Unity HilightingSystem屏幕后实现物体外发光描边效果
2024-04-24 14:17:06
Unity实现物体外发光描边效果方式有好几种，如重叠放大模型描边Pass、卷积核描边、屏幕后处理等。
HIightingSytem使用了屏幕后期效果实现，效果如下：
整理出核心代码如下，主要分为4个步骤。
1 ，根据场景上所有需要描边的物体轮廓，将它们画到一张RenderTexture上，其中黑色部分A通道值为0。实现着色器为HighlightingOpaque.Shader。
2，将RenderTexture模糊化，通过偏移uv混合周围像素的值，包括混合A通道的值。实现着色器为HighlightingBlur.Shader。
混合后的RGB通道的值
混合后A通道的值：
3，通过模板测试，裁剪和场景中描边模型重叠的像素，即在着色器中通过设置重叠部分A通道的值为0。实现着色器为HighlightingCut.Shader。
4，根据RenderTexture的A通道的值，和屏幕后的Source纹理进行和RenderTexture的RGB值进行差值混合，得出描边效果。
实现着色器为HighlightingComposit.Shader。
整理出核心代码如下：
OutlineObject.cs
OutlineObjectRender.cs
HighlightingOpaque.shader
HighlightingBlur.shader
HighlightingCut.shader
HighlightingComposite.shader
OutlineObject.cs
一个场景可能挂多个，必须挂在场景物体的有MeshRender/SkinMeshRender的节点上！
OutlineObjectRender.cs
必须挂在有MainCamera的节点上！
OutlineObject.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class OutlineObject : MonoBehaviour
{public Color color = Color.red;[HideInInspector]public Renderer render;[HideInInspector]public Material objMat;private void Start(){render = GetComponent<MeshRenderer>();if (render == null)render = GetComponent<SkinnedMeshRenderer>();objMat = new Material(Shader.Find("Hidden/Highlighted/Opaque"));OutlineObjectRender.Instance.AddOutlineObject(this);}
}OutlineObjectRender.cs
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class OutlineObjectRender : MonoBehaviour
{public static OutlineObjectRender Instance;private List<OutlineObject> outlineObjs = new List<OutlineObject>();private CommandBuffer buf;//1，渲染OutlineObject对象成平面纹理；private Material blurMat;//2，将步骤1纹理模糊化，模糊边缘向平面周边扩散；private Material maskMat;//3，通过模板测试，不渲染步骤2纹理中和模型重叠的片元部分，只渲染模糊边框；private Material combineMat;//4，将当前相机渲染的屏幕结果，与步骤3得出的轮廓纹理结合得出描边效果。private RenderTextureDescriptor rtft;private RenderTexture rt;private RenderTargetIdentifier rtID;private int blur0;private int blur1;private void Awake(){Instance = this;blurMat = new Material(Shader.Find("Hidden/Highlighted/Blur"));maskMat = new Material(Shader.Find("Hidden/Highlighted/Cut"));combineMat = new Material(Shader.Find("Hidden/Highlighted/Composite"));blur0 = Shader.PropertyToID("Blur0");blur1 = Shader.PropertyToID("Blur1");buf = new CommandBuffer();Camera.main.AddCommandBuffer(CameraEvent.BeforeImageEffectsOpaque, buf);}public void AddOutlineObject(OutlineObject obj) {if (this.outlineObjs.Contains(obj) == false){this.outlineObjs.Add(obj);}}public void RemoveOutlineObject(OutlineObject obj) {if (this.outlineObjs.Contains(obj))this.outlineObjs.Remove(obj);}private void OnPreRender(){if (rt == null){Camera cam = GetComponent<Camera>();rtft = new RenderTextureDescriptor(cam.pixelWidth, cam.pixelHeight, RenderTextureFormat.ARGB32, 24);rtft.colorFormat = RenderTextureFormat.ARGB32;rtft.sRGB = QualitySettings.activeColorSpace == ColorSpace.Linear;rtft.useMipMap = false;rtft.msaaSamples = 8;rt = new RenderTexture(rtft);rt.filterMode = FilterMode.Point;rt.wrapMode = TextureWrapMode.Clamp;if (!rt.Create()){Debug.LogError("Failed to create RenderTexture!");}rtID = new RenderTargetIdentifier(rt);maskMat.SetFloat("_HighlightingFillAlpha", 0);}buf.Clear();buf.SetRenderTarget(rtID);buf.ClearRenderTarget(true, true, new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));RenderTextureDescriptor desc = rtft;desc.width = rt.width;desc.height = rt.height;desc.depthBufferBits = 0;for (int i = 0; i < this.outlineObjs.Count; i++){//第一步，将所有要描边的render GameObject用Opaque渲染成2D面颜色，Draw到buf里。//所有的需要描边的Render对象都要在这里处理一下，用CommandBuff统一画到同一个Texture上，交给下面的步骤处理。outlineObjs[i].objMat.SetColor("_HighlightingColor", outlineObjs[i].color);buf.DrawRenderer(outlineObjs[i].render, outlineObjs[i].objMat);}//第二步，对buf的texture进行模糊。//获取2张模板用于模糊处理。buf.GetTemporaryRT(blur0, desc, FilterMode.Bilinear);buf.GetTemporaryRT(blur1, desc, FilterMode.Bilinear);RenderTargetIdentifier blurID0 = new RenderTargetIdentifier(blur0);RenderTargetIdentifier blurID1 = new RenderTargetIdentifier(blur1);//开始模糊循环之前，将rtID传到blurID。buf.Blit(rtID, blurID0);bool oddEven = true;for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){float off = 1.5f + 0.5f * i;buf.SetGlobalFloat(HighlightingSystem.ShaderPropertyID._HighlightingBlurOffset, off);if (oddEven){buf.Blit(blurID0, blurID1, blurMat);}else{buf.Blit(blurID1, blurID0, blurMat);}oddEven = !oddEven;}//第三步，对得到模糊纹理进行模板测试，去除和模型重叠的片元像素，通过buf.Blit(oddEven ? blurID0 : blurID1, rtID, maskMat);//buf.SetGlobalTexture("_HighlightingBuffer", rtID);buf.ReleaseTemporaryRT(blur0);buf.ReleaseTemporaryRT(blur1);}private void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture source, RenderTexture destination){//第四步，与当前屏幕效果混合Graphics.Blit(source, destination, combineMat);}
