一：安装：

地址：https://www.percona.com/software/mysql-database/percona-xtrabackup

版本：2.3.2

注意:可能依赖perl-DBD-mysql

安装：yum -y localinstall percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.i686.rpm

一：授权

MariaDB [mysql]> grant reload,lock tables,replication client on *.* to 'bkuser'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

二：完全备份

  innobackupex --user=bkuser --password=123 /backup

151126 20:45:20 >> log scanned up to (64328555) 151126 20:45:21 Executing UNLOCK TABLES151126 20:45:21 All tables unlocked151126 20:45:21 Backup created in directory '/backup/2015-11-26_20-45-09'MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000016', position '202526', GTID of the last change '0-1-47174'151126 20:45:21 [00] Writing backup-my.cnf151126 20:45:21 [00]        ...done151126 20:45:21 [00] Writing xtrabackup_info151126 20:45:21 [00]        ...donextrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (64327671) to (64328555) was copied.151126 20:45:21 completed OK!

三，增量备份

--incremental-basedir后面跟的是上一次完全备份或者增量备份的目录地址

innobackupex --user=bkuser --password=123 --incremental /backup/ --incremental-basedir=/backup/2015-11-26_20-45-09/

四、二进制日志备份

遇到灾难后，需备份二进制文件

cat /backup/2015-11-26_20-56-09/xtrabackup_binlog_info

里有数字，即增量备份到的位置，从此位置可以做二进制备份，知道误操作之前的备份结束

mysqlbinlog --start-position=232981  --stop-position=289768 /mydata/data/mysql-bin.000016 > /backup/zuihou.sql

五、合并完全跟增量操作

查看是完全备份还是增量备份的依据,进入备份目录

[root@nod1 2015-11-26_20-45-09]# cat xtrabackup_checkpointsbackup_type = full-backupedfrom_lsn = 0to_lsn = 64328555last_lsn = 64328555compact = 0recover_binlog_info = 0

backup_type决定

innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2015-11-26_20-45-09/  完全备份合并
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2015-11-26_20-45-09/ --incremental-dir=/backup/2015-11-26_20-56-09   增量备份合并

六，基于安全考虑，禁止网络访问数据库

/etc/my.cnf加入这两项

  [mysqld] --skip-networking--socket=/tmp/mysql-recovery.sock

恢复后删除即可

七、恢复，文件完全损坏后

innobackupex --copy-back 2015-11-26_20-45-09/

chown -R　mysql:mysql ./*  恢复后的文件权限修改回来
 

八、还原二进制日志

mysql> set session sql_log_bin=0;   关闭二进制日志功能，恢复后 打开即可
mysql> source /backup/zuihou.sql;
mysql> set session sql_log_bin=1

还原后注意再继续完全备份一次