笔者刚刚接触unity，跟着B站上的教程学着做了一个小项目，若有不足，请各位大佬多多指教。

1. 创建项目

视频教程网址：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1V4411W787?p=6&spm_id_from=pageDriver

项目预览

素材搜集：Window-general-Assert store
导入后可在assert文件夹中查看

2. 角色移动

新建文件夹 scripts脚本
创建脚本文件PlayerControl.cs
可能出现的问题：unity没有补全功能
在unity中设置，edit-preference 默认vs再打开

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{public float speed = 5f;// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){float moveX = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//control horizon move A:-1 D:1 else: 0float moveY = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");//control vertical move W:1 S:-1 else 0;Vector2 position = transform.position;position.x += moveX*speed*Time.deltaTime;position.y += moveY * speed * Time.deltaTime;transform.position = position;}
}

将脚本拖给人物

3. tilemap绘制地图

左侧窗口右键创建 Grid-tilemap
创建tile文件夹，里面可以放瓦片
裁剪瓦片右侧spliteditor
调整行与列，自动裁剪成n*m
window-2D-tilepalette
调色板中放入图片来作为地板

4. prefab丰富场景

将要加入的物体加入到prefab文件夹中，作为模板，方便复制粘贴
给物体添加刚体与碰撞
给人物添加刚体(rigid body) 与碰撞(Box colider)
给物体添加碰撞(Box Colider)
设置人物重力为零，刚体中gravity设置 (bug 1: 人物不停下降，根本停不下来)
更改 edit-project Setting-graphics
调整mode为自定义(custom axis)
x,y,z 0 1 0
目的为图层的穿插更真实

4. 解决碰撞与抖动问题

解决碰撞旋转 （bug 2：爱的魔力转圈圈）
人物-刚体-freeze rotation z
解决抖动问题： （bug 3：不断抽搐）

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{public float speed = 5f;Rigidbody2D rBody;//刚体组件// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){rBody=GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){float moveX = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//control horizon move A:-1 D:1 else: 0float moveY = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");//control vertical move W:1 S:-1 else 0;Vector2 position = rBody.position;position.x += moveX*speed*Time.fixedDeltaTime;position.y += moveY * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;rBody.MovePosition(position);}
}

修改为刚体的位置，并且使用fixedDeltaTime替换DeltaTime

4.相机跟随

添加相机

import package cinemaMachine

GameObject-cinemaMachine-2dCamera

将人物添加到相机的follow中

地板碰撞

添加tilemapcollider
将除了水面以外的瓦片 collidertype 都设为none

镜头边界

左侧创建新建空物体，取名为cameraConfirmer
为这个物体添加组件：Polygon Collider
编辑边界
在原相机中extension tools添加camera collider，把自己写的放进去。
confiner中点击istrigger，避免将人物弹出**（bug 4: 两者不兼容）**

采集道具：

图片调整合适大小拖入map，添加碰撞，打开触发器。
编辑脚本
在playcontroller中添加

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{public float speed = 5f;private float MaxHealth = 5;private float MinHealth = 0;private float currHealth ;public float getMaxHealth(){return MaxHealth;}public float getMinHealth(){return MinHealth;}public float getCurrHealth(){return currHealth;}Rigidbody2D rBody;//刚体组件// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){this.currHealth = 2;rBody=GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){float moveX = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//control horizon move A:-1 D:1 else: 0float moveY = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");//control vertical move W:1 S:-1 else 0;Vector2 position = rBody.position;position.x += moveX * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;position.y += moveY * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;rBody.MovePosition(position);}public void changeHealth(float add){currHealth=Mathf.Clamp(add+currHealth, 0, MaxHealth);//玩家生命值约束在0与Maxhealth之间}}

新建脚本 collectable.cs

    private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other){PlayerController player = other.GetComponent<PlayerController>(); if (player != null){Debug.Log("玩家碰到草莓");Debug.Log(player.getCurrHealth() + "/" + 5);if (player.getCurrHealth() < player.getMaxHealth()){player.changeHealth(2);Debug.Log(player.getCurrHealth() + "/" + 5);Destroy(this.gameObject);//拾取草莓后摧毁草莓}}}

