阿里云oss文件上传（简单上传、服务端签名后直传）

前置：

自行开通阿里oss服务：

https://www.aliyun.com/product/oss?spm=a2c4g.11174283.J_8058803260.125.d9387da2TjNfP6

oss API:

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/32013.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.956.65694697WhZebu

一、简单的文件上传：

依赖：

<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId><version>3.10.2</version>
</dependency>

测试代码：

    @Testpublic void testOssUPLoad() throws Exception{// Endpoint以杭州为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com";// 阿里云主账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限，风险很高。// 强烈建议您创建并使用RAM账号进行API访问或日常运维，请登录RAM控制台创建RAM账号。//LTAI4GKxxxxxekn2ZYLxab//9XnhRAnlxxxxxxTDMLpMxGLoQx6rString accessKeyId = "LTAI4GKxxxxxekn2ZYLxab";String accessKeySecret = "9XnhRAnlxxxxxxTDMLpMxGLoQx6r";String bucketName = "xxxx-oos-images";// <yourObjectName>上传文件到OSS时需要指定包含文件后缀在内的完整路径，例如abc/efg/123.jpg。String objectName = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Downloads\\6555c4f8ffa80914bc51b798e4a6dce6.jpeg";// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);//以每天一个文件夹保存上传的文件(文件名称自行优化)String format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date());String content = format+"/Hello OSS.jpeg";// 上传文件到指定的存储空间（bucketName）并将其保存为指定的文件名称（objectName）。ossClient.putObject(bucketName, content, new FileInputStream(objectName));// 关闭OSSClient。ossClient.shutdown();}

二、使用spring-cloud-starter-alicloud-oss对文件直传进行改善

2.1、starter用2.2.0RELEASE 如果使用依赖管理的默认2.2.3RELEASE则无法启动

        <dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alicloud-oss</artifactId><version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency>

如果上边的starter依赖有冲突（启动失败）可以使用下边的依赖替换上边的依赖试试：

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-oss-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>com.aliyun</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-oss</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-core</artifactId><version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>

补充：项目使用的版本如下：（没有版本问题可不看）

    //1.spring boot 版本<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent>//2、spring cloud 以及spring cloud alibaba 版本,版本可以在properties里标注也直接在 //dependencyManagement 表明<properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement>

2.2、配置OSS

spring:application:name: xxxxcloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848alicloud:access-key: LTAI4GKzxxxxekn2ZYLxabsecret-key: 9XnhRAxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxLpMxGLoQx6ross:endpoint: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
server:port: 30000

2.3、测试

    //注入OSSClient@AutowiredOSSClient ossClient;@Testvoid contextLoads() throws Exception {String objectName =     "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Downloads\\6555c4f8ffa80914bc51b798e4a6dce6.jpeg";String bucketName = "xxx-oss-images";String format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date());String content = format+"/ss335OSS.jpeg";ossClient.putObject(bucketName, content, new FileInputStream(objectName));// 关闭OSSClient。ossClient.shutdown();}}

三、服务端签名后直传

阿里文档：

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/31926.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.1738.442534f3qJ9Nb7

1、依赖(依赖版本同上二)

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alicloud-oss</artifactId><version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency>

2、配置

spring:cloud:alicloud:access-key: LTAI4xxxxxxxZYLxabsecret-key: 9XnxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxGLoQx6ross:endpoint: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx## 自定义添加的属性bucket: mybucket

2、代码

@RestController
@RequestMapping("thirdparty/oss")
public class OSSController {@AutowiredOSS ossClient;//这里不能写OSSClient，因为容器总注入的是OSS，而不是其OSSClient实现，可以参看OssContextAutoConfiguration@Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.oss.endpoint}")private String endpoint;@Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.oss.bucket}")private String bucket;@Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.access-key}")private String accessId;@RequestMapping("/policy")public R ossUpload() {// host的格式为 bucketname.endpointString host = "https://" + bucket + "." + endpoint;// callbackUrl为 上传回调服务器的URL，请将下面的IP和Port配置为您自己的真实信息。String callbackUrl = "http://88.88.88.88:8888";String format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date());String dir = format + "/"; // 用户上传文件时指定的前缀。Map<String, String> respMap = null;try {//有效期long expireTime = 30;long expireEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + expireTime * 1000;Date expiration = new Date(expireEndTime);// PostObject请求最大可支持的文件大小为5 GB，即CONTENT_LENGTH_RANGE为5*1024*1024*1024。PolicyConditions policyConds = new PolicyConditions();policyConds.addConditionItem(PolicyConditions.COND_CONTENT_LENGTH_RANGE, 0, 1048576000);policyConds.addConditionItem(MatchMode.StartWith, PolicyConditions.COND_KEY, dir);String postPolicy = ossClient.generatePostPolicy(expiration, policyConds);byte[] binaryData = postPolicy.getBytes("utf-8");String encodedPolicy = BinaryUtil.toBase64String(binaryData);String postSignature = ossClient.calculatePostSignature(postPolicy);respMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();respMap.put("accessid", accessId);respMap.put("policy", encodedPolicy);//经过加密的访问策略respMap.put("signature", postSignature);//阿里oss服务提供的签名respMap.put("dir", dir);//文件将要保存的地址respMap.put("host", host);//文件提交的地址respMap.put("expire", String.valueOf(expireEndTime / 1000));//签名有效期// respMap.put("expire", formatISO8601Date(expiration));} catch (Exception e) {// Assert.fail(e.getMessage());System.out.println(e.getMessage());} finally {ossClient.shutdown();return R.ok().put("data", respMap);}}}

