前言

最近抽了两天时间，把Java实现表格的相关操作进行了封装，本次封装是基于 POI 的二次开发，最终使用只需要调用一个工具类中的方法，就能满足业务中绝大部门的导出需求。

1.1、测试准备

在做测试前，我们需要將【2. 环境准备】中的四个文件拷贝在工程里

1.2.1 案例图片

1.2.2 导出解析为对象（基础）

首先，你需要创建一个与导入表格对应的Java实体对象，并打上对应的Excel解析的导入注解，@ExcelImport注解的value则为表头名称。

@ExcelExport()这个注解是状态行名，不用的话展示的时候就是字段了

1.2.3 动态导出（基础）

这种方式十分灵活，表中的数据，完全自定义设置。

Controller 代码：

@GetMapping("/export")
public void export(HttpServletResponse response) {// 表头数据List<Object> head = Arrays.asList("姓名","年龄","性别","头像");// 用户1数据List<Object> user1 = new ArrayList<>();user1.add("诸葛亮");user1.add(60);user1.add("男");user1.add("https://profile.csdnimg.cn/A/7/3/3_sunnyzyq");// 用户2数据List<Object> user2 = new ArrayList<>();user2.add("大乔");user2.add(28);user2.add("女");user2.add("https://profile.csdnimg.cn/6/1/9/0_m0_48717371");// 将数据汇总List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();sheetDataList.add(head);sheetDataList.add(user1);sheetDataList.add(user2);// 导出数据ExcelUtils.export(response,"用户表", sheetDataList);
}

2. 环境准备

2.1 Maven 依赖

本次工具类的封装主要依赖于阿里巴巴的JSON包，以及表格处理的POI包，所以我们需要导入这两个库的依赖包，另外，我们还需要文件上传的相关包，毕竟我们在浏览器页面，做Excel导入时，是上传的Excel文件。

<!-- 文件上传 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpmime</artifactId><version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- POI -->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>3.16</version>
</dependency>

