python3应用程序代码_python3+PyQt5图形项的自定义和交互 python3实现page Designer应用程序...

本文通过Python3+PyQt5实现《python Qt Gui 快速编程》这本书的page Designer应用程序，采用QGraphicsView，QGraphicsScene，QGraphicsItem，这个程序包含有多个文本，图片和框的页面。有些图形类在PyQt5已过时，所以本代码改动幅度比较大。主要的类或方法的改变如下：

QMatrix==>QTransform

setMatrix==>setTransform

rotate ==> setRotation

本例中，由于event.delta()已过时，还重写了wheelEvent方法：

def wheelEvent(self, event):

#factor = 1.41 ** (-event.delta() / 240.0)

#factor = 1.41 ** (-abs(event.startX()-event.y()) / 240.0)

factor = event.angleDelta().y()/120.0

if event.angleDelta().y()/120.0 > 0:

factor=2

else:

factor=0.5

self.scale(factor, factor)

为了保持代码可读行，增加了一个类：

class GraphicsPixmapItem(QGraphicsPixmapItem): #add by yangrongdong

def __init__(self,pixmap):

super(QGraphicsPixmapItem, self).__init__(pixmap)

本例中还有包含菜单的按钮：

if text == "&Align":

menu = QMenu(self)

for text, arg in (

("Align &Left", Qt.AlignLeft),

("Align &Right", Qt.AlignRight),

("Align &Top", Qt.AlignTop),

("Align &Bottom", Qt.AlignBottom)):

wrapper = functools.partial(self.setAlignment, arg)

self.wrapped.append(wrapper)

menu.addAction(text, wrapper)

button.setMenu(menu)

本例中还针对QStyleOptionGraphicsItem.levelOfDetail已过时,改写如下：

option.levelOfDetailFromTransform(self.transform())

下面为完整的代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import functools

import random

import sys

from PyQt5.QtCore import (QByteArray, QDataStream, QFile, QFileInfo,

QIODevice, QPoint, QPointF, QRectF, Qt)

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDialog,

QDialogButtonBox, QFileDialog, QFontComboBox,

QGraphicsItem, QGraphicsPixmapItem,

QGraphicsScene, QGraphicsTextItem, QGraphicsView, QGridLayout,

QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QMenu, QMessageBox,QPushButton, QSpinBox,

QStyle, QTextEdit, QVBoxLayout)

from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont,QCursor,QFontMetrics,QTransform,QPainter,QPen,QPixmap

from PyQt5.QtPrintSupport import QPrinter,QPrintDialog

MAC = True

try:

from PyQt5.QtGui import qt_mac_set_native_menubar

except ImportError:

MAC = False

#PageSize = (595, 842) # A4 in points

PageSize = (612, 792) # US Letter in points

PointSize = 10

MagicNumber = 0x70616765

FileVersion = 1

Dirty = False

class TextItemDlg(QDialog):

def __init__(self, item=None, position=None, scene=None, parent=None):

super(QDialog, self).__init__(parent)

self.item = item

self.position = position

self.scene = scene

self.editor = QTextEdit()

self.editor.setAcceptRichText(False)

self.editor.setTabChangesFocus(True)

editorLabel = QLabel("&Text:")

editorLabel.setBuddy(self.editor)

self.fontComboBox = QFontComboBox()

self.fontComboBox.setCurrentFont(QFont("Times", PointSize))

fontLabel = QLabel("&Font:")

fontLabel.setBuddy(self.fontComboBox)

self.fontSpinBox = QSpinBox()

self.fontSpinBox.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)

self.fontSpinBox.setRange(6, 280)

self.fontSpinBox.setValue(PointSize)

fontSizeLabel = QLabel("&Size:")

fontSizeLabel.setBuddy(self.fontSpinBox)

self.buttonBox = QDialogButtonBox(QDialogButtonBox.Ok|

QDialogButtonBox.Cancel)

self.buttonBox.button(QDialogButtonBox.Ok).setEnabled(False)

if self.item is not None:

self.editor.setPlainText(self.item.toPlainText())