到这里可以使用idea自带的REST client 先测试后端是否可以正常获取到签名。

获取到的信息如下：

3、前端代码或者参考阿里提供的原生客户端：（https://docs-aliyun.cn-hangzhou.oss.aliyun-inc.com/assets/attach/86983/APP_zh/1537971352825/aliyun-oss-appserver-js-master.zip?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.10.74c47403C0rJnK&file=aliyun-oss-appserver-js-master.zip）

3.1异步获取签名

src/components/upload/policy.js文件如下：这里对异步方法axios进行了封装（自行使用原生axios或者ajax进行替换即可）

import http from '@/utils/httpRequest.js'
export function policy() {return  new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{http({url: http.adornUrl("/thirdparty/oss/policy"),method: "get",params: http.adornParams({})}).then(({ data }) => {resolve(data);})});
}

3.2vue+element组件提供的上传组件

src/components/upload/singleUpload.vue文件如下

<template> <div><el-uploadaction="https://xxxxxx这里填 阿里oss提供 Bucket域名":data="dataObj"list-type="picture":multiple="false" :show-file-list="showFileList":file-list="fileList":before-upload="beforeUpload":on-remove="handleRemove":on-success="handleUploadSuccess":on-error="handleUploadFail":on-preview="handlePreview"><el-button size="small" type="primary">点击上传</el-button><div slot="tip" class="el-upload__tip">只能上传jpg/png文件，且不超过10MB</div></el-upload><!-- file-list上传的文件列表, 例如: [{name: 'food.jpg', url: 'https://xxx.cdn.com/xxx.jpg'}] --><el-dialog :visible.sync="dialogVisible"><img width="100%" :src="fileList[0].url" alt=""></el-dialog></div>
</template>
<script>import {policy} from './policy'import { getUUID } from '@/utils'//uuid，随便自定义即可export default {name: 'singleUpload',props: {value: String},computed: {imageUrl() {return this.value;},imageName() {if (this.value != null && this.value !== '') {return this.value.substr(this.value.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);} else {return null;}},fileList() {return [{name: this.imageName,url: this.imageUrl}]},showFileList: {get: function () {return this.value !== null && this.value !== ''&& this.value!==undefined;},set: function (newValue) {}}},data() {return {dataObj: {policy: '',signature: '',key: '',ossaccessKeyId: '',dir: '',host: '',// callback:'',},dialogVisible: false};},methods: {handleUploadFail(){console.log("文件上传失败！！");},emitInput(val) {//this.$emit('input', val) 的意思是出发input事件(自定义事件也可以),val为input事件的参数this.$emit('input', val)},handleRemove(file, fileList) {this.emitInput('');},handlePreview(file) {this.dialogVisible = true;},//上传文件之前的钩子，参数为上传的文件，若返回 false 或者返回 Promise 且被 reject，则停止上传。beforeUpload(file) {console.log(`文件详情：`,file);let _self = this;return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {policy().then(response => {_self.dataObj.policy = response.data.policy;_self.dataObj.signature = response.data.signature;_self.dataObj.ossaccessKeyId = response.data.accessid;_self.dataObj.key = response.data.dir + getUUID()+'_${filename}';//_self.dataObj.key = response.data.dir + getUUID()+file.name;//这样也是可以的_self.dataObj.dir = response.data.dir;_self.dataObj.host = response.data.host;resolve(true)}).catch(err => {reject(false)})})},handleUploadSuccess(res, file) {//此代码用于文件上传完毕后，返回图片地址给//<single-upload v-model="dataForm.logo"></single-upload>console.log("上传成功...")this.showFileList = true;this.fileList.pop();//pop() 方法用于删除并返回数组的最后一个元素,如果只有一个元素就是清空操作了this.fileList.push({name: file.name, url: this.dataObj.host + '/' + this.dataObj.key.replace("${filename}",file.name) });this.emitInput(this.fileList[0].url);}}}
</script>
<style></style>

3.3 测试组件test.vue

<template><!-- 使用单文件上传组件 --><single-upload v-model="image"></single-upload>
</template><script>
import SingleUpload from "@/components/upload/singleUpload";
export default {data() {return {};},components: {SingleUpload,},
}</script>