2.1 四个工具类

1.ExcelUtils

package cn.com.sinosoft.util.excel;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor.AnchorType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.net.URL;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Map.Entry;/*** Excel导入导出工具类* 原文链接（不定时增加新功能）: https://zyqok.blog.csdn.net/article/details/121994504** @author sunnyzyq* @date 2021/12/17*/
public class ExcelUtils {private static final String XLSX = ".xlsx";private static final String XLS = ".xls";public static final String ROW_MERGE = "row_merge";public static final String COLUMN_MERGE = "column_merge";private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String ROW_NUM = "rowNum";private static final String ROW_DATA = "rowData";private static final String ROW_TIPS = "rowTips";private static final int CELL_OTHER = 0;private static final int CELL_ROW_MERGE = 1;private static final int CELL_COLUMN_MERGE = 2;private static final int IMG_HEIGHT = 30;private static final int IMG_WIDTH = 30;private static final char LEAN_LINE = '/';private static final int BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH = 10240;private static final NumberFormat NUMBER_FORMAT = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance();public static <T> List<T> readFile(File file, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {JSONArray array = readFile(file);return getBeanList(array, clazz);}public static <T> List<T> readMultipartFile(MultipartFile mFile, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {JSONArray array = readMultipartFile(mFile);return getBeanList(array, clazz);}public static JSONArray readFile(File file) throws Exception {return readExcel(null, file);}public static JSONArray readMultipartFile(MultipartFile mFile) throws Exception {return readExcel(mFile, null);}public static Map<String, JSONArray> readFileManySheet(File file) throws Exception {return readExcelManySheet(null, file);}public static Map<String, JSONArray> readFileManySheet(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {return readExcelManySheet(file, null);}private static <T> List<T> getBeanList(JSONArray array, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();Map<Integer, String> uniqueMap = new HashMap<>(16);for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) {list.add(getBean(clazz, array.getJSONObject(i), uniqueMap));}return list;}/*** 获取每个对象的数据*/private static <T> T getBean(Class<T> c, JSONObject obj, Map<Integer, String> uniqueMap) throws Exception {T t = c.newInstance();Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();List<String> errMsgList = new ArrayList<>();boolean hasRowTipsField = false;StringBuilder uniqueBuilder = new StringBuilder();int rowNum = 0;for (Field field : fields) {// 行号if (field.getName().equals(ROW_NUM)) {rowNum = obj.getInteger(ROW_NUM);field.setAccessible(true);field.set(t, rowNum);continue;}// 是否需要设置异常信息if (field.getName().equals(ROW_TIPS)) {hasRowTipsField = true;continue;}// 原始数据if (field.getName().equals(ROW_DATA)) {field.setAccessible(true);field.set(t, obj.toString());continue;}// 设置对应属性值setFieldValue(t, field, obj, uniqueBuilder, errMsgList);}// 数据唯一性校验if (uniqueBuilder.length() > 0) {if (uniqueMap.containsValue(uniqueBuilder.toString())) {Set<Integer> rowNumKeys = uniqueMap.keySet();for (Integer num : rowNumKeys) {if (uniqueMap.get(num).equals(uniqueBuilder.toString())) {errMsgList.add(String.format("数据唯一性校验失败,(%s)与第%s行重复)", uniqueBuilder, num));}}} else {uniqueMap.put(rowNum, uniqueBuilder.toString());}}// 失败处理if (errMsgList.isEmpty() && !hasRowTipsField) {return t;}StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();int size = errMsgList.size();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {if (i == size - 1) {sb.append(errMsgList.get(i));} else {sb.append(errMsgList.get(i)).append(";");}}// 设置错误信息for (Field field : fields) {if (field.getName().equals(ROW_TIPS)) {field.setAccessible(true);field.set(t, sb.toString());}}return t;}private static <T> void setFieldValue(T t, Field field, JSONObject obj, StringBuilder uniqueBuilder, List<String> errMsgList) {// 获取 ExcelImport 注解属性ExcelImport annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelImport.class);if (annotation == null) {return;}String cname = annotation.value();if (cname.trim().length() == 0) {return;}// 获取具体值String val = null;if (obj.containsKey(cname)) {val = getString(obj.getString(cname));}if (val == null) {return;}field.setAccessible(true);// 判断是否必填boolean require = annotation.required();if (require && val.isEmpty()) {errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]不能为空", cname));return;}// 数据唯一性获取boolean unique = annotation.unique();if (unique) {if (uniqueBuilder.length() > 0) {uniqueBuilder.append("--").append(val);} else {uniqueBuilder.append(val);}}// 判断是否超过最大长度int maxLength = annotation.maxLength();if (maxLength > 0 && val.length() > maxLength) {errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]长度不能超过%s个字符(当前%s个字符)", cname, maxLength, val.length()));}// 判断当前属性是否有映射关系LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = getKvMap(annotation.kv());if (!kvMap.isEmpty()) {boolean isMatch = false;for (String key : kvMap.keySet()) {if (kvMap.get(key).equals(val)) {val = key;isMatch = true;break;}}if (!isMatch) {errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]的值不正确(当前值为%s)", cname, val));return;}}// 其余情况根据类型赋值String fieldClassName = field.getType().getSimpleName();try {if ("String".