Debian10.12安装oracle11g(亲测有效)

作者：shannon 微信号：shannon3730 转载请保留作者版权信息......

主机名：shhs52
IP地址：192.168.1.52
OS: debian 10.12
db name: shhsdb
instance name: shhsdb
数据库版本： Oracle 11.2.0.4 +psu 补丁

--操作系统配置
IP、hostname、hosts

192.168.1.52/24
192.168.1.1

hostnamectl set-hostname shhs52
hostname

echo "192.168.1.52 shhs52" >> /etc/hosts
cat /etc/hosts

--磁盘配置
#手动添加2块磁盘，容量分别为
200G orcle+oradata
300G backup+archive

su - root
fdisk -l
pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
vgcreate oraclevg /dev/sdb
vgcreate backupvg /dev/sdc
lvcreate -n oraclelv -L 100000M oraclevg
lvcreate -n oradatalv -L 100000M oraclevg
lvcreate -n backuplv -L 200000M backupvg
lvcreate -n archivelv -L 100000M backupvg
mkfs.xfs /dev/oraclevg/oraclelv
mkfs.xfs /dev/oraclevg/oradatalv
mkfs.xfs /dev/backupvg/archivelv
mkfs.xfs /dev/backupvg/backuplv

echo "/dev/oraclevg/oraclelv /oracle xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/oraclevg/oradatalv /oradata xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/backupvg/backuplv /backup xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/backupvg/archivelv /archive xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=6144m 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
cat /etc/fstab

mkdir /oracle
mkdir /oradata
mkdir /backup
mkdir /archive
mount /oracle
mount /oradata
mount /backup
mount /archive
mount -o remount /dev/shm
df -h

reboot

--添加用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper
useradd -d /home/oracle -m -s /bin/bash -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
passwd oracle
--为oracle用户添加sudo免密权限
echo "oracle ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

--添加路径
mkdir -p /oracle
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /archive
chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup
chmod -R 775 /oracle
chmod -R 775 /oradata
chmod -R 775 /archive
chmod -R 775 /backup

--配置源，安装依赖
--备份
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
--更换阿里云源
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
EOF

--清空缓存
apt-get clean
apt-get update

--for 11g
apt-get -y install ssh
apt-get -y install wget man curl ftp telnet
apt-get -y install rlwrap net-tools strace psmisc tree
apt-get -y install libstdc++5
apt-get -y install sysstat gcc make libc6-dev
apt-get -y install xauth x11-utils

--安装低版本libaio，必须
dpkg -P libaio-dev
dpkg -P --force-all libaio1

dpkg -i multiarch-support_2.28-10+deb10u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libaio1_0.3.109-3_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libaio-dev_0.3.109-3_amd64.deb

--拷贝libpthread_nonshared.a(低版本中提取)
cp libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/
不然执行安装oracle时会报错ins_rdbms.mk

--添加软链接
ln -sf /bin/bash /bin/sh
ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/
ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib64
ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/
ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /usr/rpm
ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/
ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/

--gcc8、g++-8降级到gcc6、g++-6,并重新链接，依赖gcc-6文件夹
--gcc6的deb包从Debian9.13系统安装包中提取
dpkg -i gcc-6-base_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libisl15_0.18-1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libmpfr4_3.1.5-1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i cpp-6_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libasan3_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libubsan0_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libcilkrts5_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libgcc-6-dev_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i gcc-6_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libstdc++-6-dev_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i g++-6_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libstdc++6_6.3.0-18+deb9u1_amd64.deb

--修改gcc链接
mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++.bak
ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-6 /usr/bin/g++
mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc.bak
cat << EOF > /usr/bin/gcc
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/gcc-6 -no-pie \$*
EOF
chmod 755 /usr/bin/gcc

--修改系统限制
cat << EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf
#ORACLE SETTING
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 16384
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 6000000
oracle soft memlock 6000000
EOF
--cat /etc/security/limits.conf

echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login
cat /etc/pam.d/login

--修改内核参数
#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
cat << EOF >> /etc/sysctl.conf
#ORACLE SETTING
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
kernel.shmmax = 5033164800
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
vm.nr_hugepages = 2500
EOF
sysctl -p
--cat /etc/sysctl.conf

