离线安装minikube

基础环境：

Virtual box

OS: Ubuntu:16.04

enp0s3:(Hostonly)192.168.56.102(提供pc端访问服务器-hostonly)

enp0s8:(NAT)10.0.3.15(访问外网，因为nat映射端原因，本地pc无法访问)

minikube使用的all-in-one方式，所以就放在了一台vm上，配置最好大一点，不然会卡！

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离线安装包和镜像

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/10oqK80w5SJD2npOYpLZEkg 密码:u95p

1、安装docker-ce环境（引用官网）

https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/#install-docker-ce-1

sudo apt-get update

Install packages to allow apt to use arepository over HTTPS:

sudo apt-get install \

apt-transport-https \

ca-certificates \

curl\

software-properties-common

Add Docker's official GPG key:

curl -fsSLhttps://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Verify that you now have the key with thefingerprint 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88, by searching forthe last 8 characters of the fingerprint.

sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

sudo add-apt-repository \

"deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \

$(lsb_release -cs) \

stable"

Install Docker CE,Update the apt package index.

sudo apt-get update

Install the latest version of Docker CE, or goto the next step to install a specific version:

sudo apt-get install docker-ce

sudo systemctl enable docker

sudo systemctl start docker

2、需要下载minikube、kubectl(参考官网github)

https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube

下载命令：（由于防火墙端缘故，无法下载，在国外服务器拉取下来，本地离线安装）

curl -Lo minikube https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64&& chmod +x minikube

curl -Lo kubectlhttps://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -shttps://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl&& chmod +x kubectl

离线安装操作：

cd /root

chmod +x minikube

mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

ln -sf /usr/local/bin/minikube/usr/bin/minikube

cd /root

chmod +x kubectl

mv kubectl /usr/local/bin

ln -sf /usr/local/bin/kubectl /usr/bin/kubectl

3、初始化环境变量：

export MINIKUBE_WANTUPDATENOTIFICATION=false

export MINIKUBE_WANTREPORTERRORPROMPT=false

export MINIKUBE_HOME=$HOME

export CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

touch $HOME/.kube/config

export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/config

4、启动minikube

curl -Lo kubeadm http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm

curl -Lo kubelet http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubelet

sudo -E ./minikube start --vm-driver=none

--vm-driver=none (本身就是虚拟机，所以不需要将minikube再次安装到虚机里面，虚机中再安装虚机我的机器扛不住)

在这个过程中minikube需要下载kubelet、kubeadm,以及拉取所需要到镜像，由于防火墙到原因，这就卡住了，再也不能进行下去了，所以啊，我挨个再国外服务器上拉取到镜像和程序包。

运行一下上面curl两句下载命令，不然会报错，因为下载kubeadm、kubelet时采用的是https，但是无法连接，使用http下载以后就可以跳过

Starting local Kubernetes v1.10.0 cluster...

Starting VM...

Getting VM IP address...

Moving files into cluster...

Downloading kubeadm v1.10.0

Downloading kubelet v1.10.0

这块了，不然会报一下这个错：

E0702 15:58:46.347477 20746 start.go:252] Error updating cluster: downloading binaries: downloading kubeadm: Error downloading kubeadm v1.10.0: failed to download: failed to download to temp file: download failed: 5 error(s) occurred:

* Temporary download error: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm: net/http: TLS handshake timeout

* Temporary download error: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm: dial tcp 172.217.160.80:443: i/o timeout

* Temporary download error: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm: net/http: TLS handshake timeout

* Temporary download error: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm: dial tcp 172.217.160.80:443: i/o timeout

* Temporary download error: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm: dial tcp 172.217.160.80:443: i/o timeout

以下是所需要的镜像列表：

k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.10.0

k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.10.0

k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.10.0

k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.10.0

k8s.gcr.io/etcd-amd64:3.1.12

k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64:1.14.8

k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64:1.14.8

k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64:1.14.8

k8s.gcr.io/pause-amd64:3.1

quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.9.1-amd64

k8s.gcr.io/kube-addon-manager:v8.6

k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.1

gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v1.8.1

如果不出意外应该就可以安装成功了！

安装完成后

root@ubuntu:~# sudo -E ./minikube start --vm-driver=none

Starting local Kubernetes v1.10.0 cluster...

Starting VM...

Getting VM IP address...

Moving files into cluster...

Downloading kubeadm v1.10.0

Downloading kubelet v1.10.0

Finished Downloading kubelet v1.10.0

Finished Downloading kubeadm v1.10.0

Setting up certs...

Connecting to cluster...

Setting up kubeconfig...

Starting cluster components...

Kubectl is now configured to use the cluster.

