linux mysql误删,linux下MySQL安装与删除 (Ubuntu)
1、MySQL安装
A)MySQL安装: sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
B)启动/停止MySQL服务:
MySQL 在安装以后,MySQL 就已经启动;如果需要手动启动或停止则如下操作:
手动启动服务: sudo start mysql
手动停止服务: sudo stop mysql
当修改mysql相关配置的时候,需要手动重启MySQL服务,就需要如上操作。
查看mysql进程是否已经启动:
ps
-aux | grep mysql
#ps -aux 显示当前所有进程(包括 mysql , 和 name 用户 ), grep mysql 用来查找 mysql
进程 ;具体使用可以查看 ps, grep 用法
#man ps ; man grep
或者使用:
sudo
netstat -tap | grep mysql
两种命令的结果:
name@ThinkPad:~$ ps -aux | grep mysql
Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus
'-'
mysql 25994
0.0 0.9 137800
18400 ?
Ssl 10:18 0:10 /usr/sbin/mysqld
name 26543
0.0 0.1 8544
2320 pts/2
S+ 11:06
0:00
mysql -u root -p
name 27068
0.0 0.1 8388
2064 pts/1
S+ 18:21
0:00
mysql -u root -p
name 27917
0.0 0.0 5412
788 pts/3
S+ 21:45
0:00
grep --color=auto mysql
name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo netstat -tap | grep
mysql
tcp 0
0 localhost:mysql *:* LISTEN 25994/mysqld
C)MySQL 配置文件结构:
MySQL 配置文件为 my.cnf , 位置在 /etc/my.cnf 以及 /etc/mysql/my.cnf
#
# The
MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# You
can copy this to one of:
#
- "/etc/mysql/my.cnf"
to set global options,
#
- "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# One
can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run
program with --help
to get a list of available options and
with
#
--print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and
use.
#
#
For explanations see
#
This will be passed to all
mysql clients
#
It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with
ticks/quotes
#
escpecially if they contain "#" chars...
#
Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket
location.
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
#
Here is entries for some specific programs
#
The following values assume you have at least 32M ram
#
This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are
currently parsed.
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
#
# *
Basic Settings
#
#
# *
IMPORTANT
#
If you make changes to these settings and your system uses
apparmor, you may
#
also need to also adjust
/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld.
#
user = mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
skip-external-locking
#
#
Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen
only on
#
localhost which is more compatible and is not less
secure.
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#
# *
Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
thread_stack = 192K
thread_cache_size = 8
#
This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if
needed
#
the first time they are touched
myisam-recover = BACKUP
#max_connections = 100
#table_cache = 64
#thread_concurrency = 10
#
# *
Query Cache Configuration
#
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_size = 16M
#
# *
Logging and Replication
#
#
Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
#
Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
#
As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!
#general_log_file =
/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log = 1
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
#
Here you can see queries with especially long duration
#log_slow_queries =
/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
#long_query_time = 2
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#
#
The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for
replication.
#
note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian
about
#
other settings you may need to change.
#server-id = 1
#log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
#binlog_do_db = include_database_name
#binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name
#
# *
InnoDB
#
#
InnoDB is enabled by default
with a 10MB datafile in
/var/lib/mysql/.
#
Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are
many!
#
#
* Security Features
#
#
Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
#
chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
#
For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI
"tinyca".
#
#
ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
#
ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
#
ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql
but no tab completition
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 16M
#
#
* IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this
file!
#
The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise
they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
在启动MySQL的时候会通过读取配置文件my.cnf ,并根据这个文件的路径:
/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 启动MySQL
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
#这句是数据库所在位置,比如如果创建一个数据库mysql_first,则数据库文件放置在该目录下。
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log #
mysql错误文件,如果在执行mysql出错了,可以查看该文件。
D)进入MySQL
进入MySQL一般需要密码, 除非使用 safe_mysql
如果不提供密码则会出现如下错误提示:
ERROR 1045
(28000): Access denied
for user 'name'@'localhost'
(using password: NO)
这是因为在安装MySQL输入了密码,需要提供密码;
具体:
name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter
password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or
\g.
Your
MySQL connection id is 40
Server version: 5.1.58-1ubuntu1
(Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000,
2010, Oracle
and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
This
software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free
software,
and
you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL
v2 license
Type 'help;'
or '\h' for
help.
Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
sudo mysql -u root -p # 这里的几个参数: u 表示 user ,后面是参数; p 表示 password
,会在后面有 Enter password: 提示
也可以直接提供用户和密码(使用 -- )
sudo mysql --user=root --password=123456
C)退出MySQL
主要有三种方式:
mysql> exit
Bye
mysql> quit
Bye
mysql> #直接按Ctrl + D
2、卸载MySQL
A)卸载MySQL软件
sudo
apt-get autoremove --purge mysql-server-5.1
sudo
apt-get remove mysql-server
sudo
apt-get autoremove mysql-server
sudo
apt-get remove mysql-common
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
mysql-server-5.1 # 中 mysql-server-5.1是系统安装的 mysql-server版本
B)清理其他数据
dpkg
-l |grep ^rc|awk '{print
$2}' |sudo xargs dpkg
-P
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