java读写Excel工具类

本项目采用maven工程，使用poi技术去读取excel表格。
所需jar包为：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency>

下面是读写excel的工具类，可读写 .xls 和 .xlsx

工具类：

package com.jiangqi.util;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public class ExcelUtil {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class);private static final String XLS = ".xls";private static final String XLSX = ".xlsx";/*** 根据文件后缀获取对应Workbook对象** @param filePath* @param fileType* @return*/public static Workbook getWorkbook(String filePath, String fileType) {Workbook workbook = null;FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;try {File excelFile = new File(filePath);if (!excelFile.exists()) {logger.info(filePath + "文件不存在");return null;}fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(excelFile);if (fileType.equalsIgnoreCase(XLS)) {workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream);} else if (fileType.equalsIgnoreCase(XLSX)) {workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream);}} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("获取文件失败", e);} finally {try {if (null != fileInputStream) {fileInputStream.close();}} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("关闭数据流出错！错误信息：", e);return null;}}return workbook;}public static List<Object> readFolder(String filePath) {int fileNum = 0;File file = new File(filePath);List<Object> returnList = new ArrayList<>();List<Map<String, String>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();if (file.exists()) {File[] files = file.listFiles();for (File file2 : files) {if (file2.isFile()) {resultList = readExcel(file2.getAbsolutePath());returnList.add(resultList);fileNum++;}}} else {logger.info("文件夹不存在");return null;}logger.info("共有文件：" + fileNum);return returnList;}/*** 读取Excel中文件的特定的表，返回数据对象** @param filePath  文件路径* @param sheetName 表格名字（索引）* @return*/public static List<Map<String, String>> readExcel(String filePath, String sheetName) {Workbook workbook = null;List<Map<String, String>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();try {String fileType = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("."));workbook = getWorkbook(filePath, fileType);if (workbook == null) {logger.info("获取workbook对象失败");return null;}resultList = analysisExcel(workbook, sheetName);return resultList;} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("读取Excel文件失败" + filePath + "错误信息", e);return null;} finally {try {if (null != workbook) {workbook.close();}} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("关闭数据流出错！错误信息：", e);return null;}}}/*** 批量读取Excel中的文件所有的表，返回数据对象** @param filePath 文件路径* @return*/public static List<Map<String, String>> readExcel(String filePath) {Workbook workbook = null;List<Map<String, String>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();try {String fileType = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("."));workbook = getWorkbook(filePath, fileType);if (workbook == null) {logger.info("获取workbook对象失败");return null;}resultList = analysisExcel(workbook);return resultList;} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("读取Excel文件失败" + filePath + "错误信息", e);return null;} finally {try {if (null != workbook) {workbook.close();}} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("关闭数据流出错！错误信息：", e);return null;}}}/*** 解析Excel文件中特定的表，返回数据对象** @param workbook  生成对应的excel处理* @param sheetName 表格名字（索引）* @return*/public static List<Map<String, String>> analysisExcel(Workbook workbook, String sheetName) {List<Map<String, String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();int sheetCount = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//或取一个Excel中sheet数量for (int i = 0; i < sheetCount; i++) {if (!sheetName.equals(workbook.getSheetName(i))) {continue;}Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);int firstRowCount = sheet.getFirstRowNum();//获取第一行的序号Row firstRow = sheet.getRow(firstRowCount);int cellCount = firstRow.getLastCellNum();//获取列数List<String> mapKey = new ArrayList<>();//获取表头信息，放在List中备用if (firstRow == null) {logger.info("解析Excel失败，在第一行没有读取到任何数据！");} else {for (int i1 = 0; i1 < cellCount; i1++) {mapKey.add(firstRow.getCell(i1).toString());}}//解析每一行数据，构成数据对象int rowStart = firstRowCount + 1;int rowEnd = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();for (int j = rowStart; j < rowEnd; j++) {Row row = sheet.getRow(j);//获取对应的row对象if (row == null) {continue;}Map<String, String> dataMap = new HashMap<>();//将每一行数据转化为一个Map对象dataMap = convertRowToData(row, cellCount, mapKey);dataList.add(dataMap);}}return dataList;}/*** 解析Excel文件中所有的表，返回数据对象** @param workbook* @return*/public static List<Map<String, String>> analysisExcel(Workbook workbook) {List<Map<String, String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();int sheetCount = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//或取一个Excel中sheet数量for (int i = 0; i < sheetCount; i++) {Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(i);if (sheet == null) {continue;}int firstRowCount = sheet.getFirstRowNum();//获取第一行的序号Row firstRow = sheet.getRow(firstRowCount);int cellCount = firstRow.getLastCellNum();//获取列数List<String> mapKey = new ArrayList<>();//获取表头信息，放在List中备用if (firstRow == null) {logger.info("解析Excel失败，在第一行没有读取到任何数据！");} else {for (int i1 = 0; i1 < cellCount; i1++) {mapKey.add(firstRow.getCell(i1).toString());}}//解析每一行数据，构成数据对象int rowStart = firstRowCount + 1;int rowEnd = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();for (int j = rowStart; j < rowEnd; j++) {Row row = sheet.getRow(j);//获取对应的row对象if (row == null) {continue;}Map<String, String> dataMap = new HashMap<>();//将每一行数据转化为一个Map对象dataMap = convertRowToData(row, cellCount, mapKey);dataList.add(dataMap);}}return dataList;}/*** 将每一行数据转化为一个Map对象** @param row       