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {field.set(t, val);} else if ("boolean".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {field.set(t, Boolean.valueOf(val));} else if ("int".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName) || "Integer".equals(fieldClassName)) {try {field.set(t, Integer.valueOf(val));} catch (NumberFormatException e) {errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]的值格式不正确(当前值为%s)", cname, val));}} else if ("double".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {field.set(t, Double.valueOf(val));} else if ("long".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {field.set(t, Long.valueOf(val));} else if ("BigDecimal".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {field.set(t, new BigDecimal(val));}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private static Map<String, JSONArray> readExcelManySheet(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {Workbook book = getWorkbook(mFile, file);if (book == null) {return Collections.emptyMap();}Map<String, JSONArray> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();for (int i = 0; i < book.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {Sheet sheet = book.getSheetAt(i);JSONArray arr = readSheet(sheet);map.put(sheet.getSheetName(), arr);}book.close();return map;}private static JSONArray readExcel(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {Workbook book = getWorkbook(mFile, file);if (book == null) {return new JSONArray();}JSONArray array = readSheet(book.getSheetAt(0));book.close();return array;}private static Workbook getWorkbook(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {boolean fileNotExist = (file == null || !file.exists());if (mFile == null && fileNotExist) {return null;}// 解析表格数据InputStream in;String fileName;if (mFile != null) {// 上传文件解析in = mFile.getInputStream();fileName = getString(mFile.getOriginalFilename()).toLowerCase();} else {// 本地文件解析in = new FileInputStream(file);fileName = file.getName().toLowerCase();}Workbook book;if (fileName.endsWith(XLSX)) {book = new XSSFWorkbook(in);} else if (fileName.endsWith(XLS)) {POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(in);book = new HSSFWorkbook(poifsFileSystem);} else {return null;}in.close();return book;}private static JSONArray readSheet(Sheet sheet) {// 首行下标int rowStart = sheet.getFirstRowNum();// 尾行下标int rowEnd = sheet.getLastRowNum();// 获取表头行Row headRow = sheet.getRow(rowStart);if (headRow == null) {return new JSONArray();}int cellStart = headRow.getFirstCellNum();int cellEnd = headRow.getLastCellNum();Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<>();for (int j = cellStart; j < cellEnd; j++) {// 获取表头数据String val = getCellValue(headRow.getCell(j));if (val != null && val.trim().length() != 0) {keyMap.put(j, val);}}// 如果表头没有数据则不进行解析if (keyMap.isEmpty()) {return (JSONArray) Collections.emptyList();}// 获取每行JSON对象的值JSONArray array = new JSONArray();// 如果首行与尾行相同，表明只有一行，返回表头数据if (rowStart == rowEnd) {JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();// 添加行号obj.put(ROW_NUM, 1);for (int i : keyMap.keySet()) {obj.put(keyMap.get(i), "");}array.add(obj);return array;}for (int i = rowStart + 1; i <= rowEnd; i++) {Row eachRow = sheet.getRow(i);JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();// 添加行号obj.put(ROW_NUM, i + 1);StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();for (int k = cellStart; k < cellEnd; k++) {if (eachRow != null) {String val = getCellValue(eachRow.getCell(k));// 所有数据添加到里面，用于判断该行是否为空sb.append(val);obj.put(keyMap.get(k), val);}}if (sb.length() > 0) {array.add(obj);}}return array;}private static String getCellValue(Cell cell) {// 空白或空if (cell == null || cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BLANK) {return "";}// String类型if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING) {String val = cell.getStringCellValue();if (val == null || val.trim().length() == 0) {return "";}return val.trim();}// 数字类型if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC) {// 科学计数法类型return NUMBER_FORMAT.format(cell.getNumericCellValue()) + "";}// 布尔值类型if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {return cell.getBooleanCellValue() + "";}// 错误类型return cell.getCellFormula();}public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Class<T> clazz) {exportTemplate(response, fileName, fileName, clazz, false);}public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,Class<T> clazz) {exportTemplate(response, fileName, sheetName, clazz, false);}public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Class<T> clazz,boolean isContainExample) {exportTemplate(response, fileName, fileName, clazz, isContainExample);}public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,Class<T> clazz, boolean