self.fontComboBox.setCurrentFont(self.item.font())

self.fontSpinBox.setValue(self.item.font().pointSize())

layout = QGridLayout()

layout.addWidget(editorLabel, 0, 0)

layout.addWidget(self.editor, 1, 0, 1, 6)

layout.addWidget(fontLabel, 2, 0)

layout.addWidget(self.fontComboBox, 2, 1, 1, 2)

layout.addWidget(fontSizeLabel, 2, 3)

layout.addWidget(self.fontSpinBox, 2, 4, 1, 2)

layout.addWidget(self.buttonBox, 3, 0, 1, 6)

self.setLayout(layout)

self.fontComboBox.currentFontChanged.connect(self.updateUi)

self.fontSpinBox.valueChanged.connect(self.updateUi)

self.editor.textChanged.connect(self.updateUi)

self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(self.accept)

self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(self.reject)

self.setWindowTitle("Page Designer - {0} Text Item".format(

"Add" if self.item is None else "Edit"))

self.updateUi()

def updateUi(self):

font = self.fontComboBox.currentFont()

font.setPointSize(self.fontSpinBox.value())

self.editor.document().setDefaultFont(font)

self.buttonBox.button(QDialogButtonBox.Ok).setEnabled(

bool(self.editor.toPlainText()))

def accept(self):

if self.item is None:

self.item = TextItem("", self.position, self.scene)

font = self.fontComboBox.currentFont()

font.setPointSize(self.fontSpinBox.value())

self.item.setFont(font)

self.item.setPlainText(self.editor.toPlainText())

self.item.update()

global Dirty

Dirty = True

QDialog.accept(self)

class TextItem(QGraphicsTextItem):

def __init__(self, text, position, scene,

font=QFont("Times", PointSize), matrix=QTransform()):

super(TextItem, self).__init__(text)

self.setFlags(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsSelectable|

QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)

self.setFont(font)

self.setPos(position)

self.setTransform(matrix)

scene.clearSelection()

scene.addItem(self)

self.setSelected(True)

global Dirty

Dirty = True

def parentWidget(self):

return self.scene().views()[0]

def itemChange(self, change, variant):

if change != QGraphicsItem.ItemSelectedChange:

global Dirty

Dirty = True

return QGraphicsTextItem.itemChange(self, change, variant)

def mouseDoubleClickEvent(self, event):

dialog = TextItemDlg(self, self.parentWidget())

dialog.exec_()

class GraphicsPixmapItem(QGraphicsPixmapItem): #add by yangrongdong

def __init__(self,pixmap):

super(QGraphicsPixmapItem, self).__init__(pixmap)

class BoxItem(QGraphicsItem):

def __init__(self, position, scene, style=Qt.SolidLine,

rect=None, matrix=QTransform()):

super(BoxItem, self).__init__()

self.setFlags(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsSelectable|

QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable|

QGraphicsItem.ItemIsFocusable)

if rect is None:

rect = QRectF(-10 * PointSize, -PointSize, 20 * PointSize,

2 * PointSize)

self.rect = rect

self.style = style

self.setPos(position)

self.setTransform(matrix)

scene.clearSelection()

scene.addItem(self)

self.setSelected(True)

self.setFocus()

global Dirty

Dirty = True

def parentWidget(self):

return self.scene().views()[0]

def boundingRect(self):

return self.rect.adjusted(-2, -2, 2, 2)

def paint(self, painter, option, widget):

pen = QPen(self.style)

pen.setColor(Qt.black)

pen.setWidth(1)

if option.state & QStyle.State_Selected:

pen.setColor(Qt.blue)

painter.setPen(pen)

painter.drawRect(self.rect)

def itemChange(self, change, variant):

if change != QGraphicsItem.ItemSelectedChange:

global Dirty

Dirty = True

return QGraphicsItem.itemChange(self, change, variant)

def contextMenuEvent(self, event):

wrapped = []

menu = QMenu(self.parentWidget())