受到伤害

创建脚本，类似于collectable

private void OnTriggerStay2D(Collider2D other){PlayerController player = other.GetComponent<PlayerController>();if (player != null){Debug.Log("玩家碰到陷阱");Debug.Log(player.getCurrHealth() + "/" + 5);if (player.getCurrHealth() > 0){player.changeHealth(-1);Debug.Log(player.getCurrHealth() + "/" + 5);}}}//注意方法为OnTriggerStay2D，可实现持续收到伤害

在Playercontroller中改动实现间隔受到伤害

    private float invincibleTimer;private float invincibleTime=2f ;private bool isinvincible=false;//if (isinvincible){invincibleTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if(invincibleTimer < 0)isinvincible=false;//两秒以后取消无敌状态}//在update函数中public void changeHealth(float add){if(add<0){if (isinvincible){return;}isinvincible = true;invincibleTimer = invincibleTime;}currHealth=Mathf.Clamp(add+currHealth, 0, MaxHealth);//玩家生命值约束在0与Maxhealth之间}//修改changeHealth函数

实现人物站在陷阱里也能收到伤害
人物刚体选择neverawake
伤害区域的扩充
选中伤害图片-drawmode-tiled平铺

添加敌人

1，给敌人加上刚体与碰撞，重力设为0；
2，编辑脚本EnemyController

public class EnemyController : MonoBehaviour
{public float changeDirectionTime = 2f;//改变方向的时间public float changeTimer;//改变方向的计时器public float speed = 3f;public bool isVertical;//是否垂直方向移动Rigidbody2D rbody;private Vector2 moveDirection;//移动方向   // Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){rbody= GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();moveDirection=isVertical ? Vector2.up : Vector2.right;//如果垂直移动，向上，否则向右changeTimer = changeDirectionTime;}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){changeTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if (changeTimer < 0){moveDirection *= -1;changeTimer = changeDirectionTime;}//计时器使来回运动Vector2 position=rbody.position;position.x+= moveDirection.x*Time.deltaTime;position.y += moveDirection.y * Time.deltaTime;rbody.MovePosition(position);}/// <summary>/// 与玩家的碰撞检测/// </summary>/// <param name="collision"></param>private void OnCollisionEnter2D(Collision2D collision)//碰撞体检测，不会穿过，要求两刚体之间{PlayerController pc = collision.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerController>();if (pc != null){pc.changeHealth(-1);}}
}

添加动画（难点！！！）

物品动画

选中需要添加动画的物体，点击windows-animation 新建一个动画新建在item文件夹下创建
add Property – scale 控制缩放在每一帧设置不同的大小
另外所有要加动画的物体点击修改过的物体 prefebs-apply all

敌人动画

选中预支动作图片，将其批量选中walkdown拖动到robot下，会打开资源管理器，选择新建enemy文件夹存放，保存为walkdown.anim 。
分别如此创建向上下左右的动画，特例右和左是对称的，所以在向右animation中 add property – sprite renderer.FlipX,在x轴上旋转。
之后再添加fixed动画
动画的应用，创建混合树，在animator界面-右键-create state-new blend tree
blendType：2D Simple
下方加号：add motion field,把上下左右的动作拖入，分别设置positionX,Y的变化（初始化为moveX，moveY）
返回base layer 使entry指向blend tree
左侧参数添加 moveX，moveY 以及trigger型的fixed，利用右键blend tree实现transition的连接，点击这根转换线，将transition的参数设置为trigger型的变量fixed
修改动画代码：

public class EnemyController : MonoBehaviour
{public float changeDirectionTime = 2f;//改变方向的时间public float changeTimer;//改变方向的计时器public float speed = 3f;public bool isVertical;//是否垂直方向移动Rigidbody2D rbody;private Vector2 moveDirection;//移动方向   // Start is called before the first frame updateprivate Animator animator;void Start(){rbody= GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();animator= GetComponent<Animator>();moveDirection=isVertical ? Vector2.up : Vector2.right;//如果垂直移动，向上，否则向右changeTimer = changeDirectionTime;}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){changeTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if (changeTimer < 0){moveDirection *= -1;changeTimer = changeDirectionTime;}//计时器使来回运动Vector2 position=rbody.position;position.x+= moveDirection.x*Time.deltaTime;position.y += moveDirection.y * Time.deltaTime;rbody.MovePosition(position);animator.SetFloat("moveX",moveDirection.x);animator.SetFloat("moveY", moveDirection.y);}/// <summary>/// 与玩家的碰撞检测/// </summary>/// <param name="collision"></param>private void OnCollisionEnter2D(Collision2D collision)//碰撞体检测，不会穿过，要求两刚体之间{PlayerController pc = collision.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerController>();if (pc != null){pc.changeHealth(-1);}}
}

