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1. 强调句型一

强调句型：It is / was … that / who …
James crashed the car last week.
- 强调主语 James： It was James that crashed the car last week.
- 强调宾语 the car： It was the car that James crashed last week.
- 强调状语 last week： It was last week that James crashed the car.
【补充】强调句不仅可以强调词或词组，也可以强调从句，如下：
- It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just howbad much of the medical literature frequently was.

强调句型一的扩展

① 否定强调：It is / was not … that / who … 或 It is / was … that … not …
- It’s not the children that need help, It’s their parents.
  It’s the parents that need help, not their children.
- It was not her personality that he noticed, it was her beauty.
  It was her beauty that he noticed, not her personality.
② It is / was not A, not B, but … that + 动词 …，谓语动词采取就近原则，动词单复数与 but 后面保持一致
- It is not the sunshine, not clock alarm, but my dream that wakes me up. every morning. 每早叫醒我的，不是阳光，不是闹钟，而是梦想
- It was not Jack, not Eric, but Bill alone that invented phones.
【补充】主语被强调部分为代词结构时
I’m right.
非正式： It is me that is right. = It’s me that’s right. It is 分开写会相对正式一点，但是也不正式
正式： It is I that am right. 这里 I 不管格的变化
It is you that will pay the fine. It is you that …
注：强调句，去掉强调部分后，原句不能发生变化，非正式去掉后 me is right，不对，在正式中才是对的， It is I that am right. 去掉后 I am right.

3. 强调句型二

what … is / was … + 被强调部分，what 强调的是事物
- His voice irritates me.
  It is his voice that irritates me.
  What irritates me is his voice.
- I saw a white bear.
  What I saw is a white bear.
- I switched off all the lights.
  What I did was (to) swith off all the lights.
- It searches the whole internet.
  What it does is (to) search the whole internet.

4. 用于强调的 all

All (that) … is / was … (that) 在从句中作宾语可以去掉，单独使用 all 表示物的概念
- He needs a bit of sympathy
  All (that) he needs is a bit of sympathy.
- Press the button.
  All (that) you do is press the button.
强调人： the person who … is / was …
- It was Jack who phoned.
  The person who phoned was Jack.
- What Jack did was phone
- Jack did phone.

5. 强调句与主语从句的区别

一是根据强调句的构成原理，如果去掉 “it is… that…”，余下部分可还原成一个完整的句子，即为强调句；反之余下的部分不能还原成完整的句子则不是强调句，为主语从句（后置）。
- It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of wordgarden…
二是如果发现 “it is… that…” 中间是形容词或动词，则该句为主语从句，因为强调句不能强调形容词或动词。
- It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems…

6. 补充

It is / was + 状语 + that …
- I lost my cellphone on the bus.
  It was on the bus that I lost my cellphone.
【补充】用于强调时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式的时候可以使用 when / where / why / how 来代替 that，这个用法很不正式
where / when / why / how … is / was …
- You pay in Room 1 on the first floor.
  Where you pay is in Room 1 on the first floor. 不正式用法
  It is Room 1 on the first floor that you pay. 正式用法
  The place where you pay is Room 1 on ther first floor.
- We met last January.
  When we met was last January.
  It was last January that we met.
- I did it by using a mirror.
  How I did it was by using a mirror.
  It was by using a mirror that I did it.
- I’m here to talk about my plans.
  Why I’m here is to talk about my plans.
  It is to talk about my plans

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【考研英语语法】强调结构

0 前言

1. 强调句型一

3. 强调句型二

4. 用于强调的 all

5. 强调句与主语从句的区别

6. 补充

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