微信公众号一、接入微信并实现机器人自动回复功能

一、说明

微信公众平台

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/loginpage?t=wxm2-login&lang=zh_CN

测试平台

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login

本文demo

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1syGGvdCJqcSPnZdJZpMkTA 提取码：y8y5

开发建议使用测试平台，测试平台拥有所有接口权限
微信公众平台个人只能申请订阅号，而且很多接口没有权限，如菜单，网页录授权

二、外网映射工具ngrok

微信接入必须能外网访问，其项目端口必须为80，需要进行路由映射
内网穿透工具 ngrok使用: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41463655/article/details/92846613

代码写好后启动本地服务，输入内网穿透工具的地址进行接入

我这里使用内网穿透工具是花生壳

微信公众平台在设置-基本资料设置服务器配置，启动就ok了，花生壳的域名应该被微信认为是非法连接了，一直提示参数错误，使用 ngrok 工具连接是没有问题的

三、环境搭建

1、创建springboot 项目

2、pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>springboot-weixin</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>springboot-weixin</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><!-- web --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- lombok --><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><!-- commons-lang3 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId><version>3.4</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.dom4j/dom4j --><dependency><groupId>org.dom4j</groupId><artifactId>dom4j</artifactId><version>2.0.0</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.thoughtworks.xstream/xstream --><dependency><groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId><artifactId>xstream</artifactId><version>1.4.11.1</version></dependency><!-- httpclient --><dependency><groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId><artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId><version>3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpclient</artifactId></dependency><!-- json--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.30</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

3、XmlUtils

package com.example.springbootweixin.utils;import com.example.springbootweixin.entity.TextMessage;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public class XmlUtils {/*** 解析微信发来的请求（XML）* * @param request* @return Map<String, String>* @throws Exception*/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {// 将解析结果存储在HashMap中Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();// 从request中取得输入流InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();// 读取输入流SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();Document document = reader.read(inputStream);// 得到xml根元素Element root = document.getRootElement();// 得到根元素的所有子节点List<Element> elementList = root.elements();// 遍历所有子节点for (Element e : elementList)map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());// 释放资源inputStream.close();inputStream = null;return map;}/*** 文本消息对象转换成xml* * @param textMessage*            文本消息对象* @return xml*/public static String messageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());return xstream.toXML(textMessage);}/*** 扩展xstream使其支持CDATA*/private static XStream xstream = new XStream();
}

4、HttpClientUtil

package com.example.springbootweixin.utils;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public class HttpClientUtil {public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {// 创建Httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();String resultString = "";CloseableHttpResponse response = null;try {// 创建uriURIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);if (param != null) {for (String key : param.keySet()) {builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));}}URI uri = builder.build();// 创建http GET请求HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);// 执行请求response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);// 判断返回状态是否为200if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if (response != null) {response.close();}httpclient.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return resultString;}public static String doGet(String url) {return doGet(url, null);}public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {// 创建Httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();CloseableHttpResponse response = null;String resultString = "";try {// 创建Http Post请求HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 创建参数列表if (param != null) {List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();for (String key : param.keySet()) {paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));}// 模拟表单UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);httpPost.setEntity(entity);}// 执行http请求response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {response.close();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}return resultString;}public static String doPost(String url) {return doPost(url, null);}public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {// 创建Httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();CloseableHttpResponse response = null;String resultString = "";try {// 创建Http Post请求HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 创建请求内容StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);httpPost.setEntity(entity);// 执行http请求response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {response.close();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}return resultString;}
}

5、CheckUtil 验签

package com.example.springbootweixin.utils;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.util.Arrays;public class CheckUtil {public static final String tooken = "123456789"; // 开发者自行定义Tookenpublic static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce) {// 1.定义数组存放tooken，timestamp,nonceString[] arr = { tooken, timestamp, nonce };// 2.对数组进行排序Arrays.sort(arr);// 3.生成字符串StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();for (String s : arr) {sb.append(s);}// 4.sha1加密,网上均有现成代码String temp = getSha1(sb.toString());// 5.将加密后的字符串，与微信传来的加密签名比较，返回结果return temp.equals(signature);}public static String getSha1(String str) {if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {return null;}char hexDigits[] = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };try {MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();int j = md.length;char buf[] = new char[j * 2];int k = 0;for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {byte byte0 = md[i];buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf];buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf];}return new String(buf);} catch (Exception e) {return null;}}}

6、BaseMessage

package com.example.springbootweixin.entity;import lombok.Data;@Data
public class BaseMessage {/*** 开发者微信*/private String ToUserName;/*** 发送方openid*/private String FromUserName;/*** 创建时间*/private long CreateTime;/*** 内容类型*/private String MsgType;
//  /**
//   * 消息id
//   */
//  private long MsgId ;
}

7、TextMessage

package com.example.springbootweixin.entity;import lombok.Data;@Data
public class TextMessage  extends BaseMessage {private String Content;
}

8、微信接入主类 DispatCherServlet

青云客智能聊天机器人API：http://api.qingyunke.com/

package com.example.springbootweixin.controller;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.example.springbootweixin.entity.TextMessage;
import com.example.springbootweixin.utils.CheckUtil;
import com.example.springbootweixin.utils.HttpClientUtil;
import com.example.springbootweixin.utils.XmlUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;/*** 微信事件通知*/@RestController
@Slf4j
public class DispatCherServlet {/*** 微信验证** @param signature* @param timestamp* @param nonce* @param echostr* @return*/@RequestMapping(value = "/dispatCherServlet", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String getDispatCherServlet(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce, String echostr) {boolean checkSignature = CheckUtil.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce);if (!checkSignature) {return null;}return echostr;}/*** 功能说明:微信事件通知（用户所有消息都会通过改接口接收）** @param request* @return* @throws Exception*/@RequestMapping(value = "/dispatCherServlet", method = RequestMethod.POST)public void postdispatCherServlet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");Map<String, String> mapResult = XmlUtils.parseXml(request);if (mapResult == null) {return;}String msgType = mapResult.get("MsgType");PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();if(msgType ==  "text") {//获取用户信息String content = mapResult.get("Content");String toUserName = mapResult.get("ToUserName");String fromUserName = mapResult.get("FromUserName");String textMessage = null;//判断回复if (content.equals("微信公众号")) {textMessage = setTextMessage("我是后台接口自动回复的哦", toUserName, fromUserName);} else {// 调用第三方智能接口（青云客智能聊天机器人API）String resultStr = HttpClientUtil.doGet("http://api.qingyunke.com/api.php?key=free&appid=0&msg=" + content);JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject().parseObject(resultStr);Integer integer = jsonObject.getInteger("result");if (integer == null || integer != 0) {textMessage = setTextMessage("亲,系统出错啦!", toUserName, fromUserName);} else {String result = jsonObject.getString("content");textMessage = setTextMessage(result, toUserName, fromUserName);}}log.info("postdispatCherServlet() info:{}", textMessage);out.print(textMessage);}out.close();}// 回复消息封装public String setTextMessage(String content, String toUserName, String fromUserName) {TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage();textMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());textMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);textMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);textMessage.setContent(content);textMessage.setMsgType("text");String messageToXml = XmlUtils.messageToXml(textMessage);return messageToXml;}
}

9、启动配置好后测试效果如下

别忘了看第二步微信公众号接入当前本地项目