for text, param in (

("&Solid", Qt.SolidLine),

("&Dashed", Qt.DashLine),

("D&otted", Qt.DotLine),

("D&ashDotted", Qt.DashDotLine),

("DashDo&tDotted", Qt.DashDotDotLine)):

wrapper = functools.partial(self.setStyle, param)

wrapped.append(wrapper)

menu.addAction(text, wrapper)

menu.exec_(event.screenPos())

def setStyle(self, style):

self.style = style

self.update()

global Dirty

Dirty = True

def keyPressEvent(self, event):

factor = PointSize / 4

changed = False

if event.modifiers() & Qt.ShiftModifier:

if event.key() == Qt.Key_Left:

self.rect.setRight(self.rect.right() - factor)

changed = True

elif event.key() == Qt.Key_Right:

self.rect.setRight(self.rect.right() + factor)

changed = True

elif event.key() == Qt.Key_Up:

self.rect.setBottom(self.rect.bottom() - factor)

changed = True

elif event.key() == Qt.Key_Down:

self.rect.setBottom(self.rect.bottom() + factor)

changed = True

if changed:

self.update()

global Dirty

Dirty = True

else:

QGraphicsItem.keyPressEvent(self, event)

class GraphicsView(QGraphicsView):

def __init__(self, parent=None):

super(GraphicsView, self).__init__(parent)

self.setDragMode(QGraphicsView.RubberBandDrag)

self.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)

self.setRenderHint(QPainter.TextAntialiasing)

def wheelEvent(self, event):

#factor = 1.41 ** (-event.delta() / 240.0)

factor = event.angleDelta().y()/120.0

if event.angleDelta().y()/120.0 > 0:

factor=2

else:

factor=0.5

self.scale(factor, factor)

class MainForm(QDialog):

def __init__(self, parent=None):

super(MainForm, self).__init__(parent)

self.filename = ""

self.copiedItem = QByteArray()

self.pasteOffset = 5

self.prevPoint = QPoint()

self.addOffset = 5

self.borders = []

self.printer = QPrinter(QPrinter.HighResolution)

self.printer.setPageSize(QPrinter.Letter)

self.view = GraphicsView()

self.scene = QGraphicsScene(self)

self.scene.setSceneRect(0, 0, PageSize[0], PageSize[1])

self.addBorders()

self.view.setScene(self.scene)

self.wrapped = [] # Needed to keep wrappers alive

buttonLayout = QVBoxLayout()

for text, slot in (

("Add &Text", self.addText),

("Add &Box", self.addBox),

("Add Pi&xmap", self.addPixmap),

("&Align", None),

("&Copy", self.copy),

("C&ut", self.cut),

("&Paste", self.paste),

("&Delete...", self.delete),

("&Rotate", self.rotate),

("Pri&nt...", self.print_),

("&Open...", self.open),

("&Save", self.save),

("&Quit", self.accept)):

button = QPushButton(text)

if not MAC:

button.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)

if slot is not None:

button.clicked.connect(slot)

if text == "&Align":

menu = QMenu(self)

for text, arg in (

("Align &Left", Qt.AlignLeft),

("Align &Right", Qt.AlignRight),

("Align &Top", Qt.AlignTop),

("Align &Bottom", Qt.AlignBottom)):

wrapper = functools.partial(self.setAlignment, arg)

self.wrapped.append(wrapper)

menu.addAction(text, wrapper)

button.setMenu(menu)

if text == "Pri&nt...":

buttonLayout.addStretch(5)

if text == "&Quit":

buttonLayout.addStretch(1)

buttonLayout.addWidget(button)

buttonLayout.addStretch()

layout = QHBoxLayout()

layout.addWidget(self.view, 1)

layout.addLayout(buttonLayout)

self.setLayout(layout)

fm = QFontMetrics(self.font())

self.resize(self.scene.width() + fm.width(" Delete... ") + 50,

self.scene.height() + 50)

self.setWindowTitle("Page Designer")

def addBorders(self):

self.borders = []

rect = QRectF(0, 0, PageSize[0], PageSize[1])

self.borders.append(self.scene.addRect(rect, Qt.yellow))

margin = 5.25 * PointSize

self.borders.append(self.scene.addRect(

rect.adjusted(margin, margin, -margin, -margin),

Qt.yellow))

def removeBorders(self):

while self.borders:

item = self.borders.pop()

self.scene.removeItem(item)

del item

def reject(self):

self.accept()

def accept(self):

self.offerSave()