isContainExample) {// 获取表头字段List<ExcelClassField> headFieldList = getExcelClassFieldList(clazz);// 获取表头数据和示例数据List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();List<Object> exampleList = new ArrayList<>();Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();for (int i = 0; i < headFieldList.size(); i++) {ExcelClassField each = headFieldList.get(i);headList.add(each.getName());exampleList.add(each.getExample());LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = each.getKvMap();if (kvMap != null && kvMap.size() > 0) {selectMap.put(i, new ArrayList<>(kvMap.values()));}}sheetDataList.add(headList);if (isContainExample) {sheetDataList.add(exampleList);}// 导出数据export(response, fileName, sheetName, sheetDataList, selectMap);}private static <T> List<ExcelClassField> getExcelClassFieldList(Class<T> clazz) {// 解析所有字段Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();boolean hasExportAnnotation = false;Map<Integer, List<ExcelClassField>> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();List<Integer> sortList = new ArrayList<>();for (Field field : fields) {ExcelClassField cf = getExcelClassField(field);if (cf.getHasAnnotation() == 1) {hasExportAnnotation = true;}int sort = cf.getSort();if (map.containsKey(sort)) {map.get(sort).add(cf);} else {List<ExcelClassField> list = new ArrayList<>();list.add(cf);sortList.add(sort);map.put(sort, list);}}Collections.sort(sortList);// 获取表头List<ExcelClassField> headFieldList = new ArrayList<>();if (hasExportAnnotation) {for (Integer sort : sortList) {for (ExcelClassField cf : map.get(sort)) {if (cf.getHasAnnotation() == 1) {headFieldList.add(cf);}}}} else {headFieldList.addAll(map.get(0));}return headFieldList;}private static ExcelClassField getExcelClassField(Field field) {ExcelClassField cf = new ExcelClassField();String fieldName = field.getName();cf.setFieldName(fieldName);ExcelExport annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelExport.class);// 无 ExcelExport 注解情况if (annotation == null) {cf.setHasAnnotation(0);cf.setName(fieldName);cf.setSort(0);return cf;}// 有 ExcelExport 注解情况cf.setHasAnnotation(1);cf.setName(annotation.value());String example = getString(annotation.example());if (!example.isEmpty()) {if (isNumeric(example)) {cf.setExample(Double.valueOf(example));} else {cf.setExample(example);}} else {cf.setExample("");}cf.setSort(annotation.sort());// 解析映射String kv = getString(annotation.kv());cf.setKvMap(getKvMap(kv));return cf;}private static LinkedHashMap<String, String> getKvMap(String kv) {LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();if (kv.isEmpty()) {return kvMap;}String[] kvs = kv.split(";");if (kvs.length == 0) {return kvMap;}for (String each : kvs) {String[] eachKv = getString(each).split("-");if (eachKv.length != 2) {continue;}String k = eachKv[0];String v = eachKv[1];if (k.isEmpty() || v.isEmpty()) {continue;}kvMap.put(k, v);}return kvMap;}/*** 导出表格到本地** @param file      本地文件对象* @param sheetData 导出数据*/public static void exportFile(File file, List<List<Object>> sheetData) {if (file == null) {System.out.println("文件创建失败");return;}if (sheetData == null) {sheetData = new ArrayList<>();}Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<>();map.put(file.getName(), sheetData);export(null, file, file.getName(), map, null);}/*** 导出表格到本地** @param <T>      导出数据类似，和K类型保持一致* @param filePath 文件父路径（如：D:/doc/excel/）* @param fileName 文件名称（不带尾缀，如：学生表）* @param list     导出数据* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static <T> File exportFile(String filePath, String fileName, List<T> list) throws IOException {File file = getFile(filePath, fileName);List<List<Object>> sheetData = getSheetData(list);exportFile(file, sheetData);return file;}/*** 获取文件** @param filePath filePath 文件父路径（如：D:/doc/excel/）* @param fileName 文件名称（不带尾缀，如：用户表）* @return 本地File文件对象*/private static File getFile(String filePath, String fileName) throws IOException {String dirPath = getString(filePath);String fileFullPath;if (dirPath.isEmpty()) {fileFullPath = fileName;} else {// 判定文件夹是否存在，如果不存在，则级联创建File dirFile = new File(dirPath);if (!dirFile.exists()) {dirFile.mkdirs();}// 获取文件夹全名if (dirPath.endsWith(String.valueOf(LEAN_LINE))) {fileFullPath = dirPath + fileName + XLSX;} else {fileFullPath = dirPath + LEAN_LINE + fileName + XLSX;}}System.out.println(fileFullPath);File file = new File(fileFullPath);if (!file.exists()) {file.createNewFile();}return file;}private static <T> List<List<Object>> getSheetData(List<T> list) {// 获取表头字段List<ExcelClassField> excelClassFieldList = getExcelClassFieldList(list.get(0).getClass());List<String> headFieldList = new ArrayList<>();List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();Map<String, ExcelClassField> headFieldMap = new HashMap<>();for (ExcelClassField each : excelClassFieldList) {String fieldName = each.getFieldName();headFieldList.add(fieldName);headFieldMap.put(fieldName, each);headList.add(each.getName());}// 添加表头名称List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();sheetDataList.add(headList);// 获取表数据for (T t : list) {Map<String, Object> fieldDataMap = getFieldDataMap(t);Set<String> fieldDataKeys = fieldDataMap.keySet();List<Object> rowList = new ArrayList<>();for (String headField : headFieldList) {if (!fieldDataKeys.contains(headField)) {continue;}Object data = fieldDataMap.get(headField);if (data == null) {rowList.add("");continue;}ExcelClassField cf = headFieldMap.get(headField);// 判断是否有映射关系LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = cf.getKvMap();if (kvMap == null || kvMap.isEmpty()) {rowList.add(data);continue;}String val = kvMap.get(data.toString());if (isNumeric(val)) {rowList.add(Double.valueOf(val));} else {rowList.add(val);}}sheetDataList.add(rowList);}return sheetDataList;}private static <T> Map<String, Object> getFieldDataMap(T t) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();try {for (Field field : fields) {String fieldName = field.getName();field.setAccessible(true);Object object = field.get(t);map.put(fieldName, object);}} catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return map;}public static void exportEmpty(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) {List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();headList.add("导出无数据");sheetDataList.add(headList);export(response, fileName, sheetDataList);}public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<List<Object>> sheetDataList) {export(response, fileName, fileName, sheetDataList, null);}public static void exportManySheet(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Map<String, List<List<Object>>> sheetMap) {export(response, null, fileName, sheetMap, null);}public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,List<List<Object>> sheetDataList) {export(response, fileName, sheetName, sheetDataList, null);}public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,List<List<Object>> sheetDataList, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<>();map.put(sheetName, sheetDataList);export(response, null, fileName, map, selectMap);}public static <T, K> void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<T> list, Class<K> template) {// list 是否为空boolean lisIsEmpty = list == null || list.isEmpty();// 如果模板数据为空，且导入的数据为空，则导出空文件if (template == null && lisIsEmpty) {exportEmpty(response, fileName);return;}// 如果 list 数据，则导出模板数据if (lisIsEmpty) {exportTemplate(response, fileName, template);return;}// 导出数据List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = getSheetData(list);export(response, fileName, sheetDataList);}public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<List<Object>> sheetDataList, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {export(response, fileName, fileName, sheetDataList, selectMap);}private static void export(HttpServletResponse response, File file, String fileName,Map<String, List<List<Object>>> sheetMap, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {// 整个 Excel 表格 book 对象SXSSFWorkbook book = new SXSSFWorkbook();// 每个 Sheet 页Set<Entry<String, List<List<Object>>>> entries = sheetMap.entrySet();for (Entry<String, List<List<Object>>> entry : entries) {List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = entry.getValue();Sheet sheet = book.createSheet(entry.getKey());Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();// 设置表头背景色（灰色）CellStyle headStyle = book.createCellStyle();headStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_80_PERCENT.index);headStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);headStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);headStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.index);// 设置表身背景色（默认色）CellStyle rowStyle = book.createCellStyle();rowStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);rowStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 设置表格列宽度（默认为15个字节）sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(15);// 创建合并算法数组int rowLength = sheetDataList.size();int columnLength = sheetDataList.get(0).size();int[][] mergeArray = new int[rowLength][columnLength];for (int i = 0; i < sheetDataList.size(); i++) {// 每个 Sheet 页中的行数据Row row = sheet.createRow(i);List<Object> rowList = sheetDataList.get(i);for (int j = 0; j < rowList.size(); j++) {// 每个行数据中的单元格数据Object o = rowList.get(j);int v = 0;if (o instanceof URL) {// 如果要导出图片的话, 链接需要传递 URL 对象setCellPicture(book, row, patriarch, i, j, (URL) o);} else {Cell cell = row.createCell(j);if (i == 0) {// 第一行为表头行，采用灰色底背景v = setCellValue(cell, o, headStyle);} else {// 其他行为数据行，默认白底色v = setCellValue(cell, o, rowStyle);}}mergeArray[i][j] = v;}}// 合并单元格mergeCells(sheet, mergeArray);// 设置下拉列表setSelect(sheet, selectMap);}// 写数据if (response != null) {// 前端导出try {write(response, book, fileName);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}} else {// 本地导出FileOutputStream fos;try {fos = new FileOutputStream(file);ByteArrayOutputStream ops = new ByteArrayOutputStream();book.write(ops);fos.write(ops.toByteArray());fos.