人物动画

人物组件添加animator，添加控制 Ruby（官方自带，也可以用Blend tree自行完成）
修改代码：

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{public float speed = 5f;private float MaxHealth = 5;private float MinHealth = 0;private float currHealth ;private float invincibleTimer;private float invincibleTime=2f ;private bool isinvincible=false;private Animator animator;//动画机private Vector2 lookDirection = new Vector2(1, 0);//初始朝向默认为向右public float getMaxHealth(){return MaxHealth;}public float getMinHealth(){return MinHealth;}public float getCurrHealth(){return currHealth;}Rigidbody2D rBody;//刚体组件// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){this.currHealth = 2;invincibleTimer = 0;rBody=GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();animator = GetComponent<Animator>();}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){float moveX = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//control horizon move A:-1 D:1 else: 0float moveY = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");//control vertical move W:1 S:-1 else 0;//获取朝向：Vector2 moveVector= new Vector2(moveX, moveY);if(moveX!=0 || moveY != 0)//至少一个不为零(按下了键盘){lookDirection = moveVector;}animator.SetFloat("Look X",moveVector.x);animator.SetFloat("Look Y", moveVector.y);animator.SetFloat("Speed", moveVector.magnitude);//向量的模//控制移动Vector2 position = rBody.position;//position.x += moveX*speed*Time.fixedDeltaTime;//position.y += moveY * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;position += moveVector*speed*Time.deltaTime;rBody.MovePosition(position);//控制无敌时间if (isinvincible){invincibleTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if(invincibleTimer < 0)isinvincible=false;//两秒以后取消无敌状态}}public void changeHealth(float add){if(add<0){if (isinvincible){return;}isinvincible = true;invincibleTimer = invincibleTime;}currHealth=Mathf.Clamp(add+currHealth, 0, MaxHealth);//玩家生命值约束在0与Maxhealth之间Debug.Log("当前生命值" + currHealth);}
}

添加子弹

将子弹拖入场景，加上刚体与碰撞,重力设为零，不加z旋转，不勾选 isTrigger
添加脚本 bulletController.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class BulletController : MonoBehaviour
{private Rigidbody2D rb;private void Awake(){rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();//优先于start}// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){}public void Move(Vector2 moveDirection, float moveForce)//发射方法{rb.AddForce(moveDirection*moveForce);}
}

修改图层与碰撞
右上角layer图层添加 player与bullet层
edit-preference-2D physical 修改碰撞：player与bullet之间，bullet与bullet之间禁止碰撞

添加enemy逻辑

public void Fixed(){rbody.simulated = false;//禁用物理模拟animator.SetTrigger("fixed");//播放被修复的动画isfixed = true;}

plyercontroller 添加发射逻辑与动画


if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.J)){animator.SetTrigger("Launch");GameObject bullet = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, rBody.position+Vector2.up *0.4f ,Quaternion.identity);//默认方向，四元数，参数分别为预制体类别，产生出来的位置，旋转的初始角度BulletController bc=bullet.GetComponent<BulletController>();if (bc != null){bc.Move(lookDirection, 300);}}

添加特效：可以自学粒子相关

烟雾特效

右键左侧物品栏，新建特效particle System

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1V4411W787?p=15

人物血条

添加ui

右侧列表-右键新建ui-image
将要添加的图片加进去
调整缩放模式convas-scale with screen size

调整血条：filed， horizontal

编辑ui事件，在血量变化同时ui界面血量条随即变化

npc对话框，相应事件

子弹数量ui

链接如下，需要补充。
B站教程

本项目github网址

感谢大家阅读！！！

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