QDialog.accept(self)

def offerSave(self):

if (Dirty and QMessageBox.question(self,

"Page Designer - Unsaved Changes",

"Save unsaved changes?",

QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==

QMessageBox.Yes):

self.save()

def position(self):

point = self.mapFromGlobal(QCursor.pos())

if not self.view.geometry().contains(point):

coord = random.randint(36, 144)

point = QPoint(coord, coord)

else:

if point == self.prevPoint:

point += QPoint(self.addOffset, self.addOffset)

self.addOffset += 5

else:

self.addOffset = 5

self.prevPoint = point

return self.view.mapToScene(point)

def addText(self):

dialog = TextItemDlg(position=self.position(),

scene=self.scene, parent=self)

dialog.exec_()

def addBox(self):

BoxItem(self.position(), self.scene)

def addPixmap(self):

path = (QFileInfo(self.filename).path()

if self.filename else ".")

fname,filetype = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,

"Page Designer - Add Pixmap", path,

"Pixmap Files (*.bmp *.jpg *.png *.xpm)")

if not fname:

return

self.createPixmapItem(QPixmap(fname), self.position())

def createPixmapItem(self, pixmap, position, matrix=QTransform()):

item = GraphicsPixmapItem(pixmap)

item.setFlags(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsSelectable|

QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)

item.setPos(position)

item.setTransform(matrix)

self.scene.clearSelection()

self.scene.addItem(item)

item.setSelected(True)

global Dirty

Dirty = True

return item

def selectedItem(self):

items = self.scene.selectedItems()

if len(items) == 1:

return items[0]

return None

def copy(self):

item = self.selectedItem()

if item is None:

return

self.copiedItem.clear()

self.pasteOffset = 5

stream = QDataStream(self.copiedItem, QIODevice.WriteOnly)

self.writeItemToStream(stream, item)

def cut(self):

item = self.selectedItem()

if item is None:

return

self.copy()

self.scene.removeItem(item)

del item

def paste(self):

if self.copiedItem.isEmpty():

return

stream = QDataStream(self.copiedItem, QIODevice.ReadOnly)

self.readItemFromStream(stream, self.pasteOffset)

self.pasteOffset += 5

def setAlignment(self, alignment):

# Items are returned in arbitrary order

items = self.scene.selectedItems()

if len(items) <= 1:

return

# Gather coordinate data

leftXs, rightXs, topYs, bottomYs = [], [], [], []

for item in items:

rect = item.sceneBoundingRect()

leftXs.append(rect.x())

rightXs.append(rect.x() + rect.width())

topYs.append(rect.y())

bottomYs.append(rect.y() + rect.height())

# Perform alignment

if alignment == Qt.AlignLeft:

xAlignment = min(leftXs)

for i, item in enumerate(items):

item.moveBy(xAlignment - leftXs[i], 0)

elif alignment == Qt.AlignRight:

xAlignment = max(rightXs)

for i, item in enumerate(items):

item.moveBy(xAlignment - rightXs[i], 0)

elif alignment == Qt.AlignTop:

yAlignment = min(topYs)

for i, item in enumerate(items):

item.moveBy(0, yAlignment - topYs[i])

elif alignment == Qt.AlignBottom:

yAlignment = max(bottomYs)

for i, item in enumerate(items):

item.moveBy(0, yAlignment - bottomYs[i])

global Dirty

Dirty = True

def rotate(self):

for item in self.scene.selectedItems():

item.setRotation(item.rotation()+30)

def delete(self):

items = self.scene.selectedItems()

if (len(items) and QMessageBox.question(self,

"Page Designer - Delete",

"Delete {0} item{1}?".format(len(items),

"s" if len(items) != 1 else ""),

QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==

QMessageBox.Yes):

while items:

item = items.pop()

self.scene.removeItem(item)

del item

global Dirty

Dirty = True

def print_(self):

dialog = QPrintDialog(self.printer)

if dialog.exec_():

painter = QPainter(self.printer)

painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)

painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.TextAntialiasing)

self.scene.clearSelection()

self.removeBorders()

self.scene.render(painter)

self.addBorders()

def open(self):

self.offerSave()

path = (QFileInfo(self.filename).path()

if self.filename else ".")

