CentOS7下编译安装libmodbus库

  • 下载libdmodbus源代码
  • 编译安装lidmodbus
  • 测试
  • 参考资料

下载libdmodbus源代码

libmodbus官网下载页面如下图所示：

可以从如下链接下载libmodbus源代码

  • libmodbus-3.1.6.tar.gz
  • libmodbus-3.0.8.tar.gz
    当然也可以直接从github上面克隆源代码到本地
git clone https://github.com/stephane/libmodbus.git


下载后的源代码目录如下图所示：

编译安装lidmodbus

关于如何安装libmodbus在上面已经说得很清楚了：

在libmodbus根目录下直接运行下面的命令编译、安装libmodbus库

./autogen.sh
./configure
make
make install

相关编译安装过程如下图所示：


可以看到默认情况下libmodbus的头文件被放到/usr/local/include目录下，动态库文件放到/usr/local/lib目录下。

至此，CentOS7下的libmodbus编译和安装就完成了。

测试

关于libmodbus的一些测试，Github上面也描述得比较清楚了：

libmodbus官网提供的一些测试示例如下图所示：

  • libmodbus/tests/unit-test-server.c
/** Copyright © 2008-2014 Stéphane Raimbault <stephane.raimbault@gmail.com>** SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause*/#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <modbus.h>
#ifdef _WIN32
# include <winsock2.h>
#else
# include <sys/socket.h>
#endif/* For MinGW */
#ifndef MSG_NOSIGNAL
# define MSG_NOSIGNAL 0
#endif#include "unit-test.h"enum {TCP,TCP_PI,RTU
};int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{int s = -1;modbus_t *ctx;modbus_mapping_t *mb_mapping;int rc;int i;int use_backend;uint8_t *query;int header_length;if (argc > 1) {if (strcmp(argv[1], "tcp") == 0) {use_backend = TCP;} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "tcppi") == 0) {use_backend = TCP_PI;} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "rtu") == 0) {use_backend = RTU;} else {printf("Usage:\n  %s [tcp|tcppi|rtu] - Modbus server for unit testing\n\n", argv[0]);return -1;}} else {/* By default */use_backend = TCP;}if (use_backend == TCP) {ctx = modbus_new_tcp("127.0.0.1", 1502);query = malloc(MODBUS_TCP_MAX_ADU_LENGTH);} else if (use_backend == TCP_PI) {ctx = modbus_new_tcp_pi("::0", "1502");query = malloc(MODBUS_TCP_MAX_ADU_LENGTH);} else {ctx = modbus_new_rtu("/dev/ttyUSB0", 115200, 'N', 8, 1);modbus_set_slave(ctx, SERVER_ID);query = malloc(MODBUS_RTU_MAX_ADU_LENGTH);}header_length = modbus_get_header_length(ctx);modbus_set_debug(ctx, TRUE);mb_mapping = modbus_mapping_new_start_address(UT_BITS_ADDRESS, UT_BITS_NB,UT_INPUT_BITS_ADDRESS, UT_INPUT_BITS_NB,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB);if (mb_mapping == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate the mapping: %s\n",modbus_strerror(errno));modbus_free(ctx);return -1;}/* Examples from PI_MODBUS_300.pdf.Only the read-only input values are assigned. *//* Initialize input values that's can be only done server side. */modbus_set_bits_from_bytes(mb_mapping->tab_input_bits, 0, UT_INPUT_BITS_NB,UT_INPUT_BITS_TAB);/* Initialize values of INPUT REGISTERS */for (i=0; i < UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB; i++) {mb_mapping->tab_input_registers[i] = UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_TAB[i];;}if (use_backend == TCP) {s = modbus_tcp_listen(ctx, 1);modbus_tcp_accept(ctx, &s);} else if (use_backend == TCP_PI) {s = modbus_tcp_pi_listen(ctx, 1);modbus_tcp_pi_accept(ctx, &s);} else {rc = modbus_connect(ctx);if (rc == -1) {fprintf(stderr, "Unable to connect %s\n", modbus_strerror(errno));modbus_free(ctx);return -1;}}for (;;) {do {rc = modbus_receive(ctx, query);/* Filtered queries return 0 */} while (rc == 0);/* The connection is not closed on errors which require on reply such asbad CRC in RTU. */if (rc == -1 && errno != EMBBADCRC) {/* Quit */break;}/* Special server behavior to test client */if (query[header_length] == 0x03) {/* Read holding registers */if (MODBUS_GET_INT16_FROM_INT8(query, header_length + 3)== UT_REGISTERS_NB_SPECIAL) {printf("Set an incorrect number of values\n");MODBUS_SET_INT16_TO_INT8(query, header_length + 3,UT_REGISTERS_NB_SPECIAL - 1);} else if (MODBUS_GET_INT16_FROM_INT8(query, header_length + 1)== UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SPECIAL) {printf("Reply to this special register address by an exception\n");modbus_reply_exception(ctx, query,MODBUS_EXCEPTION_SLAVE_OR_SERVER_BUSY);continue;} else if (MODBUS_GET_INT16_FROM_INT8(query, header_length + 1)== UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_INVALID_TID_OR_SLAVE) {const int RAW_REQ_LENGTH = 5;uint8_t raw_req[] = {(use_backend == RTU) ? INVALID_SERVER_ID : 0xFF,0x03,0x02, 0x00, 0x00};printf("Reply with an invalid TID or slave\n");modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, raw_req, RAW_REQ_LENGTH * sizeof(uint8_t));continue;} else if (MODBUS_GET_INT16_FROM_INT8(query, header_length + 1)== UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SLEEP_500_MS) {printf("Sleep 0.5 s before replying\n");usleep(500000);} else if (MODBUS_GET_INT16_FROM_INT8(query, header_length + 1)== UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_BYTE_SLEEP_5_MS) {/* Test low level only available in TCP mode *//* Catch the reply and send reply byte a byte */uint8_t req[] = "\x00\x1C\x00\x00\x00\x05\xFF\x03\x02\x00\x00";int req_length = 11;int w_s = modbus_get_socket(ctx);if (w_s == -1) {fprintf(stderr, "Unable to get a valid socket in special test\n");continue;}/* Copy TID */req[1] = query[1];for (i=0; i < req_length; i++) {printf("(%.2X)", req[i]);usleep(5000);rc = send(w_s, (const char*)(req + i), 1, MSG_NOSIGNAL);if (rc == -1) {break;}}continue;}}rc = modbus_reply(ctx, query, rc, mb_mapping);if (rc == -1) {break;}}printf("Quit the loop: %s\n", modbus_strerror(errno));if (use_backend == TCP) {if (s != -1) {close(s);}}modbus_mapping_free(mb_mapping);free(query);/* For RTU */modbus_close(ctx);modbus_free(ctx);return 0;
}
  • libmodbus/tests/unit-test-client.c
/** Copyright © 2008-2014 Stéphane Raimbault <stephane.raimbault@gmail.com>** SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause*/#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <modbus.h>#include "unit-test.h"const int EXCEPTION_RC = 2;enum {TCP,TCP_PI,RTU
};int test_server(modbus_t *ctx, int use_backend);
int send_crafted_request(modbus_t *ctx, int function,uint8_t *req, int req_size,uint16_t max_value, uint16_t bytes,int backend_length, int backend_offset);
int equal_dword(uint16_t *tab_reg, const uint32_t value);#define BUG_REPORT(_cond, _format, _args ...) \printf("\nLine %d: assertion error for '%s': " _format "\n", __LINE__, # _cond, ## _args)#define ASSERT_TRUE(_cond, _format, __args...) {  \if (_cond) {                                  \printf("OK\n");                           \} else {                                      \BUG_REPORT(_cond, _format, ## __args);    \goto close;                               \}                                             \
};int equal_dword(uint16_t *tab_reg, const uint32_t value) {return ((tab_reg[0] == (value >> 16)) && (tab_reg[1] == (value & 0xFFFF)));
}int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{const int NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID = 10;uint8_t *tab_rp_bits = NULL;uint16_t *tab_rp_registers = NULL;uint16_t *tab_rp_registers_bad = NULL;modbus_t *ctx = NULL;int i;uint8_t value;int nb_points;int rc;float real;uint32_t old_response_to_sec;uint32_t old_response_to_usec;uint32_t new_response_to_sec;uint32_t new_response_to_usec;uint32_t old_byte_to_sec;uint32_t old_byte_to_usec;int use_backend;int success = FALSE;int old_slave;if (argc > 1) {if (strcmp(argv[1], "tcp") == 0) {use_backend = TCP;} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "tcppi") == 0) {use_backend = TCP_PI;} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "rtu") == 0) {use_backend = RTU;} else {printf("Usage:\n  %s [tcp|tcppi|rtu] - Modbus client for unit testing\n\n", argv[0]);exit(1);}} else {/* By default */use_backend = TCP;}if (use_backend == TCP) {ctx = modbus_new_tcp("127.0.0.1", 1502);} else if (use_backend == TCP_PI) {ctx = modbus_new_tcp_pi("::1", "1502");} else {ctx = modbus_new_rtu("/dev/ttyUSB1", 115200, 'N', 8, 1);}if (ctx == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "Unable to allocate libmodbus context\n");return -1;}modbus_set_debug(ctx, TRUE);modbus_set_error_recovery(ctx,MODBUS_ERROR_RECOVERY_LINK |MODBUS_ERROR_RECOVERY_PROTOCOL);if (use_backend == RTU) {modbus_set_slave(ctx, SERVER_ID);}modbus_get_response_timeout(ctx, &old_response_to_sec, &old_response_to_usec);if (modbus_connect(ctx) == -1) {fprintf(stderr, "Connection failed: %s\n", modbus_strerror(errno));modbus_free(ctx);return -1;}modbus_get_response_timeout(ctx, &new_response_to_sec, &new_response_to_usec);printf("** UNIT TESTING **\n");printf("1/1 No response timeout modification on connect: ");ASSERT_TRUE(old_response_to_sec == new_response_to_sec &&old_response_to_usec == new_response_to_usec, "");/* Allocate and initialize the memory to store the bits */nb_points = (UT_BITS_NB > UT_INPUT_BITS_NB) ? UT_BITS_NB : UT_INPUT_BITS_NB;tab_rp_bits = (uint8_t *) malloc(nb_points * sizeof(uint8_t));memset(tab_rp_bits, 0, nb_points * sizeof(uint8_t));/* Allocate and initialize the memory to store the