linux下安装新硬盘并加载使用手记

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一、过程步骤

1、#kudzu                          //检测新硬件，这一步必须！

2、#fdisk -l                         //查看是否找到新的硬盘，查看硬盘代号。

3、#fdisk /dev/sdb             //为新硬盘分区，例如分成sdb1

#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1    //把新硬盘格式化成ext3格式

4、#mkdir /disk2                    //创建新的挂载点

5、#mount /dev/sdb1 /disk2/   //手动挂载分区,把硬盘挂到/disk2目录下。

6、#vi /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb1 /disk2 ext3 auto 1 2     //设置为开机自动挂载分区。

二.详细过程

2、

查看硬盘代号

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×0007d856

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 26 1305 10281600 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes <=新硬盘

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-0: 9395 MB, 9395240960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1142 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×00000000

Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-1: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×30307800

Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table

3、fdisk 分区

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0×623223a1.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won’t be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0×0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): p <=显示信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×623223a1

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n <=新建分区

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p <=新建主分区

Partition number (1-4): 1 <=分区号为1，即/dev/sdb1

First cylinder (1-261, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261):

Using default value 261

Command (m for help): p <=显示分区信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×623223a1

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 261 2096451 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w <=保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

4、创建挂载点

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mkdir /disk2

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×0007d856

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 26 1305 10281600 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×623223a1

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 261 2096451 83 Linux

Disk /dev/dm-0: 9395 MB, 9395240960 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1142 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×00000000

Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-1: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk identifier: 0×30307800

Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

262144 inodes, 524112 blocks

26205 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912

16 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

5、设置为开机自动挂载分区

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb1     /disk2      ext3       auto     1 2

6、手动挂载分区

[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk2/