1 查询已安装的包

Redhat 7.3安装系统时自带Mariadb安装包，不全，需要卸载再挂镜像重装Mariadb。

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[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

2 先卸载已安装的mariadb包

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

error: Failed dependencies:

libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

因为依赖关系，卸载不成功，采取强制删除加参数“--nodeps -f”

成功删除mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64. 以此类推卸载剩余的安装包。

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps -f

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb

3 删除已安装mysql及文件

使用命令"find /-name mysql"查找生成的mysql目录，用"rm-rf path"彻底删除已生成的mysql文件和库

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# find / -name mysql

/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql

/usr/lib64/mysql

4 安装 mariadb

挂在os镜像，在Package中搜索mariadb安装包，拷至server端并安装

chmod 777 * 给安装包赋予可执行权限

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# ls -l mariadb*

-r--r--r--. 127 root root 9031604 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 123 root root 395876 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-bench-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 122 root root 768364 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686.rpm

-r--r--r--. 123 root root 768340 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 130 root root 778028 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686.rpm

-r--r--r--. 131 root root 779380 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 125 root root 11064248 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 123 root root 8450652 Sep 27 2016 mariadb-test-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# mkdir /mariadb

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# cp mariadb-*.rpm /mariadb/

[root@www.cndba.cn Packages]# cd /mariadb/

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# ll

total 31300

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 9031604 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 395876 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-bench-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 768364 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 768340 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 778028 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 779380 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 11064248 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 8450652 Nov 23 00:54 mariadb-test-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

使用命令“rpm -ivh packages --nodeps -f ”安装mariadb，并确认所有的包都安装成功

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# rpm -ivh * --nodeps -f

warning: mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

1:mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 13%]

2:mariadb-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 25%]

3:mariadb-server-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 38%]

4:mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 50%]

5:mariadb-devel-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 63%]

6:mariadb-test-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 75%]

7:mariadb-bench-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [ 88%]

8:mariadb-devel-1:5.5.52-1.el7 ################################# [100%]

[root@www.cndba.cn /]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb

mariadb-test-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686

mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-bench-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686

再次查找新生成的mysql目录、文件和库,完整安装后如须彻底卸载mariadb，需要彻底删除下列文件；另外还有配置文件需要手动删除：/etc/my.cnf、/etc/my.cnf.d

[root@www.cndba.cn /]# find / -name mysql

/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql

/var/lib/mysql

/var/lib/mysql/mysql

/usr/bin/mysql

/usr/lib/mysql

/usr/lib64/mysql

/usr/share/mysql

/usr/include/mysql

5 关闭防火墙

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# systemctl stop firewalld.service

6 开启mariadb服务

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# systemctl start mariadb.service

7 检查mariadb状态

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# systemctl status -l mariadb.service

● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Thu 2017-11-23 00:55:48 CST; 7s ago

Process: 14464 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 14385 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 14463 (mysqld_safe)

CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service

├─14463 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr

└─14621 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: http://dev.mysql.com

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from MariaDB

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: Corporation Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@mariadb.com.

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mariadb-prepare-db-dir[14385]: http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mysqld_safe[14463]: 171123 00:55:46 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.

Nov 23 00:55:46 www.cndba.cn mysqld_safe[14463]: 171123 00:55:46 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

Nov 23 00:55:48 www.cndba.cn systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.

8 设置密码并登录

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# mysqladmin -u root password "root"

[root@www.cndba.cn mariadb]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: root

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 8

Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show database;

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

9 赋予数据库mysql最高(root)权限

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root' with grant option;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

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