registers */nb_points = (UT_REGISTERS_NB > UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB) ?UT_REGISTERS_NB : UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB;tab_rp_registers = (uint16_t *) malloc(nb_points * sizeof(uint16_t));memset(tab_rp_registers, 0, nb_points * sizeof(uint16_t));printf("\nTEST WRITE/READ:\n");/** COIL BITS **//* Single */rc = modbus_write_bit(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS, ON);printf("1/2 modbus_write_bit: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "");rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS, 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("2/2 modbus_read_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_bits[0] == ON, "FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_bits[0], ON);/* End single *//* Multiple bits */{uint8_t tab_value[UT_BITS_NB];modbus_set_bits_from_bytes(tab_value, 0, UT_BITS_NB, UT_BITS_TAB);rc = modbus_write_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS, UT_BITS_NB, tab_value);printf("1/2 modbus_write_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_BITS_NB, "");}rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS, UT_BITS_NB, tab_rp_bits);printf("2/2 modbus_read_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_BITS_NB, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);i = 0;nb_points = UT_BITS_NB;while (nb_points > 0) {int nb_bits = (nb_points > 8) ? 8 : nb_points;value = modbus_get_byte_from_bits(tab_rp_bits, i*8, nb_bits);ASSERT_TRUE(value == UT_BITS_TAB[i], "FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",value, UT_BITS_TAB[i]);nb_points -= nb_bits;i++;}printf("OK\n");/* End of multiple bits *//** DISCRETE INPUTS **/rc = modbus_read_input_bits(ctx, UT_INPUT_BITS_ADDRESS,UT_INPUT_BITS_NB, tab_rp_bits);printf("1/1 modbus_read_input_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_INPUT_BITS_NB, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);i = 0;nb_points = UT_INPUT_BITS_NB;while (nb_points > 0) {int nb_bits = (nb_points > 8) ? 8 : nb_points;value = modbus_get_byte_from_bits(tab_rp_bits, i*8, nb_bits);ASSERT_TRUE(value == UT_INPUT_BITS_TAB[i], "FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",value, UT_INPUT_BITS_TAB[i]);nb_points -= nb_bits;i++;}printf("OK\n");/** HOLDING REGISTERS **//* Single register */rc = modbus_write_register(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, 0x1234);printf("1/2 modbus_write_register: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("2/2 modbus_read_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[0] == 0x1234, "FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[0], 0x1234);/* End of single register *//* Many registers */rc = modbus_write_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, UT_REGISTERS_TAB);printf("1/5 modbus_write_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_REGISTERS_NB, "");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("2/5 modbus_read_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_REGISTERS_NB, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);for (i=0; i < UT_REGISTERS_NB; i++) {ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[i] == UT_REGISTERS_TAB[i],"FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[i], UT_REGISTERS_TAB[i]);}rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,0, tab_rp_registers);printf("3/5 modbus_read_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1, "FAILED (nb_points %d)\n", rc);nb_points = (UT_REGISTERS_NB >UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB) ?UT_REGISTERS_NB : UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB;memset(tab_rp_registers, 0, nb_points * sizeof(uint16_t));/* Write registers to zero from tab_rp_registers and store read registersinto tab_rp_registers. So the read registers must set to 0, except thefirst one because there is an offset of 1 register on write. */rc = modbus_write_and_read_registers(ctx,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + 1,UT_REGISTERS_NB - 1,tab_rp_registers,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB,tab_rp_registers);printf("4/5 modbus_write_and_read_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_REGISTERS_NB, "FAILED (nb points %d != %d)\n",rc, UT_REGISTERS_NB);ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[0] == UT_REGISTERS_TAB[0],"FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[0], UT_REGISTERS_TAB[0]);for (i=1; i < UT_REGISTERS_NB; i++) {ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[i] == 0, "FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[i], 0);}/* End of many registers *//** INPUT REGISTERS **/rc = modbus_read_input_registers(ctx, UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB,tab_rp_registers);printf("1/1 modbus_read_input_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB, "FAILED (nb points %d)\n", rc);for (i=0; i < UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB; i++) {ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[i] == UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_TAB[i],"FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[i], UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_TAB[i]);}/* MASKS */printf("1/1 Write mask: ");rc = modbus_write_register(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, 0x12);rc = modbus_mask_write_register(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, 0xF2, 0x25);ASSERT_TRUE(rc != -1, "FAILED (%x == -1)\n", rc);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS, 1, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(tab_rp_registers[0] == 0x17,"FAILED (%0X != %0X)\n",tab_rp_registers[0], 0x17);printf("\nTEST FLOATS\n");/** FLOAT **/printf("1/4 Set/get float ABCD: ");modbus_set_float_abcd(UT_REAL, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(equal_dword(tab_rp_registers, UT_IREAL_ABCD), "FAILED Set float ABCD");real = modbus_get_float_abcd(tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(real == UT_REAL, "FAILED (%f != %f)\n", real, UT_REAL);printf("2/4 Set/get float DCBA: ");modbus_set_float_dcba(UT_REAL, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(equal_dword(tab_rp_registers, UT_IREAL_DCBA), "FAILED Set float DCBA");real = modbus_get_float_dcba(tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(real == UT_REAL, "FAILED (%f != %f)\n", real, UT_REAL);printf("3/4 Set/get float BADC: ");modbus_set_float_badc(UT_REAL, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(equal_dword(tab_rp_registers, UT_IREAL_BADC), "FAILED Set float BADC");real = modbus_get_float_badc(tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(real == UT_REAL, "FAILED (%f != %f)\n", real, UT_REAL);printf("4/4 Set/get float CDAB: ");modbus_set_float_cdab(UT_REAL, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(equal_dword(tab_rp_registers, UT_IREAL_CDAB), "FAILED Set float CDAB");real = modbus_get_float_cdab(tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(real == UT_REAL, "FAILED (%f != %f)\n", real, UT_REAL);printf("\nAt this point, error messages doesn't mean the test has failed\n");/** ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS **/printf("\nTEST ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS:\n");/* The mapping begins at the defined addresses and ends at address +* nb_points so these addresses are not valid. */rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_bits (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS, UT_BITS_NB + 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_bits (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_input_bits(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_input_bits (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_input_bits(ctx, UT_INPUT_BITS_ADDRESS,UT_INPUT_BITS_NB + 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_input_bits (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX + 1, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_registers (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_input_registers(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_input_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_read_input_registers(ctx, UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_NB + 1,tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_input_registers (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_bit(ctx, 0, ON);printf("* modbus_write_bit (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_bit(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS + UT_BITS_NB, ON);printf("* modbus_write_bit (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_bits(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_write_coils (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS + UT_BITS_NB,UT_BITS_NB, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_write_coils (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_register(ctx, 0, tab_rp_registers[0]);printf("* modbus_write_register (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_register(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,tab_rp_registers[0]);printf("* modbus_write_register (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_registers(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_write_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_write_registers (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_mask_write_register(ctx, 0, 0xF2, 0x25);printf("* modbus_mask_write_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_mask_write_register(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,0xF2, 0x25);printf("* modbus_mask_write_registers (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_and_read_registers(ctx, 0, 1, tab_rp_registers, 0, 1, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_write_and_read_registers (0): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");rc = modbus_write_and_read_registers(ctx,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS + UT_REGISTERS_NB_MAX,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_write_and_read_registers (max): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXILADD, "");/** TOO MANY DATA **/printf("\nTEST TOO MANY DATA ERROR:\n");rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_READ_BITS + 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");rc = modbus_read_input_bits(ctx, UT_INPUT_BITS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_READ_BITS + 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_read_input_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_READ_REGISTERS + 1,tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");rc = modbus_read_input_registers(ctx, UT_INPUT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_READ_REGISTERS + 1,tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_input_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");rc = modbus_write_bits(ctx, UT_BITS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_BITS + 1, tab_rp_bits);printf("* modbus_write_bits: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");rc = modbus_write_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_REGISTERS + 1,tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_write_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBMDATA, "");/** SLAVE REPLY **/old_slave = modbus_get_slave(ctx);printf("\nTEST SLAVE REPLY:\n");modbus_set_slave(ctx, INVALID_SERVER_ID);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);if (use_backend == RTU) {const int RAW_REQ_LENGTH = 6;uint8_t raw_req[] = { INVALID_SERVER_ID, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01 };/* Too many points */uint8_t raw_invalid_req[] = { INVALID_SERVER_ID, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0xFF, 0xFF };const int RAW_RSP_LENGTH = 7;uint8_t raw_rsp[] = { INVALID_SERVER_ID, 0x03, 0x04, 0, 0, 0, 0 };uint8_t rsp[MODBUS_RTU_MAX_ADU_LENGTH];/* No response in RTU mode */printf("1-A/3 No response from slave %d: ", INVALID_SERVER_ID);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");/* The slave raises a timeout on a confirmation to ignore because if an* indication for another slave is received, a confirmation must follow *//* Send a pair of indication/confirmation to the slave with a different* slave ID to simulate a communication on a RS485 bus. At first, the* slave will see the indication message then the confirmation, and it must* ignore both. */modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, raw_req, RAW_REQ_LENGTH * sizeof(uint8_t));modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, raw_rsp, RAW_RSP_LENGTH * sizeof(uint8_t));rc = modbus_receive_confirmation(ctx, rsp);printf("1-B/3 No response from slave %d on indication/confirmation messages: ",INVALID_SERVER_ID);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");/* Send an INVALID request for another slave */modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, raw_invalid_req, RAW_REQ_LENGTH * sizeof(uint8_t));rc = modbus_receive_confirmation(ctx, rsp);printf("1-C/3 No response from slave %d with invalid request: ",INVALID_SERVER_ID);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");rc = modbus_set_slave(ctx, MODBUS_BROADCAST_ADDRESS);ASSERT_TRUE(rc != -1, "Invalid broadcast address");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("2/3 