行对象* @param cellCount 列数* @param mapKey    表头Map* @return*/public static Map<String, String> convertRowToData(Row row, int cellCount, List<String> mapKey) {if (mapKey == null) {logger.info("没有表头信息");return null;}Map<String, String> resultMap = new HashMap<>();Cell cell = null;for (int i = 0; i < cellCount; i++) {cell = row.getCell(i);if (cell == null) {resultMap.put(mapKey.get(i), "");} else {resultMap.put(mapKey.get(i), getCellVal(cell));}}return resultMap;}/*** 获取单元格的值** @param cel* @return*/public static String getCellVal(Cell cel) {if (cel.getCellType() == CellType.STRING) {return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();}if (cel.getCellType() == CellType.NUMERIC) {return cel.getNumericCellValue() + "";}if (cel.getCellType() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";}if (cel.getCellType() == CellType.FORMULA) {return cel.getCellFormula() + "";}return cel.toString();}/*** 读取Excel中文件的特定的表，返回String数据（不区分列的情况或者单列的情况）** @param filePath  文件路径* @param sheetName 表格名字（索引）* @return*/public static List<String> readExcelString(String filePath, String sheetName) {Workbook workbook = null;List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<>();try {String fileType = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("."));workbook = getWorkbook(filePath, fileType);if (workbook == null) {logger.info("获取workbook对象失败");return null;}resultList = analysisExcelString(workbook, sheetName);return resultList;} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("读取Excel文件失败" + filePath + "错误信息", e);return null;} finally {try {if (null != workbook) {workbook.close();}} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("关闭数据流出错！错误信息：", e);return null;}}}/*** 解析Excel文件中特定的表，返回String数据（不区分列的情况或者单列的情况）* @param workbook* @param sheetName* @return*/public static List<String> analysisExcelString(Workbook workbook, String sheetName) {List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<>();//获取的结果Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);//获取的表int firstRowCount = sheet.getFirstRowNum();//获取第一行的序号Row firstRow = sheet.getRow(firstRowCount);int cellCount = firstRow.getLastCellNum();//获取列数//解析每一行数据，构成数据对象int rowStart = firstRowCount + 1;int rowEnd = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();for (int j = rowStart; j < rowEnd; j++) {Row row = sheet.getRow(j);//获取对应的row对象if (row == null) {continue;}Cell cell = null;for (int i = 0; i < cellCount; i++) {cell = row.getCell(i);if (cell == null) {} else {resultList.add(getCellVal(cell));}}}return resultList;}/*** 创建新excel** @param filePath  excel的路径* @param sheetName 表格名字（索引）* @param titleRow  excel的第一行即表格头*/public static Boolean createExcel(String filePath, String sheetName, String titleRow[]) {String fileType = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("."));Workbook workbook = getWorkbook(filePath, fileType);if (workbook == null) {logger.info("获取workbook对象失败");return false;}//创建工作表Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);System.out.println(sheet.getSheetName());//创建第一行，也就是表头Row row = sheet.createRow(0);Cell cell = null;for (int i = 0; i < titleRow.length; i++) {cell = row.createCell(i);cell.setCellValue(titleRow[i]);}//新建文件try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath)) {workbook.write(fileOutputStream);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return true;}/*** 往excel中写入(已存在的数据无法写入).** @param filePath  文件路径* @param sheetName 表格名字（索引）* @param mapList   写入的数据*/public static void writeToExcel(String filePath, String sheetName, List<Map<String, String>> mapList) {Workbook workbook = null;String fileType = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("."));workbook = getWorkbook(filePath, fileType);if (workbook == null) {logger.info("获取workbook对象失败");return;}
//        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;//获取要写的工作表Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);System.out.println("工作表："+sheet);// 获得表头行对象Row titleRow = sheet.getRow(0);if (titleRow != null) {//获取表头的列数int columnCount = titleRow.getLastCellNum();//添加数据for (int rowId = 0; rowId < mapList.size(); rowId++) {// 创建一行：从第二行开始，跳过属性列Row row = sheet.createRow(rowId + 1);Map<String, String> map = mapList.get(rowId);System.out.println("传进去的值："+map);//下面需要修改 列String a= map.get(titleRow.getCell(0).toString()); //获取列的数据String b= map.get(titleRow.getCell(1).toString());for (int colId = 0; colId < columnCount; colId++) {// 在一行内循环Cell first = row.createCell(0);//第一列first.setCellValue(a);Cell second = row.createCell(1);//第二列second.setCellValue(b);}}}//文件流try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath)) {workbook.write(fileOutputStream);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public static void main(String[] args) {//        //读取文件夹，批量解析Excel文件
//        System.out.println("--------------------读取文件夹，批量解析Excel文件-----------------------");
//        List<Object> returnList = readFolder("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\ExcelTest");
//        for (int i = 0; i < returnList.size(); i++) {//            List<Map<String, String>> maps = (List<Map<String, String>>) returnList.get(i);
//            for (int j = 0; j < maps.size(); j++) {//                System.out.println(maps.get(j).toString());
//            }
//            System.out.println("--------------------手打List切割线-----------------------");
//        }//读取单个文件System.out.println("--------------------读取并解析单个文件-----------------------");List<Map<String, String>> maps = readExcel("src/main/resources/assets/carMappers.xlsx");for (int j = 0; j < maps.size(); j++) {System.out.println(maps.get(j).toString());}}
}

结果截图：

注意：在写入excel的方法中，因技术有限，无法实现自动往列里添加数据，故需要根据实际的表去修改所要添加的列，若有大神知道，还望评论告知，谢谢

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