}HighlightingOpaque.shader
用于将场景上需要描边的物体渲染到RenderTexture上。
Shader "Hidden/Highlighted/Opaque"
{Properties{[HideInInspector] _HighlightingColor ("", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)}SubShader{Lighting OffFog { Mode Off }ZWrite Off // Manual depth testZTest Always // Manual depth testPass{Stencil{Ref 1Comp AlwaysPass ReplaceZFail Keep}CGPROGRAM#pragma vertex vert#pragma fragment frag#pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest#pragma target 2.0#pragma multi_compile __ HIGHLIGHTING_OVERLAY#include "UnityCG.cginc"uniform fixed4 _HighlightingColor;#ifndef HIGHLIGHTING_OVERLAYUNITY_DECLARE_DEPTH_TEXTURE(_CameraDepthTexture);#endifstruct vs_input{float4 vertex : POSITION;UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID};struct ps_input{float4 pos : SV_POSITION;#ifndef HIGHLIGHTING_OVERLAYfloat4 screen : TEXCOORD0;#endif};ps_input vert(vs_input v){ps_input o;UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(v);o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);#ifndef HIGHLIGHTING_OVERLAYo.screen = ComputeScreenPos(o.pos);COMPUTE_EYEDEPTH(o.screen.z);#endifreturn o;}fixed4 frag(ps_input i) : SV_Target{#ifndef HIGHLIGHTING_OVERLAYfloat z = SAMPLE_DEPTH_TEXTURE_PROJ(_CameraDepthTexture, UNITY_PROJ_COORD(i.screen));float perspZ = LinearEyeDepth(z); // LinearEyeDepth automatically handles UNITY_REVERSED_Z case#if defined(UNITY_REVERSED_Z)z = 1 - z;#endiffloat orthoZ = _ProjectionParams.y + z * (_ProjectionParams.z - _ProjectionParams.y); // near + z * (far - near)float sceneZ = lerp(perspZ, orthoZ, unity_OrthoParams.w);clip(sceneZ - i.screen.z + 0.01);#endifreturn _HighlightingColor;}ENDCG}}Fallback Off
}
HighlightingBlur.shader
将RenderTexture模糊化，并混合A通道的值。
Shader "Hidden/Highlighted/Blur"
{Properties{[HideInInspector] _MainTex ("", 2D) = "" {}[HideInInspector] _HighlightingIntensity ("", Range (0.25,0.5)) = 0.3}SubShader{Pass{ZTest AlwaysCull OffZWrite OffLighting OffFog { Mode Off }CGPROGRAM#pragma vertex vert#pragma fragment frag#pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest#pragma target 2.0#pragma multi_compile DIAGONAL_DIRECTIONS STRAIGHT_DIRECTIONS ALL_DIRECTIONS#include "UnityCG.cginc"uniform sampler2D _MainTex;uniform float4 _MainTex_ST;uniform float4 _MainTex_TexelSize;uniform float _HighlightingBlurOffset;uniform half _HighlightingIntensity;struct vs_input{float4 vertex : POSITION;float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;};struct ps_input{float4 pos : SV_POSITION;#if defined(ALL_DIRECTIONS)float4 uv0 : TEXCOORD0;float4 uv1 : TEXCOORD1;float4 uv2 : TEXCOORD2;float4 uv3 : TEXCOORD3;#elsefloat4 uv0 : TEXCOORD0;float4 uv1 : TEXCOORD1;#endif};ps_input vert(vs_input v){ps_input o;o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);float2 uv = UnityStereoScreenSpaceUVAdjust(v.texcoord, _MainTex_ST);float2 offs = _HighlightingBlurOffset * _MainTex_TexelSize.xy;#if defined(ALL_DIRECTIONS)// Diagonalo.uv0.x = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv0.y = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv0.z = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv0.w = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv1.x = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv1.y = uv.y + offs.y;o.uv1.z = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv1.w = uv.y + offs.y;// Straighto.uv2.x = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv2.y = uv.y;o.uv2.z = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv2.w = uv.y;o.uv3.x = uv.x;o.uv3.y = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv3.z = uv.x;o.uv3.w = uv.y + offs.y;#elif defined(STRAIGHT_DIRECTIONS)// Straighto.uv0.x = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv0.y = uv.y;o.uv0.z = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv0.w = uv.y;o.uv1.x = uv.x;o.uv1.y = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv1.z = uv.x;o.uv1.w = uv.y + offs.y;#else // Diagonalo.uv0.x = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv0.y = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv0.z = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv0.w = uv.y - offs.y;o.uv1.x = uv.x + offs.x;o.uv1.y = uv.y + offs.y;o.uv1.z = uv.x - offs.x;o.uv1.w = uv.y + offs.y;#endifreturn o;}half4 frag(ps_input i) : SV_Target{half4 color1 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv0.xy);fixed4 color2;// For straight or diagonal directionscolor2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv0.zw);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv1.xy);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv1.zw);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;// For all directions#if defined(ALL_DIRECTIONS)color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv2.xy);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv2.zw);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv3.xy);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;color2 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv3.zw);color1.rgb = max(color1.rgb, color2.rgb);color1.a += color2.a;#endifcolor1.a *= _HighlightingIntensity;return color1;}ENDCG}}Fallback off
}
HighlightingCut.shader
通过模板测试，将RenderTexture中和场景中重叠的像素A通道设置为0.
Shader "Hidden/Highlighted/Cut"
{Properties{[HideInInspector] _MainTex ("", 2D) = "" {}[HideInInspector] _HighlightingFillAlpha ("", Range(0.0, 1.0)) = 1.0}SubShader{Lighting OffFog { Mode off }ZWrite OffZTest AlwaysCull BackPass{Stencil{Ref 1Comp NotEqualPass KeepZFail Keep}CGPROGRAM#pragma vertex vert#pragma fragment frag#pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest#pragma target 2.0#include "UnityCG.cginc"struct vs_input{float4 vertex : POSITION;half2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;};struct ps_input{float4 pos : SV_POSITION;half2 uv : TEXCOORD0;};uniform sampler2D _MainTex;uniform float4 _MainTex_ST;ps_input vert(vs_input v){ps_input o;o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);o.uv = UnityStereoScreenSpaceUVAdjust(v.texcoord, _MainTex_ST);return o;}fixed4 frag(ps_input i) : SV_Target{return tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv);}ENDCG}Pass{Stencil{Ref 1Comp EqualPass KeepZFail Keep}ColorMask ACGPROGRAM#pragma vertex vert#pragma fragment frag#pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest#pragma target 2.0#include "UnityCG.cginc"struct vs_input{float4 vertex : POSITION;};struct ps_input{float4 pos : SV_POSITION;};uniform float _HighlightingFillAlpha;ps_input vert(vs_input v){ps_input o;o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);return o;}fixed4 frag() : SV_Target{return fixed4(0, 0, 0, _HighlightingFillAlpha);}ENDCG}}FallBack Off
}HighlightingComposite.shader
根据RenderTexture中A通道的值，将RenderTexture的RGB值和屏幕纹理插值叠加。得出最后的描边效果。
Shader "Hidden/Highlighted/Composite"
{Properties{[HideInInspector] _MainTex ("", 2D) = "" {}[HideInInspector] _HighlightingBuffer ("", 2D) = "" {}}SubShader{Pass{Lighting OffFog { Mode off }ZWrite OffZTest AlwaysCull OffCGPROGRAM#pragma vertex vert#pragma fragment frag#pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest#pragma target 2.0#include "UnityCG.cginc"struct vs_input{float4 vertex : POSITION;float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;};struct ps_input{float4 pos : SV_POSITION;half2 uv0 : TEXCOORD0;half2 uv1 : TEXCOORD1;};uniform sampler2D _MainTex;uniform float4 _MainTex_ST;uniform float4 _MainTex_TexelSize;uniform sampler2D _HighlightingBuffer;ps_input vert(vs_input v){ps_input o;o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);o.uv0 = UnityStereoScreenSpaceUVAdjust(v.texcoord, _MainTex_ST);o.uv1 = o.uv0;#if UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOPif (_MainTex_TexelSize.y < 0){o.uv1.y = 1-o.uv1.y;}#endifreturn o;}fixed4 frag(ps_input i) : SV_Target{fixed4 c1 = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv0);fixed4 c2 = tex2D(_HighlightingBuffer, i.uv1);c1.rgb = lerp(c1.rgb, c2.rgb, c2.a);return c1;}ENDCG}}FallBack Off
}
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