No reply after a broadcast query: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");} else {/* Response in TCP mode */printf("1/3 Response from slave %d: ", INVALID_SERVER_ID);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_REGISTERS_NB, "");rc = modbus_set_slave(ctx, MODBUS_BROADCAST_ADDRESS);ASSERT_TRUE(rc != -1, "Invalid broacast address");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("2/3 Reply after a query with unit id == 0: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == UT_REGISTERS_NB, "");}/* Restore slave */modbus_set_slave(ctx, old_slave);printf("3/3 Response with an invalid TID or slave: ");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_INVALID_TID_OR_SLAVE,1, tab_rp_registers);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1, "");printf("1/2 Report slave ID truncated: \n");/* Set a marker to ensure limit is respected */tab_rp_bits[NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID - 1] = 42;rc = modbus_report_slave_id(ctx, NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID - 1, tab_rp_bits);/* Return the size required (response size) but respects the defined limit */ASSERT_TRUE(rc == NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID &&tab_rp_bits[NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID - 1] == 42,"Return is rc %d (%d) and marker is %d (42)",rc, NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID, tab_rp_bits[NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID - 1]);printf("2/2 Report slave ID: \n");/* tab_rp_bits is used to store bytes */rc = modbus_report_slave_id(ctx, NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID, tab_rp_bits);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == NB_REPORT_SLAVE_ID, "");/* Slave ID is an arbitraty number for libmodbus */ASSERT_TRUE(rc > 0, "");/* Run status indicator is ON */ASSERT_TRUE(rc > 1 && tab_rp_bits[1] == 0xFF, "");/* Print additional data as string */if (rc > 2) {printf("Additional data: ");for (i=2; i < rc; i++) {printf("%c", tab_rp_bits[i]);}printf("\n");}/* Save original timeout */modbus_get_response_timeout(ctx, &old_response_to_sec, &old_response_to_usec);modbus_get_byte_timeout(ctx, &old_byte_to_sec, &old_byte_to_usec);rc = modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 0);printf("1/6 Invalid response timeout (zero): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL, "");rc = modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 1000000);printf("2/6 Invalid response timeout (too large us): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL, "");rc = modbus_set_byte_timeout(ctx, 0, 1000000);printf("3/6 Invalid byte timeout (too large us): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL, "");modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 1);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("4/6 1us response timeout: ");if (rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT) {printf("OK\n");} else {printf("FAILED (can fail on some platforms)\n");}/* A wait and flush operation is done by the error recovery code of* libmodbus but after a sleep of current response timeout* so 0 can be too short!*/usleep(old_response_to_sec * 1000000 + old_response_to_usec);modbus_flush(ctx);/* Trigger a special behaviour on server to wait for 0.5 second before* replying whereas allowed timeout is 0.2 second */modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 200000);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SLEEP_500_MS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("5/6 Too short response timeout (0.2s < 0.5s): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");/* Wait for reply (0.2 + 0.4 > 0.5 s) and flush before continue */usleep(400000);modbus_flush(ctx);modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 600000);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SLEEP_500_MS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("6/6 Adequate response timeout (0.6s > 0.5s): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "");/* Disable the byte timeout.The full response must be available in the 600ms interval */modbus_set_byte_timeout(ctx, 0, 0);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SLEEP_500_MS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("7/7 Disable byte timeout: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "");/* Restore original response timeout */modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, old_response_to_sec,old_response_to_usec);if (use_backend == TCP) {/* The test server is only able to test byte timeouts with the TCP* backend *//* Timeout of 3ms between bytes */modbus_set_byte_timeout(ctx, 0, 3000);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_BYTE_SLEEP_5_MS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("1/2 Too small byte timeout (3ms < 5ms): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == ETIMEDOUT, "");/* Wait remaing bytes before flushing */usleep(11 * 5000);modbus_flush(ctx);/* Timeout of 7ms between bytes */modbus_set_byte_timeout(ctx, 0, 7000);rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_BYTE_SLEEP_5_MS,1, tab_rp_registers);printf("2/2 Adapted byte timeout (7ms > 5ms): ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == 1, "");}/* Restore original byte timeout */modbus_set_byte_timeout(ctx, old_byte_to_sec, old_byte_to_usec);/** BAD RESPONSE **/printf("\nTEST BAD RESPONSE ERROR:\n");/* Allocate only the required space */tab_rp_registers_bad = (uint16_t *) malloc(UT_REGISTERS_NB_SPECIAL * sizeof(uint16_t));rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS,UT_REGISTERS_NB_SPECIAL, tab_rp_registers_bad);printf("* modbus_read_registers: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBBADDATA, "");free(tab_rp_registers_bad);/** MANUAL EXCEPTION **/printf("\nTEST MANUAL EXCEPTION:\n");rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS_SPECIAL,UT_REGISTERS_NB, tab_rp_registers);printf("* modbus_read_registers at special address: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == -1 && errno == EMBXSBUSY, "");/** Run a few tests to challenge the server code **/if (test_server(ctx, use_backend) == -1) {goto close;}modbus_close(ctx);modbus_free(ctx);ctx = NULL;/* Test init functions */printf("\nTEST INVALID INITIALIZATION:\n");ctx = modbus_new_rtu(NULL, 1, 'A', 0, 0);ASSERT_TRUE(ctx == NULL && errno == EINVAL, "");ctx = modbus_new_rtu("/dev/dummy", 0, 'A', 0, 0);ASSERT_TRUE(ctx == NULL && errno == EINVAL, "");ctx = modbus_new_tcp_pi(NULL, NULL);ASSERT_TRUE(ctx == NULL && errno == EINVAL, "");printf("\nALL TESTS PASS WITH SUCCESS.\n");success = TRUE;close:/* Free the memory */free(tab_rp_bits);free(tab_rp_registers);/* Close the connection */modbus_close(ctx);modbus_free(ctx);return (success) ? 0 : -1;
}/* Send crafted requests to test server resilienceand ensure proper exceptions are returned. */
int test_server(modbus_t *ctx, int use_backend)
{int rc;int i;/* Read requests */const int READ_RAW_REQ_LEN = 6;const int slave = (use_backend == RTU) ? SERVER_ID : MODBUS_TCP_SLAVE;uint8_t read_raw_req[] = {slave,/* function, address, 5 values */MODBUS_FC_READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS,UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS >> 8, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS & 0xFF,0x0, 0x05};/* Write and read registers request */const int RW_RAW_REQ_LEN = 13;uint8_t rw_raw_req[] = {slave,/* function, addr to read, nb to read */MODBUS_FC_WRITE_AND_READ_REGISTERS,/* Read */UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS >> 8, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS & 0xFF,(MODBUS_MAX_WR_READ_REGISTERS + 1) >> 8,(MODBUS_MAX_WR_READ_REGISTERS + 1) & 0xFF,/* Write */0, 0,0, 1,/* Write byte count */1 * 2,/* One data to write... */0x12, 0x34};const int WRITE_RAW_REQ_LEN = 13;uint8_t write_raw_req[] = {slave,/* function will be set in the loop */MODBUS_FC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS,/* Address */UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS >> 8, UT_REGISTERS_ADDRESS & 0xFF,/* 3 values, 6 bytes */0x00, 0x03, 0x06,/* Dummy data to write */0x02, 0x2B, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x64};const int INVALID_FC = 0x42;const int INVALID_FC_REQ_LEN = 6;uint8_t invalid_fc_raw_req[] = {slave, 0x42, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};int req_length;uint8_t rsp[MODBUS_TCP_MAX_ADU_LENGTH];int tab_read_function[] = {MODBUS_FC_READ_COILS,MODBUS_FC_READ_DISCRETE_INPUTS,MODBUS_FC_READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS,MODBUS_FC_READ_INPUT_REGISTERS};int tab_read_nb_max[] = {MODBUS_MAX_READ_BITS + 1,MODBUS_MAX_READ_BITS + 1,MODBUS_MAX_READ_REGISTERS + 1,MODBUS_MAX_READ_REGISTERS + 1};int backend_length;int backend_offset;if (use_backend == RTU) {backend_length = 3;backend_offset = 1;} else {backend_length = 7;backend_offset = 7;}printf("\nTEST RAW REQUESTS:\n");uint32_t old_response_to_sec;uint32_t old_response_to_usec;/* This requests can generate flushes server side so we need a higher* response timeout than the server. The server uses the defined response* timeout to sleep before flushing.