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/*** 合并当前Sheet页的单元格** @param sheet      当前 sheet 页* @param mergeArray 合并单元格算法*/private static void mergeCells(Sheet sheet, int[][] mergeArray) {// 横向合并for (int x = 0; x < mergeArray.length; x++) {int[] arr = mergeArray[x];boolean merge = false;int y1 = 0;int y2 = 0;for (int y = 0; y < arr.length; y++) {int value = arr[y];if (value == CELL_COLUMN_MERGE) {if (!merge) {y1 = y;}y2 = y;merge = true;} else {merge = false;if (y1 > 0) {sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(x, x, (y1 - 1), y2));}y1 = 0;y2 = 0;}}if (y1 > 0) {sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(x, x, (y1 - 1), y2));}}// 纵向合并int xLen = mergeArray.length;int yLen = mergeArray[0].length;for (int y = 0; y < yLen; y++) {boolean merge = false;int x1 = 0;int x2 = 0;for (int x = 0; x < xLen; x++) {int value = mergeArray[x][y];if (value == CELL_ROW_MERGE) {if (!merge) {x1 = x;}x2 = x;merge = true;} else {merge = false;if (x1 > 0) {sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress((x1 - 1), x2, y, y));}x1 = 0;x2 = 0;}}if (x1 > 0) {sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress((x1 - 1), x2, y, y));}}}private static void write(HttpServletResponse response, SXSSFWorkbook book, String fileName) throws IOException {response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");String name = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO8859_1") + XLSX;response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + name);ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();book.write(out);out.flush();out.close();}private static int setCellValue(Cell cell, Object o, CellStyle style) {// 设置样式cell.setCellStyle(style);// 数据为空时if (o == null) {cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);cell.setCellValue("");return CELL_OTHER;}// 是否为字符串if (o instanceof String) {String s = o.toString();if (isNumeric(s) && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(s)) {cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(s));return CELL_OTHER;} else {cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);cell.setCellValue(s);}if (s.equals(ROW_MERGE)) {return CELL_ROW_MERGE;} else if (s.equals(COLUMN_MERGE)) {return CELL_COLUMN_MERGE;} else {return CELL_OTHER;}}// 是否为字符串if (o instanceof Integer || o instanceof Long || o instanceof Double || o instanceof Float) {cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(o.toString()));return CELL_OTHER;}// 是否为Booleanif (o instanceof Boolean) {cell.setCellType(CellType.BOOLEAN);cell.setCellValue((Boolean) o);return CELL_OTHER;}// 如果是BigDecimal，则默认3位小数if (o instanceof BigDecimal) {cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);cell.setCellValue(((BigDecimal) o).setScale(3, RoundingMode.HALF_UP).doubleValue());return CELL_OTHER;}// 如果是Date数据，则显示格式化数据if (o instanceof Date) {cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);cell.setCellValue(formatDate((Date) o));return CELL_OTHER;}// 如果是其他，则默认字符串类型cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);cell.setCellValue(o.toString());return CELL_OTHER;}private static void setCellPicture(SXSSFWorkbook wb, Row sr, Drawing<?> patriarch, int x, int y, URL url) {// 设置图片宽高sr.setHeight((short) (IMG_WIDTH * IMG_HEIGHT));// （jdk1.7版本try中定义流可自动关闭）try (InputStream is = url.openStream(); ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {byte[] buff = new byte[BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH];int rc;while ((rc = is.read(buff, 0, BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH)) > 0) {outputStream.write(buff, 0, rc);}// 设置图片位置XSSFClientAnchor anchor = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, y, x, y + 1, x + 1);// 设置这个，图片会自动填满单元格的长宽anchor.setAnchorType(AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(outputStream.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private static String formatDate(Date date) {if (date == null) {return "";}SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);return format.format(date);}private static void setSelect(Sheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {if (selectMap == null || selectMap.isEmpty()) {return;}Set<Entry<Integer, List<String>>> entrySet = selectMap.entrySet();for (Entry<Integer, List<String>> entry : entrySet) {int y = entry.getKey();List<String> list = entry.getValue();if (list == null || list.isEmpty()) {continue;}String[] arr = new String[list.size()];for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {arr[i] = list.get(i);}DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 65000, y, y);DataValidationConstraint dvc = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(arr);DataValidation dv = helper.createValidation(dvc, addressList);if (dv instanceof HSSFDataValidation) {dv.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);} else {dv.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);dv.setShowErrorBox(true);}sheet.addValidationData(dv);}}private static boolean isNumeric(String str) {if ("0.0".equals(str)) {return true;}for (int i = str.length(); --i >= 0; ) {if (!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) {return false;}}return true;}private static String getString(String s) {if (s == null) {return "";}if (s.isEmpty()) {return s;}return s.trim();}}