===================

WARNING: IT IS RECOMMENDED NOT TO RUN THE NONE DRIVER ON PERSONAL WORKSTATIONS

The 'none' driver will run an insecure kubernetes apiserver as root that may leave the host vulnerable to CSRF attacks

Loading cached images from config file.

5、查看状态

查看node节点状态

root@ubuntu:~/1.10.1# kubectl get nodes

NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION

minikube Ready master 20h v1.10.0

查看pod状态

root@ubuntu:~/1.10.1# kubectl get pods--all-namespaces

NAMESPACE    NAME                                    READY     STATUS   RESTARTS   AGE

kube-system  etcd-minikube                          1/1       Running   2         1h

kube-system  kube-addon-manager-minikube            1/1       Running   1         20h

kube-system  kube-apiserver-minikube                1/1       Running   1         1h

kube-system  kube-controller-manager-minikube       1/1       Running   2         1h

kube-system  kube-dns-86f4d74b45-pndzp              3/3       Running   16        20h

kube-system  kube-proxy-pgjpd                       1/1       Running   0         1h

kube-system  kube-scheduler-minikube                1/1       Running   5         20h

kube-system  kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-scd97  1/1       Running   4         18h

kube-system  storage-provisioner                     1/1       Running  1          18h

看下READY和STATUS状态，如果正常就一切ok，万事大吉了。

如果有问题，那就看看什么原因,例如查看dashboard，可以根据具体问题作出具体的解决方法（下面描述是没问题）

root@ubuntu:~# kubectl describe--namespace=kube-system pod kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-scd97

Name:          kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-scd97

Namespace:     kube-system

Node:          minikube/10.0.3.15

Start Time:    Thu, 21 Jun 2018 17:11:28 +0800

Labels:        addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode=Reconcile

app=kubernetes-dashboard

pod-template-hash=1054779233

version=v1.8.1

Annotations:

Status:        Running

IP:            172.17.0.3

Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677

Containers:

kubernetes-dashboard:

Container ID:  docker://e5b6c1ae90d34be67da0c51cf4c0924ff7868a7ec76603f9810318b1ed9335b3

Image:         k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.1

Image ID:      docker://sha256:e94d2f21bc0c297cb74c1dfdd23e2eace013f532c60726601af67984d97f718a

Port:           9090/TCP

HostPort:      0/TCP

State:          Running

Started:      Fri, 22 Jun 201814:18:41 +0800

LastState:     Terminated

Reason:       Error

Exit Code:    1

Started:      Fri, 22 Jun 201814:17:45 +0800

Finished:     Fri, 22 Jun 201814:18:18 +0800

Ready:          True

Restart Count: 6

Liveness:       http-gethttp://:9090/ delay=30s timeout=30s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3

Environment:

Mounts:

/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-6xhk9(ro)

Conditions:

Type           Status

Initialized   True

Ready          True

PodScheduled   True

Volumes:

default-token-6xhk9:

Type:        Secret (a volumepopulated by a Secret)

SecretName: default-token-6xhk9

Optional:    false

QoS Class:      BestEffort

Node-Selectors:

Tolerations:    node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s

node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s

Events:

Type     Reason                 Age                From               Message

----     ------                 ----               ----               -------

Normal  SuccessfulMountVolume 29m                kubelet, minikube MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume"default-token-6xhk9"

Normal   SandboxChanged         29m                kubelet, minikube Pod sandbox changed, it will be killed andre-created.

Warning Unhealthy              28m                kubelet, minikube Liveness probe failed: Gethttp://172.17.0.3:9090/: dial tcp 172.17.0.3:9090: getsockopt: connectionrefused

Warning BackOff                28m (x2 over 28m) kubelet, minikube Back-off restarting failed container

Normal   Pulled                 28m (x2 over 29m) kubelet, minikube Container image"k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.1" already present onmachine

Normal   Created                28m (x2 over 29m) kubelet, minikube Created container

Normal   Started                28m (x2 over 29m) kubelet, minikube Started container

6、启动dashboard

root@ubuntu:~# minikube dashboard

访问dashboard的是查看具体url：

root@ubuntu:~# minikube dashboard --url

http://10.0.3.15:30000

由于virtual是双网卡的问题，所以minikube返回的url是不能访问的，10.0.3.15这个IP是内部IP，pc端是无法访问的，所以需要在iptalbes上做一下路由转发！

临时：

echo "1">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

固定：修改/etc/sysctl.conf，取消这一行的注释：

net.ipv4.ip_forward= 1

root@ubuntu:~#sysctl -p

设置iptables规则：

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE

再访问：http://192.168.56.102:30000就可以访问了

作者：wangpengtai
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/dc3504b70b96
来源：简书
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