'EXCLUSIVE'
asm_diskstring           = '/dev/raw/raw*'
asm_power_limit          =1[grid@darac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasmSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Oct 13 13:40:02 2016Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management optionsSQL> create spfile='+CRSDG' FROM pfile='/tmp/asm.txt';File created.

13.重启crs

[root@darac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'darac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'darac1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'darac1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.[root@darac1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.[grid@darac1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dgONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.DATADG.dgONLINE  OFFLINE      darac1                                       ONLINE  OFFLINE      darac2
ora.LISTENER.lsnrONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.asmONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                   Started             ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2                   Started
ora.gsdOFFLINE OFFLINE      darac1                                       OFFLINE OFFLINE      darac2
ora.net1.networkONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.onsONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  OFFLINE      darac2
ora.registry.acfsONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.cvu1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.darac.db1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               Corrupted Controlfi le                  2        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               Corrupted Controlfi le
ora.darac1.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.darac2.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.darac3.vip1        ONLINE  OFFLINE
ora.oc4j1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               STARTING
ora.scan1.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1

从上面的信息可以看到DATADG磁盘组没有加载，数据库darac也没有启动，并且显示错误的控制文件。alert_asm1.log中，有创建磁盘组的信息:

Wed Dec 02 18:27:46 2015SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP DATADG EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY  DISK '/dev/raw/raw3' SIZE 10240M  ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.0.0','au_size'='1M' /* ASMCA */

14.查看磁盘组的状态

SQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;NAME                                               STATE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
CRSDG                                              MOUNTED
ARCH                                               MOUNTED

15.手动加载DATADG磁盘报错

SQL> alter diskgroup DATADG mount;
alter diskgroup DATADG mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "DATADG" cannot be mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete

16.查看磁盘组磁盘头的状态,可以看到/dev/raw/raw3为candidate

SQL> select name,path,header_status from v$asm_disk;NAME                                               PATH                                               HEADER_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------/dev/raw/raw3                                      CANDIDATE
ARCH_0000                                          /dev/raw/raw2                                      MEMBER
CRSDG_0000                                         /dev/raw/raw1                                      MEMBER

17.尝试使用自动备份的磁盘头信息来恢复磁盘头,这个DATADG磁盘恢复成功。

[grid@darac1 ~]$ kfed repair /dev/raw/raw3SQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;NAME                                               STATE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
CRSDG                                              MOUNTED
DATADG                                             DISMOUNTED
ARCH                                               MOUNTEDSQL> select name,path,header_status from v$asm_disk;NAME                                               PATH                                               HEADER_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------/dev/raw/raw3                                      MEMBER
ARCH_0000                                          /dev/raw/raw2                                      MEMBER
CRSDG_0000                                         /dev/raw/raw1                                      MEMBER

18.手动加载DATADG磁盘报错

SQL> alter diskgroup DATADG mount;Diskgroup altered.SQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;NAME                                               STATE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
CRSDG                                              MOUNTED
DATADG                                             MOUNTED
ARCH                                               MOUNTED

19.查看磁盘组磁盘头的状态,可以看到/dev/raw/raw3为member

SQL> select name,path,header_status from v$asm_disk;NAME                                               PATH                                               HEADER_STATUS
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
ARCH_0000                                          /dev/raw/raw2                                      MEMBER
DATADG_0000                                        /dev/raw/raw3                                      MEMBER
CRSDG_0000                                         /dev/raw/raw1                                      MEMBER

20.启动数据库darac

[grid@darac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d darac
[grid@darac1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dgONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.CRSDG.dgONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.DATADG.dgONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.LISTENER.lsnrONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.asmONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                   Started             ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2                   Started
ora.gsdOFFLINE OFFLINE      darac1                                       OFFLINE OFFLINE      darac2
ora.net1.networkONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.onsONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.registry.acfsONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                                       ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.cvu1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.darac.db1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1                   Open                2        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2                   Open
ora.darac1.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.darac2.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac2
ora.darac3.vip1        ONLINE  OFFLINE
ora.oc4j1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1
ora.scan1.vip1        ONLINE  ONLINE       darac1

到此数据库恢复成功。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2130203/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。