2.ExcelImport

package cn.com.sinosoft.util.excel;import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;/*** @Author:Mr.zhj* @Date:2022/5/20 10:01* @Description:*/@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelImport {/** 字段名称 */String value();/** 导出映射，格式如：0-未知;1-男;2-女 */String kv() default "";/** 是否为必填字段（默认为非必填） */boolean required() default false;/** 最大长度（默认255） */int maxLength() default 255;/** 导入唯一性验证（多个字段则取联合验证） */boolean unique() default false;}

3.ExcelExport

package cn.com.sinosoft.util.excel;import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;/*** @Author:Mr.zhj* @Date:2022/5/20 9:57* @Description:*/@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)public @interface ExcelExport {/** 字段名称 */String value();/** 导出排序先后: 数字越小越靠前（默认按Java类字段顺序导出） */int sort() default 0;/** 导出映射，格式如：0-未知;1-男;2-女 */String kv() default "";/** 导出模板示例值（有值的话，直接取该值，不做映射） */String example() default "";}

4.ExcelClassField

package cn.com.sinosoft.util.excel;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;/*** @Author:Mr.zhj* @Date:2022/5/20 9:56* @Description:*/
public class ExcelClassField {/** 字段名称 */private String fieldName;/** 表头名称 */private String name;/** 映射关系 */private LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap;/** 示例值 */private Object example;/** 排序 */private int sort;/** 是否为注解字段：0-否，1-是 */private int hasAnnotation;public String getFieldName() {return fieldName;}public void setFieldName(String fieldName) {this.fieldName = fieldName;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public LinkedHashMap<String, String> getKvMap() {return kvMap;}public void setKvMap(LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap) {this.kvMap = kvMap;}public Object getExample() {return example;}public void setExample(Object example) {this.example = example;}public int getSort() {return sort;}public void setSort(int sort) {this.sort = sort;}public int getHasAnnotation() {return hasAnnotation;}public void setHasAnnotation(int hasAnnotation) {this.hasAnnotation = hasAnnotation;}
}

总结

我自己的controller

    public void export(HttpServletResponse response, ExcelClubMemRegisterInfoVO excelClubMemRegisterInfoVO) {//查询数据List<ExcelClubMemRegisterInfoVO> info = clubMemRegisterInfoService.getByVoClubMemRegisterInfo(excelClubMemRegisterInfoVO);// 导出数据ExcelUtils.export(response, "会员信息管理导出", info, ExcelClubMemRegisterInfoVO.class);}

案例图：

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