fname,filetype = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,

"Page Designer - Open", path,

"Page Designer Files (*.pgd)")

if not fname:

return

self.filename = fname

fh = None

try:

fh = QFile(self.filename)

if not fh.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly):

raise IOError(str(fh.errorString()))

items = self.scene.items()

while items:

item = items.pop()

self.scene.removeItem(item)

del item

self.addBorders()

stream = QDataStream(fh)

stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)

magic = stream.readInt32()

if magic != MagicNumber:

raise IOError("not a valid .pgd file")

fileVersion = stream.readInt16()

if fileVersion != FileVersion:

raise IOError("unrecognised .pgd file version")

while not fh.atEnd():

self.readItemFromStream(stream)

except IOError as e:

QMessageBox.warning(self, "Page Designer -- Open Error",

"Failed to open {0}: {1}".format(self.filename, e))

finally:

if fh is not None:

fh.close()

global Dirty

Dirty = False

def save(self):

if not self.filename:

path = "."

fname,filetype = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self,

"Page Designer - Save As", path,

"Page Designer Files (*.pgd)")

if not fname:

return

self.filename = fname

fh = None

try:

fh = QFile(self.filename)

if not fh.open(QIODevice.WriteOnly):

raise IOError(str(fh.errorString()))

self.scene.clearSelection()

stream = QDataStream(fh)

stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)

stream.writeInt32(MagicNumber)

stream.writeInt16(FileVersion)

for item in self.scene.items():

self.writeItemToStream(stream, item)

except IOError as e:

QMessageBox.warning(self, "Page Designer -- Save Error",

"Failed to save {0}: {1}".format(self.filename, e))

finally:

if fh is not None:

fh.close()

global Dirty

Dirty = False

def readItemFromStream(self, stream, offset=0):

type = ""

position = QPointF()

matrix = QTransform()

rotateangle=0#add by yangrongdong

type=stream.readQString()

stream >> position >> matrix

if offset:

position += QPointF(offset, offset)

if type == "Text":

text = ""

font = QFont()

text=stream.readQString()

stream >> font

rotateangle=stream.readFloat()

tx=TextItem(text, position, self.scene, font, matrix)

tx.setRotation(rotateangle)

elif type == "Box":

rect = QRectF()

stream >> rect

style = Qt.PenStyle(stream.readInt16())

rotateangle=stream.readFloat()

bx=BoxItem(position, self.scene, style, rect, matrix)

bx.setRotation(rotateangle)

elif type == "Pixmap":

pixmap = QPixmap()

stream >> pixmap

rotateangle=stream.readFloat()

px=self.createPixmapItem(pixmap, position, matrix)

px.setRotation(rotateangle)

def writeItemToStream(self, stream, item):

if isinstance(item, TextItem):

stream.writeQString("Text")

stream<

stream.writeQString(item.toPlainText())

stream<< item.font()

stream.writeFloat(item.rotation())#add by yangrongdong

elif isinstance(item, GraphicsPixmapItem):

stream.writeQString("Pixmap")

stream << item.pos() << item.transform() << item.pixmap()

stream.writeFloat(item.rotation())#add by yangrongdong

elif isinstance(item, BoxItem):

stream.writeQString("Box")

stream<< item.pos() << item.transform() << item.rect

stream.writeInt16(item.style)

stream.writeFloat(item.rotation())#add by yangrongdong

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

form = MainForm()

rect = QApplication.desktop().availableGeometry()

form.resize(int(rect.width() * 0.6), int(rect.height() * 0.9))

form.show()

app.exec_()

运行结果

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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