一、系统环境

操作系统：ubuntu 18 (该版本已默认使用systemd作为init)

python版本：3.6

二、步骤

(一)准备python程序

1、在 /usr/bin/ 下新建python程序 svc-test.py

# nano /usr/bin/svc-test.py

#! /usr/bin/python3

import time

while True:

f = open('/tmp/svc-test.log', 'a', encoding='utf8')

now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time()))

f.write(now+'\n')

f.close()

time.sleep(2)

2、添加执行权限

# chmod +x /usr/bin/svc-test.py

(二)向系统注册服务

1、编写注册文件

在 /etc/systemd/system/ 下添加svc-test.service 文件

# nano /etc/systemd/system/svc-test.service

[Unit]

Description=svc-test

After=basic.service //启动顺序

[Service]

Type=oneshot

KillMode=control-group

WorkingDirectory=/tmp

ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/svc-test.py //必须使用绝对路径

[Install]

Alias=svc-test.service

WantedBy=multi-user.target

2、添加执行权限

# chmod + x /etc/systemd/system/svc-test.service

3、重载系统服务

# systemctl daemon-reload

4、将服务注册为开机启动

# systemctl enable svc-test.service

三、附录--一些关于systemctl的命令

查看所有服务的状态

# systemctl status

停止服务

# systemctl stop svc-test

手工启动服务

# systemctl start svc-test

查看单个服务的状态

# systemctl status svc-test

● svc-test.service - svc-test

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/svc-test.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: activating (start) since Thu 2020-01-02 00:42:43 CST; 21min ago

Main PID: 574 (python3)

Tasks: 1 (limit: 4604)

CGroup: /system.slice/svc-test.service

└─574 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/svc-test.py

Jan 02 00:42:43 NanoPi-M4 systemd[1]: Starting svc-test...

禁用开机启动

# systemctl disable svc-test.service

Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/svc-test.service.