* The old timeouts are restored at the end.*/modbus_get_response_timeout(ctx, &old_response_to_sec, &old_response_to_usec);modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, 0, 600000);req_length = modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, read_raw_req, READ_RAW_REQ_LEN);printf("* modbus_send_raw_request: ");ASSERT_TRUE(req_length == (backend_length + 5), "FAILED (%d)\n", req_length);printf("* modbus_receive_confirmation: ");rc = modbus_receive_confirmation(ctx, rsp);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == (backend_length + 12), "FAILED (%d)\n", rc);/* Try to read more values than a response could hold for all datatypes. */for (i=0; i<4; i++) {rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, tab_read_function[i],read_raw_req, READ_RAW_REQ_LEN,tab_read_nb_max[i], 0,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;}rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, MODBUS_FC_WRITE_AND_READ_REGISTERS,rw_raw_req, RW_RAW_REQ_LEN,MODBUS_MAX_WR_READ_REGISTERS + 1, 0,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, MODBUS_FC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS,write_raw_req, WRITE_RAW_REQ_LEN,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_REGISTERS + 1, 6,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, MODBUS_FC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_COILS,write_raw_req, WRITE_RAW_REQ_LEN,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_BITS + 1, 6,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;/* Modbus write multiple registers with large number of values but a set asmall number of bytes in requests (not nb * 2 as usual). */rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, MODBUS_FC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS,write_raw_req, WRITE_RAW_REQ_LEN,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_REGISTERS, 6,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;rc = send_crafted_request(ctx, MODBUS_FC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_COILS,write_raw_req, WRITE_RAW_REQ_LEN,MODBUS_MAX_WRITE_BITS, 6,backend_length, backend_offset);if (rc == -1)goto close;/* Test invalid function code */modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, invalid_fc_raw_req, INVALID_FC_REQ_LEN * sizeof(uint8_t));rc = modbus_receive_confirmation(ctx, rsp);printf("Return an exception on unknown function code: ");ASSERT_TRUE(rc == (backend_length + EXCEPTION_RC) &&rsp[backend_offset] == (0x80 + INVALID_FC), "")modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, old_response_to_sec, old_response_to_usec);return 0;
close:modbus_set_response_timeout(ctx, old_response_to_sec, old_response_to_usec);return -1;
}int send_crafted_request(modbus_t *ctx, int function,uint8_t *req, int req_len,uint16_t max_value, uint16_t bytes,int backend_length, int backend_offset)
{uint8_t rsp[MODBUS_TCP_MAX_ADU_LENGTH];int j;for (j=0; j<2; j++) {int rc;req[1] = function;if (j == 0) {/* Try to read or write zero values on first iteration */req[4] = 0x00;req[5] = 0x00;if (bytes) {/* Write query */req[6] = 0x00;}} else {/* Try to read or write max values + 1 on second iteration */req[4] = (max_value >> 8) & 0xFF;req[5] = max_value & 0xFF;if (bytes) {/* Write query (nb values * 2 to convert in bytes for registers) */req[6] = bytes;}}modbus_send_raw_request(ctx, req, req_len * sizeof(uint8_t));if (j == 0) {printf("* try function 0x%X: %s 0 values: ", function, bytes ? "write": "read");} else {printf("* try function 0x%X: %s %d values: ", function, bytes ? "write": "read",max_value);}rc = modbus_receive_confirmation(ctx, rsp);ASSERT_TRUE(rc == (backend_length + EXCEPTION_RC) &&rsp[backend_offset] == (0x80 + function) &&rsp[backend_offset + 1] == MODBUS_EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_DATA_VALUE, "");}return 0;
close:return -1;
}

在CentOS7下编译安装好libmodbus后，在项目根目录下会多出unit-test-server、unit-test-client这些可执行文件，如下图所示：

使用xshell等终端工具分别打开两个终端，分别运行./unit-test-server和./unit-test-client，如下图所示：

参考资料

  • libmodbus官网
  • https://libmodbus.org/download/
  • https://github.com/stephane/libmodbus

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