一、 准备工作

有时候，如果几个机器的配置相似，就不需要一遍又一遍地安装数据库软件了。这种情况下可以采用克隆安装的方式，比图形界面和静默安装更快捷。

源主机： A 机

目标主机： B 机

1.   B 机创建用户和用户组

#groupadd – g 501 oinstall

#groupadd – g 502 dba

#groupadd -g 503 oper

#useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -u 501 -d /home/oracle oracle

参数说明 -g 指定用户组

-G 指定附加组

-d 指定用户目录

激活 oracle 用户（修改 oracle 用户密码）

#passwd oracle

2.   B 机创建数据库安装目录并分配权限

# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oradata

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /archivelog

#chmod – R 775 /u01

#chmod – R 775 /oradata

#chmod – R 775 /backup

#chmod – R 775 /archivelog

注：在通常的生产环境中，我们将数据库软件（ ORACLE_HOME ）安装在本地，将数据（ oradata/backup/archivelog ）安装在存储中

3.    检查 B 机修改内核参数与 A 机一致

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

4.    检查 B 机修改用户限制文件与 A 机一致

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

5.    检查 B 机修改 Oracle 环境变量与 A 机一致（ oracle 用户）

$ vi .bash_pfile

6.   B 机安装相应需求包

#yum install -y  binutils compat*  elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel  glibc glibc-common  glibc-devel gcc gcc-c++ libaio libgcc  libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel libaio-devel ksh

二、开始克隆

A 机操作：

1.  关闭数据库

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate;

2.  关闭监听

$ lsnrctl stop

3.  打包 /u01/app/oracle/product/ 目录

$ cd /u01/app/oracle

$ tar -cvf /u01/app/oracle/product.tar product/

4.  将打包传输到 B 机

$ scp product.tar oracle@IP:/u01/app/oracle

B 机操作：

1.  解压 tar 包

$ cd /u01/app/oracle

$ tar -xvf product.tar

2.  检测 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin 目录下 listener.ora 和 tnsname.ora 文件，修改 HOST 字段指向本机。

3.  运行 runinstall

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin

$ ./runInstall -silent -clone ORACLE_BASE= ’ /u01/app/oracle ’  ORACLE_HOME= ’ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ ’  ORACLE_HOME_NAME= ’ ORACLE_HOME_1 ’   （自定义名）

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 3999 MB    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-12-05_08-32-20AM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost bin]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.2.0.4.0 Production

Copyright (C) 1999, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2018-12-05_08-32-20AM.log

.................................................................................................... 100% Done.

Installation in progress (Wednesday, December 5, 2018 8:32:30 AM EST)

..............................................................................                                                  78% Done.

Install successful

Linking in progress (Wednesday, December 5, 2018 8:32:36 AM EST)

Link successful

Setup in progress (Wednesday, December 5, 2018 8:33:04 AM EST)

Setup successful

End of install phases.(Wednesday, December 5, 2018 8:33:27 AM EST)

WARNING:A new inventory has been created in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.

To register the new inventory please run the script '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges.

If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

The cloning of ORACLE_HOME_1 was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2018-12-05_08-32-20AM.log' for more details.

此时，已经完成了 Oracle 数据库软件的安装

4.  开启监听

$ lsnrctl start

5.  检验 sqlplus 功能

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

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