#添加以下内容到/etc/profile
cat<<EOF>> /etc/profile
if [[ \$USER = "oracle" ]]; then
if [[ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
EOF
source /etc/profile

cat /etc/profile

--关闭透明大页和NUMA功能
sed -ie 's/quiet/quiet transparent_hugepage=never numa=off/g' /etc/default/grub
cat /etc/default/grub

grub-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg

--关闭防火墙
--sudo ufw status
sudo ufw disable

--配置root英文环境
su - root
#vi ~/.profile
echo "export LANG=en_US.UTF-8" >> ~/.profile
cat ~/.profile

--配置.bashrc
su - oracle
echo "export LC_ALL=C" >> /home/oracle/.bashrc

source ~/.bashrc

--配置oracle环境变量
su - oracle
cat << EOF >> /home/oracle/.profile
PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'\$PWD]$'
export PS1
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
#export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle;
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=shhsdb;
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=shhsdb;
export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;
export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS";
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8;export NLS_LANG
PATH=.:\$PATH:\$HOME/.local/bin:\$HOME/bin:\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/bin;
export PATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
umask=022
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
EOF

#cat /home/oracle/.profile
#su - oracle
#source ~/.profile
#env|grep ORACLE

reboot

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle 11gr2 11.2.0.4安装
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#上传软件并解压
#上传至backup文件夹
su - root
cp p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_database.zip /backup

cd /backup
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_database.zip

chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup
chmod -R 775 /backup

#安装，安装前需重启系统
su - oracle
env|grep ORACLE
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=RHEL7.6
cd /backup/database
ls
xhost +

./runInstaller -jreLoc $JRE_HOME

跳出系统不支持，直接继续

仅安装软件
添加简体中文支持

继续安装

#跳出对话框“agent nmhs”,需要修改ins_emagent.mk 176行,在MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL后面添加（有空格）-lnnz11

#下面的代码显示出来有问题，请手动添加
sed -i 's/^$\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)$\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g' /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk

--最后以root执行下面两个语句
/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

--创建监听
su - oracle

netca

--创建实例
dbca

数据库名shhsdb

存储位置/oradata
取消勾选创建恢复区
语言选择AL32UTF8，和环境设置一致，否则报错ORA-12705: Cannot access NLS data files or invalid environment specified

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle 11g 补丁安装
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
安装环境及补丁版本：
Oracle版本：11.2.0.4
DPSU版本号：p31537677_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip 11.2.0.4.201020
OJVM版本号：p31668908_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
OPatch版本：p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64_11.2.0.3.27.zip

打补丁步骤
1.停监听
2.停dbconsole
3.停数据库实例
4.备份
5.更新OPatch
6.打补丁31537677
7.打补丁31668908
8.执行SQL，编译无效组件

1.查看补丁readme

2.上传数据库补丁并解压
su - oracle
mkdir -p /backup/psu
cd /backup/psu
#上传到此文件夹
su - root
cp p31537677_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip /backup/psu
cp p31668908_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip /backup/psu
cp p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64_11.2.0.3.27.zip /backup/psu
chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup/psu

#解压
cd /backup/psu
unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip
unzip p31537677_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
unzip p31668908_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup/psu
chmod -R 775 /backup/psu
ls

#停监听
lsnrctl stop
#停EM控制台
emctl stop dbconsole
#停数据库
--shutdown immediate
#查看是否有其它oracle进程
ps -ef|grep ora_

3.替换Opatch
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME
ls
cd OPatch/
./opatch version
cd ..
mv OPatch OPatch_old
cp -r /backup/psu/OPatch .
ls
cd OPatch/
./opatch version

#将补丁路径写入环境变量
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch

#验证补丁是否符合要求
cd /backup/psu/31537677
ls
#验证补丁
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./

#打补丁DPSU
opatch apply
是否继续 y
电子邮件/用户名 enter
是否不希望收到有关安全问题 y
本地是否已准备打补丁 y

#查看打了哪些补丁
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

#打补丁OJVM
cd /backup/psu/31668908
opatch apply

#启动数据库，跑脚本
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT

#查看打补丁信息
#SQL> select action_time,action,comments from registry$history;

#执行OJVM sqlpatch
cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlpatch/31668908
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> startup upgrade
SQL> @postinstall.sql
SQL> shutdown
SQL> startup

#编译无效对象
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql

#检查补丁
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches

#重启数据库
shutdown immediate
startup
exit

#启动监听，EM
lsnrctl start

emctl start dbconsole

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle 11g 参数配置
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.180天密码过期
select * from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT';
alter profile default limit PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

2.关闭审计
show parameter audit;
alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate
startup

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